中华先光海葵
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科学分类
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界:
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动物界 Animalia
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门:
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櫛板動物門 Ctenophora
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幹群:
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櫛板動物門 Ctenophora
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科:
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†高足杯蟲科 Dinomischidae
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属:
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†先光海葵属 Xianguangia
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种:
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†中华先光海葵 X. sinica
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二名法
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†Xianguangia sinica
Chen & Erdtmann, 1991
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異名
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Chengjiangopenna wangii Galeaplumosus abilus
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先光海葵属(学名:Xianguangia)是一种来自中国澄江生物群的動物,外型與現存的海葵近似。[2]该物种的属名来自中国古生物学家侯先光。
先光海葵体呈圆柱形,口盘周围有一圈近16条触手,与现代珊瑚虫相似。触手呈羽毛状,在轴的两侧有密集的小羽,这很适合滤食。底部的碗形附着盘可能通常被埋在沉积物中,以允许其在海底的固定策略。踏板盘上方的身体宽阔且呈圆柱形,可能对应于内部胃血管腔。它在表面上显示出几个明显的纵向凹槽和脊,表明可能存在肠系膜。[3]然,而它的系统发生亲和力仍然存在疑问;[3]它甚至被指称与埃迪卡拉生物群的成员有关[4]。2010年之後的研究認為,先光海葵屬可能屬於櫛板動物門的幹群,與高足杯蟲屬及大杯蟲屬為近親[5][6]。
这些化石是在中国云南省发现的,最初被描述为三个不同的物种,分别为Xianguangia sinica 、Chengjiangopenna wangii和Galeaplumosus abilus,然后在2017年被提议组合成一个物种,也就是Xianguangia sinica。[7]该物种是息肉状的,它的胃腔被隔膜隔开;它的固定器中有第二个体腔,还有密密麻麻的羽毛状触须,这表明它是滤食性动物。早期的刺胞动物可能也是底栖悬索动物,这与后来主要是掠食性的刺胞动物不同。[7]
- ^ Yang, C.; Li, X.-H.; Zhu, M.; Condon, D. J.; Chen, J. Geochronological constraint on the Cambrian Chengjiang biota, South China (PDF). Journal of the Geological Society. 2018, 175 (4): 659–666 [2023-02-15]. ISSN 0016-7649. doi:10.1144/jgs2017-103. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2022-10-09) (英语).
- ^ Erwin, D. H.; Laflamme, M.; Tweedt, S. M.; Sperling, E. A.; Pisani, D.; Peterson, K. J. The Cambrian Conundrum: Early Divergence and Later Ecological Success in the Early History of Animals. Science. 2011, 334 (6059): 1091–1097. Bibcode:2011Sci...334.1091E. PMID 22116879. S2CID 7737847. doi:10.1126/science.1206375.
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Qian-Ping Leia; et al. Sedentary habits of anthozoa-like animals in the Chengjiang Lagerstätte: Adaptive strategies for Phanerozoic-style soft substrates. Gondwana Research. 2013, 25 (3): 966–974. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.01.007.
- ^ Han, J.; Kubota, S.; Uchida, H. O.; Stanley Jr, G. D.; Yao, X.; Shu, D.; Li, Y.; Yasui, K. Lalueza-Fox, Carles , 编. Tiny Sea Anemone from the Lower Cambrian of China. PLOS ONE. 2010, 5 (10): e13276. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...513276H. PMC 2954142
. PMID 20967244. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013276
.
- ^ Zhao, Yang; Vinther, Jakob; Parry, Luke A.; Wei, Fan; Green, Emily; Pisani, Davide; Hou, Xianguang; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Cong, Peiyun. Cambrian Sessile, Suspension Feeding Stem-Group Ctenophores and Evolution of the Comb Jelly Body Plan. Current Biology. April 2019, 29 (7): 1112–1125.e2. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.036
. hdl:1983/40a6bcb8-a740-482c-a23c-7d563faea5c5
(英语).
- ^ Zhao, Yang; Hou, Xian-guang; Cong, Pei-yun. Tentacular nature of the ‘column’ of the Cambrian diploblastic Xianguangia sinica. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2023-01-01, 21 (1). ISSN 1477-2019. doi:10.1080/14772019.2023.2215787
(英语).
- ^ 7.0 7.1 Ou, Qiang; Han, Jian; Zhang, Zhifei; Shu, Degan; Sun, Ge; Mayer, Georg. Three Cambrian fossils assembled into an extinct body plan of cnidarian affinity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2017-07-31, 114 (33): 8835–8840. PMC 5565419
. PMID 28760981. doi:10.1073/pnas.1701650114
.