معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے اردو و ہندی

مندرجہ ذیل جدول بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد کی اردو اور ہندی کے تلفظ کی ترجمانی کرتا ہے۔

حروف صحیح بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ ہندی اردو انگریزی مساوی b ब ب abash bʱ भ بھ abhor d̪ [1] द د dull d̪ʱ [1] ध دھ without ɖ [1] ड ڈ guard ɖʱ [1] ढ ڈھ guardhouse dʒ ज ج hedge dʒʱ झ جھ hedgehog f फ़ ف Phantom ɡ ग گ agate ɡʱ घ گھ pigheaded h ः ح، ه head ɦ ह ahead j य ی yak k क ک scan kʰ ख کھ can l ल ل leaf m म م much n न ن not ɳ ण ن burner ŋ ं ن bank p प پ span pʰ फ پھ naphtha (in this case, ph is not pronounced as 'f') q क़ ق a k in the throat (Urdu; often [k] in Hindi) r र ر trilled r ɽ ड़ ڑ US: larder ɽʱ ढ़ ڑھ as [ɽ] plus h; approximated by the US: warhead s स ث، س، ص sue ʂ ष ش/س worship ʃ श ش shoe t̪ [1] त ت، ط think t̪ʰ [1] थ تھ thought ʈ [1] ट ٹ art ʈʰ [1] ठ ٹھ artist tʃ च چ catch tʃʰ छ چھ choose ʋ[2] व و varies between w and v x ख़ خ Bach (Urdu; often [kʰ] in Hindi) ɣ ग़ غ similar to a French r (Urdu; often [ɡ] in Hindi). Close to uvular flap. z ज़ ذ، ز، ض، ظ zen ʒ झ़ ژ pleasure, azure

حروف علت بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ ہندی اردو انگریزی مساوی aː आ, पा آ, بَا father eː ए, पे اے، بے between yell and Yale ɛː ऐ, पै اَے، بَے fairy ə [3] अ, प اَ، بَ about iː [4] ई, पी اِی، بِی feet ɪ [4] इ, पि اِ، بِ bill oː ओ, पो او، بو old ɔː औ, पौ اَو، بَو horse uː [4] ऊ, पू اُو، بُو loot ʊ [4] उ, पु اُ، بُ look  ̃ ँ ـں nasal vowel ([ãː], [õː], etc.) Suprasegmentals IPA ˈ stress (placed before stressed syllable) ː doubled consonant

نوٹس

1. ^ To an English ear, [t̪ t̪ʰ ʈ ʈʰ] all sound like /t/, and [d̪ d̪ʱ ɖ ɖʱ] all sound like /d/. However, to a Hindi-Urdu speaker's ear these are very different sounds. [t̪ d̪] are like Spanish or French [t d], with the tongue touching the teeth, and [t̪ʰ d̪] are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English /θ ð/ (the th sounds). Hindi-Urdu [ʈ ɖ] are pronounced with the tongue further back, touching behind the teeth, and [ʈʰ ɖ] are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English t d; [ʈ] is how they hear English t after s.
2. [v], [w] and intermediate [ʋ] are allophonic in Hindi-Urdu. Some words, such as vrat ('व्रत', fast), are pronounced with [v] and others, such as pakwan ('पकवान', food dish), are pronounced with [w].
3. /ɛ/ occurs as a conditioned allophone of /ə/ in proximity of an /h/, if /h/ is surrounded on both sides by schwas. Mostly, the second schwa undergoes syncopation and the resultant is just an /ɛ/ preceding an /h/.
4. ^ /iː, ɪ/ and /uː, ʊ/ are neutralized to [i, u] at the end of a word.