Help:古吉拉特語國際音標

下列图表展示了国际音标（IPA）在维基百科条目中表示古吉拉特语发音的方式。对于有关在维基百科条目中添加IPA字符的指南，请参见{{IPA-gu}}与Wikipedia:格式手册/音标 § Notes。

请参阅古吉拉特语音系（英语：Gujarati phonology）以更全面地了解古吉拉特语的发音。

辅音 IPA 古吉拉特文 IAST 英语中的近似发音 b બ b bat bʱ ભ bh clubhhouse β[1] ભ bh 近似 averse d દ d dog ð[1] ધ dh other dʱ ધ dh redhead ɖ ડ ḍ 美式英语 bird ɖʱ ઢ ḍh 美式英语 birdhouse dʒ જ j jack dʒʱ ઝ z hedgehog f[1] ફ ph afraid ɡ ગ g gate ɡʱ ઘ gh loghouse ɣ[1] ઘ gh go, but without completely blocking airflow on the g h ઃ ḥ head ɦ હ h ahead j ય y yak k ક k scold kʰ ખ kh cold l લ l leaf ɭ ળ l 近似 Merlin m મ m much n ન n not ɳ ણ ṇ 近似 burner ɲ ઞ ñ canyon ŋ ઙ ṅ bank p પ p span pʰ ફ ph pan ɾ ર r 美式英语 atom ɽ[2] ડ ḍ 近似 murder ɽʱ[2] ઢ ḍh 无英语对应发音 ɽ̃[2] ણ ṇ 同上，但是鼻化 s[3] સ s sue ʂ[3] ષ ṣ 近似 worship ʃ[3] શ ś sheep t ત t stop tʰ થ th top ʈ ટ ṭ 近似 court ʈʰ ઠ ṭh 近似 tree tʃ ચ c catch tʃʰ છ ch cheese ʋ વ v vine

元音 IPA 古吉拉特文 IAST 英语中的近似发音 ɑ આ, કા ā bra æ cash e એ, કે e pay ɛ ઍ, કૅ â bed ə અ, ક a about i ઇ/ ઈ, કિ/ કી i see o ઓ, કો o story ɔ ઑ, કૉ ô off u ઉ/ ઊ, કુ/ કૂ u look əj ઐ, કૈ ai kite əʋ ઔ, કૌ au house 其他符号 IPA 古吉拉特文 IAST 注释 ◌̃ ં ṃ 鼻化元音 ([õː]等等) ◌̃ ◌̤ 气声[4] ː 长度：鼻化时为长元音 (如[moʈʈũː] ˈ 重读 (置于重读音节前)

注释

1. The voiced aspirated stops /ɡʱ, dʱ, bʱ/ and /pʰ/ have spirant allophones [ɣ, ð, β, f].Cardona & Suthar (2003:665頁)
2. The voiced retroflex stops and the nasal /ɖʱ, ɖ, ɳ/ have flapped allophones [ɽʱ, ɽ, ɽ̃]. Intervocalically all three are flapped. The stops are also flapped when before or after other consonants.Mistry (1997:659頁) The stops are unflapped initially, geminated, and postnasally; and flapped intervocalically, finally, and before or after other consonants.Masica (1991:97頁).
3. While there is dialectal variation in this regard, for Wikipedia transcriptions [ʃ] appears contiguous with palatal segments and [ʂ] appears before retroflex consonants: [spəʂʈ] ('clear').Mistry (1997:658頁)
4. Gujarati contrasts murmured and non-murmured vowels, except for /e/ and /o/.Cardona & Suthar (2003:662頁) Mistry (2003:116頁).

参考文献

• Cardona, George; Suthar, Babu, Gujarati, Cardona, George; Jain, Dhanesh (编), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Routledge, 2003, ISBN 978-0-415-77294-5 
• Masica, Colin, The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2 
• Mistry, P.J., Gujarati Phonology, Kaye, A.S (编), Phonologies of Asia and Africa, Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1997, ISBN 1-57506-019-1 
• Mistry, P.J., Gujarati, Frawley, William (编), International Encyclopedia of Linguistics 2 2nd, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-19-516784-8