↑ 1.01.1Ashkenazy, Michael. Handbook of Japanese Mythology. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio, 2003. 187-188
↑ 2.02.12.2John Batchelor: The Ainu and Their Folk-Lore, London 1901, p. 580–582.
↑Strong, Sarah Mehlhop (2011). Ainu spirits singing : the living world of Chiri Yukie's Ainu shinʼyōshū. Chiri, Yukie, 1903-1922., 知里, 幸恵(1903-1922). Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN9780824860127. OCLC798295761.
↑Batchelor: The Ainu and Their Folk-Lore, p. 240–241.
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