Masambiro gha ku Malawi ghakovwira munthu kuti waŵe wakunozgeka kuluta ku masukulu gha sekondare na mayunivesite. Ndipouli, mbanthu ŵacoko comene awo ŵakuluta ku sukulu ya sekondare panji ku yunivesite. Ŵana ŵanandi ŵakuleka sukulu, comenecomene awo ŵakusambira pulayimale.
Masukulu ghakupambana mu vigaŵa viŵiri: gha boma na gha ŵekha. Mu mizi na vikaya vinandi mu caru cose muli masukulu agha. Kuzakafika mu 1970, kukaŵa masukulu ghakwambilira pafupifupi 2,000 agho ghakaŵanga na ŵana 35 pa ŵana 100 ŵaliwose. Pa ŵana wose ŵa sukulu za pulayimare, 12 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵakasambiranga mu masukulu ghapadera agho ghakaŵa gha tchalitchi.
Masambiro gha ku sekondare ghakaŵa ghacedwa comene ku Malawi, cifukwa cakuti mu nyengo ya ukoloni, masambiro gha ku sekondare ghakaŵavya mahara. Mu Malaŵi muli masukulu ghasekondale gha mitundu yinkhondi. Vinyake mwa vinthu ivi ni masukulu ghakusambizgirako ŵanthu, masukulu gha zuŵa, masukulu gha boma, masukulu gha ku sekondare, na masukulu ghapachanya. Ŵasambizgi ŵanandi ŵa masambiro ghaciŵiri ŵali na madigiri panji madipuloma.
Mu masambiro agha, ŵana wose ŵakwenera kusambira vya ulimi. Ŵanyamata ŵakuchiskika kuti ŵagwirenge nchito za makuni, visulo, na kupenta, ndipo ŵasungwana ŵakuchiskika kuti ŵagwirenge nchito za panyumba. Chimoza mwa vinthu vikuru ivyo ŵanthu ŵakususka pa masukulu gha sekondare mu Malawi ntchakuti ghakusambizga chomene masambiro gha ku yunivesite. Ŵasambiri ŵanandi ŵakwamba kugwira nchito mwaluŵiro ndipo ŵakukhumbikwira kuŵasambizga vinthu vinyake. Ntheura, masukulu gha sekondare ghakuŵa na ŵana ŵa sukulu ŵacoko comene. Nakuti pa ŵawukirano wose ŵa ku Malawi, yumoza pera pa ŵawukirano ŵanayi ndiyo wakumalizga sukulu. [1]
Wupu wa UNICEF ukati mu 1994, boma likakhazikiska sukulu zaulere za ŵana wose. [2] Mu 1994, ciŵelengero ca ŵana awo ŵakalembeskanga masambiro gha ku pulayimale cikaŵa 133.9 peresenti, ndipo 102.6 peresenti. [2] Mu 1995, ŵana 62 pa 100 ŵaliwose awo ŵakamba sukulu ya pulayimale ŵakafika mu kilasi laciŵiri, ndipo 34 pa 100 ŵaliwose ŵakafika mu kilasi lacinayi. [2] Ŵasungwana ŵanandi ŵakuleka sukulu kuluska ŵanyamata. [2]
Masukulu gha ŵanthu ŵekha ghafuma mu Malaŵi ndipo ghakovwira kuti sukulu za boma zileke kwenda. Masukulu ghaŵene ghakusazgapo masukulu nga ni tukombo private girls secondary school, Bedir IS, Phungu, Lilongwe Girls, Hossana private School na Sunnyside School. Masukulu ghanyake ghakusambizgika na boma.
Sukulu yakwamba ya ŵasungwana ya Tukombo yikamba mu 1998, ndipo yikwendeskeka na NY nkhatabay development trust.
Wupu wa Bedir Foundation, uwo ukambika mu 2000, uli na masukulu ghaŵiri: Bedir Star International School, Lilongwe na Bedir International School, Blantyre. Vyose viŵiri vikugwiliskira nchito masambiro gha Cambridge International Examinations, kweniso MANEB.
Masukulu ghanandi gha kujikora ghapangika mu Malawi nga ni mawupu gha vyawanangwa na ŵana ŵa sukulu:
Masukulu ghapachanya mu Malawi ghali na masukulu ghanayi gha boma na ghanyake ghapachanya. Palije yunivesite ya ku Malawi iyo yili pa chigaŵa cha Times Higher panji QS World University Rankings. [5][6] Malaŵi ni yimoza mwa vyaru ivyo vili na ŵanthu ŵacoko comene pa caru cose awo ŵakusambira pa yunivesite. [7] Ŵakuyezgayezga kuti ŵasambire masambiro ghapachanya, comenecomene ŵanakazi awo kanandi ŵakuŵavya mwaŵi. [8]
Masukulu gha boma ni agha (mwakuyana na umo ghakaŵirako):
Kumpoto kwa Malaŵi ni malo ghakavu comene, ndipo ŵana wose ŵakuseŵera ndipo ŵanthu ŵalara ŵakulima. Ŵana ŵanyake ŵakovwira ŵalara pa ulimi, kweni ŵanandi ŵakuluta ku sukulu.
Masukulu ghapachanya gha ku Malawi ni agha:
Unduna wa vya masambiro ndiwo ukulemba mapulogiramu gha masukulu gha ku Malawi na kulaŵilira masambiro gha ŵasambizgi. Ŵasambizgi ŵakusambira masambiro gha ku sukulu na masambiro ghanyake. Pakusambizga munthu payekha, pakukhumbikwira kuti walongozgekenge. Ŵasambizgi ŵanandi ŵakwamba kusambizga pa sukulu za pulayimale mu sukulu iyo yili pafupi na malo ghakusambizgira ŵasambizgi. Pamanyuma pake, ŵakusambizga pa gulu ndipo msambizgi uyo wakusambira wakusambizga yekha kilasi kwa masabata 6. Pali mitundu yitatu ya ŵasambizgi awo ŵakusambizga ŵanthu. Ŵasambizgi awo ŵali kumalizga masambiro agha ndiwo ŵakulongozga dipatimenti zinandi, ndipo ŵakovwirika na ŵantchito awo ŵali na maudindo ghapachanya panji ghapachanya.
Malawi wali na masukulu ghanayi ghakusambizga masambiro gha ku pulayimale. Msambizgi wa PT4 wali na chiphaso cha Malawi School Certificate of Education (MSCE) icho ni vyaka vinayi vya masambiro gha ku sekondare, na chiphaso cha ŵasambizgi cha vyaka viŵiri. Para munthu wafika pa msinkhu wa PT3, wakuŵa na mwaŵi wa kufumba mafumbo. Para munthu wakughanaghana kuti wakumanya vinandi pa nkhani iyi, wakwenera kufumba fumbo. Ndipouli, PT2 ni digiri ya boma (Muteŵeti wa msambizgi mulara) apo PT1 njakovwira kwa msambizgi mulara, ŵasambizgi ŵa pulayimale na awo ŵakulaŵilira ntchito.
Ŵasambizgi ŵa masukulu gha sekondare ŵakusambizgika pa sukulu ya masambiro. Sukulu iyi yikupeleka masambiro gha mitundu yitatu: Diploma of Education, Bachelor of Education na University Certificate of Education.
Ŵasambizgi ŵa pa yunivesite iyi ŵalipo 30 peresenti. Mu 1977, pa ŵasambizgi 199, 87 ŵakaŵa ŵakufuma ku vyaru vinyake. Pa ŵasambizgi aŵa, 27 ŵakaŵa ŵa ku Malawi, ndipo ŵanyake 48 ŵakasambiranga masambiro ghapachanya ku vyaru vinyake. Pali kukhumbikwa kuti ŵanthu awo pasono ŵakuteŵetera nga ni ŵasambizgi ŵalutilire kuŵa na maluso kweniso kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵa ku Malawi ŵasambizgike.
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Wungwero Book Foundation yikusambizga ŵasambizgi ŵa mabuku pa sukulu ya DAPP. [10] Wupu unyake ukuru uwo uli ku Malawi, ndipo ukucemeka AYISE, ukupeleka masambiro ku masukulu gha mu cigaŵa ici. [11]