斯堪的纳维亚人占领下的苏格兰

斯堪的纳维亚人占领下的苏格兰是指8世纪到15世纪期间，诺斯人（維京人、挪威人）及其后裔在蘇格蘭建立的殖民地。這些殖民地位於奥克尼、设德兰、赫布里底群岛、克莱德湾群岛以及凱瑟尼斯和薩瑟蘭。15世纪中叶，蘇格蘭王國開始直接控制奥克尼群岛和设得兰群岛。這意味著蘇格蘭境內的斯堪的纳维亚人殖民地被全部收回 [1]。

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Crawford (1987) p. 200

參考書目

[编辑]
  • Anderson, Alan Orr (1922) Early Sources of Scottish History: A.D. 500 to 1286. 2. Edinburgh. Oliver and Boyd.
  • Armit, Ian (2006) Scotland's Hidden History. Stroud. Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-3764-X
  • Ballin Smith, Beverley "Norwick: Shetland's First Viking Settlement?" in Ballin Smith, Beverley, Taylor, Simon and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. ISBN 90-04-15893-6
  • Barrett, James H. "The Norse in Scotland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) The Viking World. Abingdon. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-33315-6
  • Brink, Stefan (ed.) (2008) The Viking World. London. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-33315-6
  • Burns, W. E. (2009) A Brief History of Great Britain. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 0-8160-7728-2
  • Crawford, Barbara E. (1987) Scandinavian Scotland. Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-1197-2
  • Downham, Clare (2007) Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014. Edinburgh. Dunedin Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-903765-89-0
  • Duffy, Seán. Irishmen and Islesmen in the Kingdom of Dublin and Man 1052–1171. Ériu. 1992, 43 (43): 93–133. JSTOR 30007421. 
  • Fraser, James E. (2009) From Caledonia to Pictland: Scotland to 795. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1232-1
  • Gammeltoft, Peder (2010) "Shetland and Orkney Island-Names – A Dynamic Group". Northern Lights, Northern Words. Selected Papers from the FRLSU Conference, Kirkwall 2009, edited by Robert McColl Millar.
  • Graham-Campbell, James and Batey, Colleen E. (1998) Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-0641-2
  • Gregory, Donald (1881) The History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland 1493–1625. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 2008 reprint – originally published by Thomas D. Morrison. ISBN 1-904607-57-8
  • Haswell-Smith, Hamish. The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. 2004. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7. 
  • Hearn, J. (2000) Claiming Scotland: National Identity and Liberal Culture. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 1-902930-16-9
  • Hunter, James (2000) Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Edinburgh. Mainstream. ISBN 1-84018-376-4
  • Imsen, Steinar "The Scottish-Norwegian Border in the Middle Ages" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
  • Irvine, James M. (ed.) (2006) The Orkneys and Schetland in Blaeu's Atlas Novus of 1654. Ashtead. James M. Irvine. ISBN 0-9544571-2-9
  • Jennings, Andrew and Kruse, Arne "One Coast-Three Peoples: Names and Ethnicity in the Scottish West during the Early Viking period" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
  • Jensen, Judith "The Norse gods in Scotland" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
  • Keay, J. & Keay, J. (1994) Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland. London. HarperCollins.
  • Logan, F. D. (1992) The Vikings in History. London. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-08396-6
  • Marsden, John (2008) "Somerled and the Emergence of Gaelic Scotland". Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-904607-80-9
  • Marwick, Hugh (1952) Orkney Farm-names.
  • McDonald, R. Andrew (2007) Manx Kingship in Its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rognvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty. Dublin. Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1-84682-047-2
  • Munch, P. A. (ed) and Rev. Goss (tr) (1874) Chronica regnum Manniae et insularum: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Volume 1. Douglas, Isle of Man. The Manx Society. Retrieved 9 January 2011.
  • Murray, W. H. (1966) The Hebrides. London. Heinemann.
  • Murray, W. H. (1973) The Islands of Western Scotland. London. Eyre Methuen. ISBN 0-413-30380-2
  • Nicolson, James R. (1972) Shetland. Newton Abbott. David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5548-1
  • Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998) Vikings in Ireland and Scotland in the Ninth Century. CELT.
  • Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2008) "The Vikings and Ireland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) The Viking World. Abingdon. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-33315-6
  • Omand, Donald (ed.) (2003) The Orkney Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-254-9
  • Pálsson, Hermann and Edwards, Paul Geoffrey (1981). Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney. Penguin Classics. ISBN 0-14-044383-5
  • Philip's World Atlas (9th Edition) (1999) London. George Philip Ltd. in association with the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers. ISBN 0-540-07708-9
  • Rollason, D. W. (2003) Northumbria, 500–1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-81335-2
  • Sellar, William David Hamilton. Hebridean sea kings: The successors of Somerled, 1164–1316. Cowan, Edward J.; McDonald, Russell Andrew (编). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the middle ages. Tuckwell Press. 2000. ISBN 978-1-86232-151-9. 
  • Sharples, Niall and Smith, Rachel "Norse settlement in the Western Isles" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
  • Schei, Liv Kjørsvik (2006) The Shetland Isles. Grantown-on-Spey. Colin Baxter Photography. ISBN 978-1-84107-330-9
  • Sheehan, John and Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2010) The Viking Age: Ireland and the West. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Viking Congress. Dublin. Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1-84682-101-1
  • Thomson, William P. L. (2008) The New History of Orkney. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-84158-696-0
  • Watson, W. J. (1994) The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-323-5. First published 1926.
  • Williams, Gareth "The Family of Moddan of Dale" in Ballin Smith, Beverley, Taylor, Simon and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. ISBN 90-04-15893-6
  • Woolf, Alex "The Age of the Sea-Kings: 900–1300" in Omand, Donald (ed.) (2006) The Argyll Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. ISBN 1-84158-480-0
  • Woolf, Alex (2007) From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1234-5
  • Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009) Scandinavian Scotland – Twenty Years After. St Andrews. St Andrews University Press. ISBN 978-0-9512573-7-1