^Smalleger, Frank; Hall, Daniel. Criminal Law Today 5. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. 2015 [9 September 2017]. ISBN 978-0133008586. (原始内容存档于2017-09-10).
^Scott Mire and Cliff Roberson, The Study of Violent Crime: Its Correlates and Concerns (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011), 138