活性代謝產物(active metabolite)是藥物經代謝後產出，具有生理活性的分子。
藥物分子經身體代謝，被修改後仍繼續對身體造成影響者，即為活性代謝產物。 通常這些影響與原分子相似且較弱，但仍可有可觀影響(如11-hydroxy-THC, morphine-6-glucuronide)。 有些藥如可待因以及曲马多有比母藥強的代謝產物(各自為嗎啡 以及O-desmethyltramadol )[1][2][3]， 在這些案例代謝產物可能為療效貢獻了一大部分。 有時代謝產物具有毒性，必須小心監控以避免在體內累積。如哌替啶和dextropropoxyphene.[3][4]
有些藥物一開始的狀態沒有活性，被設計成在體內代謝後產生活性成分。這類藥物叫做前驅藥物。藥物被如此設計可能是因為:藥物在製造及儲存階段更穩定。或是更能被身體吸收，擁有較好的药物代谢动力学特性。(如 lisdexamphetamine).[5]
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