沙巴摩洛袭击

沙巴摩洛襲擊
莫洛衝突的一部分
19世紀至今沙巴摩洛海盜和武裝分子的襲擊
日期 1962 年 12 月 8 日[17] – 至今 (61年11个月2周又2天) 地点 馬來西亞沙巴 结果 沙巴局勢得到控制，跨境襲擊持續發生； 在费迪南德·马科斯的指示下入侵沙巴的“獨立”行動未能實施，馬科斯士兵在賈比達大屠殺中處決了一些摩洛人戰士後，菲律賓南部開始叛亂。 2001年，馬來西亞武裝部隊發現努·密蘇阿里在反抗菲律賓政府失敗後為了躲避菲律賓當局而非法滯留在沙巴的一個島嶼上，之後在東盟友好關係下被驅逐到菲律賓。[18][19] 沙巴非法移民皇家調查委員會於2012年成立，當時沙巴有大量逃離戰亂的棉蘭老島和蘇祿群島的菲律賓非法移民滲透到沙巴。 2013 年，沙巴州數千名菲律賓非法移民被發現在與賈馬魯爾·基拉姆三世追隨者的短暫對峙中與武裝分子勾結，隨後被驅逐出境。 [20][21] 2013 年成立沙巴東部安全司令部和沙巴東部安全區，以打擊菲律賓武裝分子的進一步滲透，並防止菲律賓非法移民大規模逃往沙巴。[22][23] 由於阿布沙耶夫的持續襲擊，沙巴州於 2016 年 4 月 7 日至 2017 年 2 月 1 日期間停止東部水域的跨境貿易。[24][25][26] 馬來西亞、菲律賓和印度尼西亞政府簽署了一項協議，共同打擊蘇祿群島持續存在的違法行為。[27][28]
参战方
马来西亚  沙巴  菲律賓 (after 1986)[1]  印度尼西亞[2]  越南[3]  新加坡[4]  泰國[5] 支持  澳大利亞 (1963–66) (部隊和物資援助)  新西兰 (1963–66) (部隊和物資援助)  英国 (until 1966) (部隊和物資援助)  文莱 (物資援助)[6][7][8][9][10] 邦薩莫洛民兵支持: 莫洛伊斯蘭解放陣線[11] 莫洛民族解放陣線[12][13]	阿布沙耶夫 (2000 年–至今) 摩洛海盜 (1963 年–至今)  蘇祿蘇丹國 (2013 年–至今) 支持: 菲律賓（至 1986 年） 莫洛民族解放陣線 (2001–2015)[14][15][16]
指挥官与领导者
Anwar Ibrahim (Prime Minister of Malaysia) Mohamad Hasan (Minister of Defence) Hajiji Noor (Chief Minister of Sabah) Joko Widodo (President of Indonesia) Murad Ebrahim[29] Mohagher Iqbal[11] Muslimin Sema[30] Former leader PM full list 东姑阿都拉曼 (1962–1970) # 敦阿都拉萨 (1970–1976) # 马哈迪·莫哈末 (1981–2003) 阿都拉·巴达威 (2003–2009) 纳吉·阿都拉萨 (2009–2018) 马哈迪·莫哈末 (2018–2020) 慕尤丁·雅辛 (2020–2021) 依斯迈沙比里 (2021-2022) CM full list Fuad Stephens  † Peter Lo Sui Yin # Mustapha Harun # Mohamed Said Keruak 哈里斯沙烈 Joseph Pairin Kitingan Sakaran Dandai Salleh Said Keruak Yong Teck Lee Bernard Giluk Dompok Osu Sukam Chong Kah Kiat Musa Aman Shafie Apdal PR full list Corazon Aquino (deceased)[31] Fidel V. Ramos[32][33] Joseph Estrada[34] Gloria Macapagal Arroyo[32] Benigno Aquino III[1] Rodrigo Duterte PR full list Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono[35]	Radullan Sahiron (current Emir of Abu Sayyaf) # Abdurajak Janjalani  † Khadaffy Janjalani  † Isnilon Totoni Hapilon  † Phudgal Kiram[36] (Raja Muda of the Sulu Sultanate) Various pirates leader Jamalul Kiram III # Agbimuddin Kiram # Ismael Kiram II[36] # Former support Diosdado Macapagal #[37] Ferdinand Marcos #[38] Nur Misuari (2001–2015)[14][15][16][39][40]
参战单位
NSOF: Malaysian Armed Forces Royal Malaysia Police Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency British coalition (until 1966)  澳大利亞[41]  新西兰海軍[42][43] British troops and navy Armed Forces of the Philippines Philippine National Police Indonesian National Armed Forces Indonesian National Police	Abu Sayyaf Moro Pirates Royal Security Forces of the Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo
兵力
Malaysian security forces: Malaysian Army 6000+ troops[44] 18 ACV-300 Adnan IFV 12 DefTech AV8 AFV Some of AV4 Lipanbara MRAP Some of Condor APC Royal Malaysian Air Force A squadron of BAE Hawk 3 F/A-18D Hornet Some of Eurocopter EC725 Royal Malaysian Navy Some of ships from Eastern Fleet British coalition (until 1966) Australian forces “HMAS”号Tobruk[41] “HMAS”号Sydney (R17) New Zealand forces Patrol ships[42] British forces Thousands British troops Philippine security forces: uncertain Indonesian security forces: uncertain Law abiding Moro rebels: uncertain	Abu Sayyaf: unknown Kiram followers: 235[45] Moro Pirates: unknown
伤亡与损失
Malaysian security forces: ≈12+ deaths[46][47][48] and 13 wounded[47][49] recorded British coalition (until 1966) uncertain Philippine security forces: uncertain[note 1] Indonesian security forces: uncertain Law abiding Moro rebels: uncertain[note 2]	Abu Sayyaf: ~estimated 21+ killed[49][50][51][52][53][54] 3 wounded[49][55][56] +10 captured Kiram followers: 58 killed[47][57] 3 wounded[47] Moro Pirates: Hundreds killed[50]
平民傷亡 ~估計超過 50 人被殺[46][47][58][59][60][61] ~估計 23 人受傷[47][60]

沙巴摩洛袭击是1962年至今，在马来西亚沙巴发生的一系列来自菲律宾摩洛人的攻击。许多平民这些事故中死亡或遭遇，引起沙巴土著人民之间增加了抗菲律宾情绪。^[62][63]

参考

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2. Febrianto. Indonesia Tak Boleh Tunduk Terhadap Terorisme Abus Sayyaf! [Indonesia Cannot Bow to Terrorism of Abu Sayyaf!]. Rima News. 29 March 2016 [30 March 2016]. （原始内容存档于25 April 2016） （印度尼西亚语）. 
3. Vietnamese ships to get piracy warnings. Vietnam News Agency. Vietnam Net. 4 May 2016 [4 September 2016]. （原始内容存档于4 September 2016）. 
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16. Karlos Manlupig. MNLF denies talks with Malaysia over Sabah. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 17 May 2015 [18 May 2015]. （原始内容存档于17 May 2015）. Misuari, who is hiding after the hostilities in Zamboanga in 2013, maintains his position that only the Sultanate of Sulu can pursue the negotiations for the Sabah claim. Respecting the fervent wish of the late Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Kiram III to let alone the Islamic Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo (SSNB) to negotiate peacefully with the Muslim leaders of Malaysia to settle the controversial issue in order not to repeat the March 2013 Lahad Datu, Sabah incident, Chairman Misuari has dismissed the media reports as unfounded and without any ounce of truth involving the MNLF in any level talks. The MNLF, however, asserted that the Sabah case is a non-issue because it is the "home-base for different tribal groupings of Muslims from different regions of Southeast Asia that have enjoyed peaceful and harmonious co-existence with the Chinese and Christian populace in the area. 
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41. Ian Pfennigwerth. Tiger Territory: The Untold Story of the Royal Australian Navy in Southeast Asia from 1948 to 1971. Rosenberg. 2008: 69–. ISBN 978-1-877058-65-3. ^{[失效連結]}
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53. Police shoot dead Filipino wanted criminal in shootout. Bernama. The Sun. 29 September 2017 [16 October 2017]. ^{[失效連結]}
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56. Two gunmen on the loose in Malaysia with hostage in tow. The Straits Times. The Star/Asia News Network. 9 December 2016 [9 December 2016]. 
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62. Marcos order: Destabilize, take Sabah. Philippine Daily Inquirer. 2004月2日 [2016年9月12日]. （原始内容存档于2016年5月9日）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)
63. Masayuki Doi. Filipino pirates wreak havoc in a Malaysian island paradise. The Sydney Morning Herald. 1985年10月30日 [2016年9月12日]. （原始内容存档于2016年4月29日）. 

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