معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے اردو و ہندی

مندرجہ ذیل جدول بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد کی اردو اور ہندی کے تلفظ کی ترجمانی کرتا ہے۔

حروف صحیح
بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ ہندی اردو انگریزی مساوی
b ب abash
bʱ بھ abhor
[1] د dull
ʱ [1] دھ without
ɖ [1] ڈ guard
ɖʱ [1] ڈھ guardhouse
ج hedge
ʱ جھ hedgehog
f फ़ ف Phantom
ɡ گ agate
ɡʱ گھ pigheaded
h ح، ه head
ɦ ahead
j ی yak
k ک scan
kʰ کھ can
l ل leaf
m م much
n ن not
ɳ ن burner
ŋ ن bank
p پ span
pʰ پھ naphtha
(in this case, ph is not pronounced as 'f')
q क़ ق a k in the throat
(Urdu; often [k] in Hindi)
r ر trilled r
ɽ ड़ ڑ US: larder
ɽʱ ढ़ ڑھ as [ɽ] plus h; approximated by the US: warhead
s ث، س، ص sue
ʂ ش/س worship
ʃ ش shoe
[1] ت، ط think
ʰ [1] تھ thought
ʈ [1] ٹ art
ʈʰ [1] ٹھ artist
چ catch
ʰ چھ choose
ʋ[2] و varies between w and v
x ख़ خ Bach
(Urdu; often [kʰ] in Hindi)
ɣ ग़ غ similar to a French r
(Urdu; often [ɡ] in Hindi). Close to uvular flap.
z ज़ ذ، ز، ض، ظ zen
ʒ झ़ ژ pleasure, azure
حروف علت
بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ ہندی اردو انگریزی مساوی
आ, पा آ, بَا father
ए, पे اے، بے between yell and Yale
ɛː ऐ, पै اَے، بَے fairy
ə [3] अ, प اَ، بَ about
[4] ई, पी اِی، بِی feet
ɪ [4] इ, पि اِ، بِ bill
ओ, पो او، بو old
ɔː औ, पौ اَو، بَو horse
[4] ऊ, पू اُو، بُو loot
ʊ [4] उ, पु اُ، بُ look
 ̃ ـں nasal vowel
([ãː], [õː], etc.)


Suprasegmentals
IPA
ˈ stress
(placed before stressed syllable)
ː doubled consonant

نوٹس

[ترمیم]
  1. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ To an English ear, [t̪ t̪ʰ ʈ ʈʰ] all sound like /t/, and [d̪ d̪ʱ ɖ ɖʱ] all sound like /d/. However, to a Hindi-Urdu speaker's ear these are very different sounds. [t̪ d̪] are like Spanish or French [t d], with the tongue touching the teeth, and [t̪ʰ d̪] are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English /θ ð/ (the th sounds). Hindi-Urdu [ʈ ɖ] are pronounced with the tongue further back, touching behind the teeth, and [ʈʰ ɖ] are how a Hindi-Urdu speaker hears English t d; [ʈ] is how they hear English t after s.
  2. [v], [w] and intermediate [ʋ] are allophonic in Hindi-Urdu. Some words, such as vrat ('व्रत', fast), are pronounced with [v] and others, such as pakwan ('पकवान', food dish), are pronounced with [w].
  3. /ɛ/ occurs as a conditioned allophone of /ə/ in proximity of an /h/, if /h/ is surrounded on both sides by schwas. Mostly, the second schwa undergoes syncopation and the resultant is just an /ɛ/ preceding an /h/.
  4. ^ ا ب پ ت /iː, ɪ/ and /uː, ʊ/ are neutralized to [i, u] at the end of a word.