兹维基瞬变設施 (英語:Zwicky Transient Facility ,縮寫 作ZTF ,天文台編號 :I41 )是一项宽视场巡天任务 ,以瑞士 天文学家弗里茨·兹维基 命名。[ 1] 該計畫裝設一新型宽视场相機,並安装于美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥县 帕洛玛天文台 的塞缪尔·奥斯钦望远镜 上。它於2018年正式启用,取代在2009至2017年進行的帕洛玛瞬变工厂 。[ 2]
用于此项巡天任务的塞缪尔·奥斯钦望远镜
兹维基瞬变設施主要负责观测可见光和红外線波段,[ 3] 能探测亮度迅速变化的瞬变天体 ,例如超新星 、伽马射线爆 、中子星 合并事件,以及彗星 和小行星 等移动天体。
该设施使用的新型相机由16个CCD 组成,每个CCD的分辨率为6144×6160像素,单次曝光可覆盖47平方度的天区。其观测计划旨在每三天完成一次北半天区的完整巡天,并且每晚两次扫描银河系 平面,极限星等 可达20.5(r波段,5σ)。[ 4] [ 5]
兹维基瞬变設施产生的数据产出量预计达到前代项目帕洛玛瞬变工厂 的十倍。[ 6] 其观测产生的大量数据使其成为维拉·C·鲁宾天文台 的先导项目——后者于2025年全面投入运行,数据规模将比兹维基设施再提升一个量级。 [ 1] [ 4]
2017年11月1日,兹维基瞬变設施在獵戶座 区域成功获得初光 数据。[ 7] [ 8] [ 9]
2018年2月7日,兹维基瞬变設施公布了一颗小型近地小行星 2018 CL,為其首个发现的天體。[ 10] [ 11]
^ 1.0 1.1 Zwicky Transient Facility Opens Its Eyes to the Volatile cosmos . Zwicky Transient Facility. November 14, 2017.
^ 探高計畫 ZTF First Light . 國立清華大學 .
^ Bellm, Eric; et al. The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2019, 131 (995): 018002. Bibcode:2019PASP..131a8002B . S2CID 119410793 . arXiv:1902.01932 . doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aaecbe .
^ 4.0 4.1 Bellm, Eric; Kulkarni, Shrinivas. The unblinking eye on the sky. Nature Astronomy. 2017-03-02, 1 (3): 0071. Bibcode:2017NatAs...1E..71B . ISSN 2397-3366 . S2CID 119365778 . arXiv:1705.10052 . doi:10.1038/s41550-017-0071 .
^ Smith, Roger M.; Dekany, Richard G.; Bebek, Christopher; Bellm, Eric; Bui, Khanh; Cromer, John; Gardner, Paul; Hoff, Matthew; Kaye, Stephen. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/58413/1/Smith_2014p914779.pdf (PDF) . Ramsay; McLean; Takami (编). The Zwicky transient facility observing system . SPIE Proceedings 9147 (International Society for Optics and Photonics). 2014-07-14: 914779. Bibcode:2014SPIE.9147E..79S . doi:10.1117/12.2070014 .
^ Cao, Yi; Nugent, Peter E.; Kasliwal, Mansi M. Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory: Realtime Image Subtraction Pipeline. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2016, 128 (969): 114502. Bibcode:2016PASP..128k4502C . S2CID 39571681 . arXiv:1608.01006 . doi:10.1088/1538-3873/128/969/114502 .
^ Clery, Daniel. New California telescope aims to catch quickly moving celestial events . Science. 2017-11-13 [14 November 2017] .
^ The Zwicky Transient Facility . The Palomar Observatory. [14 November 2017] .
^ Boyle, Alan. Super-wide-angle Zwicky Transient Facility celebrates 'first light' with help from UW . GeekWire. 14 November 2017 [14 November 2017] .
^ Kulkarni, S.R.; et al. The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) begins - ATel #11266 . Astronomer's Telegram . 7 February 2018 [8 February 2018] .
^ Ye, Quan-Zhi; et al. First Discovery of a Small Near Earth Asteroid with ZTF (2018 CL) - ATel #11274 . Astronomer's Telegram . 8 February 2018 [8 February 2018] .
^ Williams, Gareth V. MPEC 2019-J123: COMET C/2019 J2 (Palomar) . Minor Planet Center. [3 November 2019] .
^ Wayt Gibbs, W. Alien comets may be common, object from beyond Solar System suggests . Science. [3 November 2019] .
^ Williams, Gareth V. MPEC 2019-V34 : COMET 2I/Borisov . Minor Planet Center. [3 November 2019] .
^ Bolin, Bryce T; Ahumada, T; van Dokkum, P; Fremling, C; Granvik, M; Hardegree-Ullman, K K; Harikane, Y; Purdum, J N; Serabyn, E; Southworth, J; Zhai, C. The discovery and characterization of (594913) 'Ayló'chaxnim, a kilometre sized asteroid inside the orbit of Venus. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 30 September 2022, 517 (1): L49–L54. arXiv:2208.07253 . doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slac089 .
^ Astronomers find a "cataclysmic" pair of stars with the shortest orbit yet . MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. October 5, 2022.
^ Subrayan, Bhagya M.; Milisavljevic, Dan; Chornock, Ryan; Margutti, Raffaella; Alexander, Kate D.; Ramakrishnan, Vandana; Duffell, Paul C.; Dickinson, Danielle A.; Lee, Kyoung-Soo; Giannios, Dimitrios; Lentner, Geoffery. Scary Barbie: An Extremely Energetic, Long-duration Tidal Disruption Event Candidate without a Detected Host Galaxy at z = 0.995. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2023-05-01, 948 (2): L19. Bibcode:2023ApJ...948L..19S . ISSN 2041-8205 . S2CID 257079239 . arXiv:2302.10932 . doi:10.3847/2041-8213/accf1a .
^ Wiseman, p.; Wang, Y.; Hönig, S.; Castero-Segura, N.; Clark, P.; Frohmaier, C.; Fulton, M. D.; Leloudas, G.; Middleton, M.; Müller-Bravo, T. E.; Mummery, A. Multiwavelength observations of the extraordinary accretion event AT2021lwx. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . July 2023, 522 (3): 3992–4002. arXiv:2303.04412 . doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1000 .
^ Overbye, Dennis . The Biggest Explosion in the Cosmos Just Keeps Going - For three years, telescopes have monitored "one of the most luminous" events ever: a supermassive black hole consuming a gigantic cloud of interstellar gas. . The New York Times . 12 May 2023 [13 May 2023] . (原始内容 存档于12 May 2023).
^ Goodwin, Adelle; Miller-Jones, James. Astronomers witness the dying flare of a star torn apart by a black hole halfway across the Universe . The Conversation. 30 November 2022 [2022-12-27 ] (英语) .
^ Jonathan O’Callaghan. Star ripped up by black hole is one of the brightest things ever seen . New Scientist. Nov 30, 2022.