Kokilet Daniel

Kokilet Daniel

Daniel Uilyam Kokilet (inglizcha: Daniel William Coquillett; 1856-yil 23-yanvar, Vudstok chekkasidagi Frankvill - 1911 yil 7 iyun, Atlantika Siti) - amerikalik entomolog. Albert Kobele bilan birga u zararli qishloq xo'jaligi hasharotlarini biologik nazorat qilishning kashfiyotchilaridan biri hisoblanadi. 1880-yillarda Avstraliyadan olib kelingan ladybug yordamida Kaliforniya sitrus bogʻlarini zararkunandalardan qutqarish yoʻli taklif qilindi.

Biografiya

Kokilet Daniel 1856-yil 23-yanvarda Vudstok shahri yaqinida kelib chiqishi fransuz dehqon Frensis Kokilet ( Frensis Marquis Lafayette Coquillette ) oilasida tug'ilgan. Onasi otasining uzoq qarindoshi edi, ismi Sara En Koklet edi ( Sara Anne Kokelet ). Daniel to'qqiz kishidan iborat oilada yettinchi farzand edi.

Entomologiyaga qiziqish Daniel Kokiletda erta paydo bo'lgan. Fermada otasiga yordam berib, kapalaklar va qo'ng'izlarni yig'ishni boshladi va ularni tekshirish uchun Jorj Xorniga va Avgust Gtotega yuborardi. 1880-yilda Daniel Kokilet Lepidopteraning dastlabki bosqichlarini rivojlantirish bo'yicha birinchi ilmiy ishini nashr etadi. Bir muncha vaqt o'tgach, Daniel Kokilet The Germantown Telegraph va Papilio jurnali uchun yozgan kichik eslatmalar entomolog va etnolog Sayrus Tomasning e'tiborini tortdi, u Daniel Kokiletga Illinoys shtatida entomolog yordamchisi sifatida ishga kirishga yordam berdi. 1882-yilda Daniel Kokilet sog'lig'ini tiklash uchun Kaliforniya janubidagi Anaxaymga ko'chib o'tdi va u yerda Diptera ni o'rganishni boshladi. Bu yillar davomida u o'sha davrning eng mashhur dipterologi Semyuel Uiliston bilan faol yozishmalar olib bordi va material almashdi. Daniel Kokilet "Janubiy Kaliforniya Fanlar Akademiyasi" ning asoschilaridan biri edi.

1911-yil 7-iyunda u davolanish uchun kelgan Atlantik-Siti shahrida yurak to'xtashidan vafot etdi. Ota-onasi yoniga Illinoysdagi oilaviy uchastkada dafn etilgan.

Ilmiy yutuqlari

Kokiletning ilmiy qiziqishlari qishloq xo‘jaligi entomologiyasi qaratilgan. 1880-yillarda u janubiy Kaliforniyada chigirtkalar tarqalishini o'rganib chiqdi, barcha topilgan ortopteralarning hayot aylanishini tasvirlab berdi va zararkunandalar tarqalishini insektitsidlar yordamida yo'q qilish bo'yicha tavsiyalar ishlab chiqdi. Shu bilan birga, avstraliyalik tsitrus fermerlarini halokat yoqasiga olib kelgan yivli hasharotning kuchli tarqalishi sodir bo'ldi. Dastlab kimyoviy nazorat qiluvchi vositalar qarilik va sulfat kislota aralashmasidan gaz shaklida sinovdan o'tkazildi. Kimyoviy usul bilan zararkunandalarga qarshi kurashish bo'yicha muvaffaqiyatsiz urinishdan so'ng, Albert Kobele avstraliyalik yirtqich hasharotlar orasida go'shtli hasharotlar bilan oziqlanadigan turni qidirishni boshlashni taklif qildi. Kebele Avstraliyadan ladybug Rodolia cardinalis olib keldi, u bilan Kokilet ushbu turni ommaviy etishtirish uchun maqbul sharoitlarni tanlash bo'yicha tajribalarni boshladi. Ushbu ladybugning hududda tarqalishi zararkunandalarga qarshi kurashish va sitrus plantatsiyalarini tiklash imkonini berdi. Taksonomist sifatida Kokilet 53 oiladan dipteraning 1214 haqiqiy turini va 136 avlodini tasvirlab berdi. Turlarning eng ko'p soni Tachinidae (201 tur) va Bombyliidae (149 tur) oilalarida tasvirlangan. Turlarning eng ko'p soni 1902 yilda u tomonidan tasvirlangan.

Daniel Coquilet tomonidan tasvirlangan turlar sonining grafigi

Kokilet nomidagi hayvonlar guruhi

Hasharotlarning 80 dan ortiq turlari, besh avlodi va bir qabilasi Kokilet nomi bilan atalgan^[1]. Uning kolleksiyasi Vashingtondagi Milliy tabiiy tarix muzeyida saqlanadi^[2].

Turlari

Ortoptera

• Ligurotettix coquilletti McNeill, 1897
• Trimerotropis coquilletti McNeill 1900

Hemiptera

• Caladonus coquilletti Van Duzee, 1890 (Cicadellidae)
• Heraeus coquilletti Barber, 1914 (Rhyparochromidae)

Koleopter

• Cinacanthus coquilletti (Linell, 1896) (Aphodiidae)
• Acmaeodera coquilletti Fall, 1899 (Buprestidae)
• Stenostrophia coquilletti (Linell, 1897) (Cerambycidae)
• Gymnopyge coquilletti Linell, 1895 (Melolonthidae)
• Eusattus coquilletti Linell, 1899 (Tenebrionidae)

Neyroptera

• Clathroneuria coquilletti (Currie, 1898) (Myrmeleontidae)

Lepidoptera

• Acontia coquillettii Smith, 1900 (Noctuidae)
• Ethmia coquillettella Busck, 1907 (Elachistidae)

Hymenoptera

• Encarsia coquilletti Howard, 1895 (Aphelinidae)
• Nomada coquilletti Cockerell, 1903 (Apidae)
• Prosapis coquilletti Cockerell, 1896 (Colletidae)
• Mimesa coquilletti (Rohwer, 1910) (Crabronidae)
• Metaphycus coquilletti (Howard, 1898) (Encyrtidae)
• Temelucha coquilletti Dasch, 1979 (Ichneumonidae)
• Tryphon coquilletti Townes & Townes, 1950 (Ichneumonidae)
• Pseudomasaris coquilletti Rohwer, 1911 (Masaridae)
• Ashmeadiella coquilletti Titus, 1904 (Megachilidae)
• Coelioxys coquilletti Crawford, 1914 (Megachilidae)
• Megachile coquilletti Cockerell, 1915 (Megachilidae)
• Amauronematus coquilletti Marlatt, 1896 (Tenthredinidae)
• Sciapteryx coquilletti Rohwer, 1912 (Tenthredinidae)

Diptera

• Phytomyza coquilletti Spencer, 1986 (Agromyzidae)
• Zaphne coquilletti Griffiths, 1998 (Anthomyiidae)
• Saropogon coquilletti Back, 1909 (Asilidae)
• Bombylius coquilletti Williston, 1899 (Bombyliidae)
• Lithocosmus coquilletti (Cockerell, 1909) (Bombyliidae)
• Tmemophlebia coquilletti (Johnson, 1902) (Bombyliidae)
• Stilobezzia coquilletti Kieffer, 1917 (Ceratopogonidae)
• Dolichopus coquilletti Aldrich, 1893 (Dolichopodidae)
• Scaptomyza coquilletti Wheeler & Takada, 1966 (Drosophilidae)
• Ceropsilopa coquilletti Cresson, 1922 (Ephydridae)
• Euhybus coquilletti Melander, 1927 (Hybotidae)
• Platypalpus coquilletti Melander, 1924 (Hybotidae)
• Leptometopa coquilletti (Hendel, 1907) (Milichiidae)
• Phaonia coquilletti (Vimmer, 1939) (Muscidae)
• Dynatosoma coquilletti Landrock, 1918 (Mycetophilidae)
• Geomyza coquilletti (Hendel, 1917) (Opomyzidae)
• Apocephalus coquilletti Malloch, 1912 (Phoridae)
• Tomosvaryella coquilletti (Kertész, 1907) (Pipunculidae)
• Rivellia coquilletti Hendel, 1914 (Platystomatidae)
• Brevitrichia coquilletti Kelsey, 1969 (Scenopinidae)
• Criorhina coquilletti Williston, 1892 (Syrphidae)
• Dideoides coquilletti (Goot, 1964) (Syrphidae)
• Dideomima coquilletti (Williston, 1891) (Syrphidae)
• Xylota coquilletti Herve-Bazin, 1914 (Syrphidae)
• Chrysops coquilletti Hine, 1904 (Tabanidae)
• Tabanus coquilletti Shiraki, 1918 (Tabanidae)
• Leschenaultia coquilletti Toma & Guimaraes, 2002 (Tachinidae)
• Tipula coquilletti Enderlein, 1912 (Tipulidae)

Nadid takson

• Qabila Coquillettomyiina Mamaev, 1968 Cecidomyiidae
• Coquillettidia Dyar, 1904 jinsi (Diptera, Culicidae )
• Coquillettina Walton, 1915 jinsi (Diptera, Tachinidae)
• Coquillettomyia Felt, 1908 jinsi (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae )
• Coquillettapis Viereck, 1909 jinsi (Hemiptera, Anthophoridae)
• Coquillettia Uhler, 1890 jinsi (Hemiptera, Miridae)

Kokiletning eng muhim nashrlari

• Coquillett D. W. On the early stages of some moths (англ.) // Canadian Entomologist : Журнал. — 1880. — Vol. 12. — P. 43—46. — ISSN 0008-347X.
• Coquillett D. W. Monograph of the species belonging to the genus Anthrax from America north of Mexico (англ.) // Transactions of the American Entomological Society: Журнал. — 1887. — Vol. 14. — P. 159—182. — ISSN 0002-8320.
• Coquillett D. W. Notes and descriptions of North American Bombyliidae (англ.) // Transactions of the American Entomological Society : Журнал. — 1894. — Vol. 21. — P. 89—112. — ISSN 0002-8320.
• Coquillett D. W. New genera and species of Tachinidae (англ.) // Journal of the New York Entomological Society : Журнал. — 1895. — Vol. 3. — P. 97—107. — ISSN 1051-8932.
• Coquillett D. W. New Diptera from North America (англ.) // Proceedings of the United States National Museum : Журнал. — 1902. — Vol. 24. — P. 83—126.
• Coquillett D. W.. Revision of the Tachinidae of America north of Mexico. A family of parasitic two-winged insects. Washington: United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series, 1897. 

Manbalar

1. „Перечень описанных Кокилетом видов“ (en). 2018-yil 9-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 8-sentyabr.
2. „Кокилет, Даниель“.