父母管理訓練(英文:Parent Training in Behavior Therapy 、Behavior Management Training for Parents, Parent Behavior Therapy、 Behavioral Parent Training、或 Parent Training)是行為治療的一部份。父母管理訓練是系列性的治療方案,教授家長正向增強的一些方法,來改善學齡前兒童及學齡兒童的行為情形(如過動、易怒、難以遵照指令等)[1]。
父母管教訓練的主旋律就是教導如何正向的強化孩子適當的行為。
總體來說,父母將學到透過交際回饋(Social rewards)(例如:稱讚、笑容、擁抱等)方式及具體報酬(concrete rewards)(例如:給予貼紙或點數並和孩子約好集滿一定的點數或貼紙就可以得到另一個更大的回饋)來酬賞孩子適當的言行。[6]:216
除此之外,父母將學會先為孩子設立簡單的目標以及將一個大目標分拆為許多小目標,並在孩子達成一個小目標時給予正向回饋。(this concept is called "successive approximations").[6]:216[9]:162
^Menting AT, Orobio de Castro B, Matthys W. Effectiveness of the Incredible Years parent training to modify disruptive and prosocial child behavior: a meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev. December 2013, 33 (8): 901–13. PMID 23994367. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.07.006.
^ 4.04.1Michelson D, Davenport C, Dretzke J, Barlow J, Day C. Do evidence-based interventions work when tested in the "real world?" A systematic review and meta-analysis of parent management training for the treatment of child disruptive behavior. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. March 2013, 16 (1): 18–34. PMID 23420407. doi:10.1007/s10567-013-0128-0.
^ 5.05.15.2Furlong M, McGilloway S, Bywater T, Hutchings J, Smith SM, Donnelly M. Cochrane review: behavioural and cognitive-behavioural group-based parenting programmes for early-onset conduct problems in children aged 3 to 12 years (Review). Evid Based Child Health. March 2013, 8 (2): 318–692. PMID 23877886. doi:10.1002/ebch.1905.
^ 6.06.16.26.36.46.5Kazdin AE (2010). Problem-solving skills training and parent management training for oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder. Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (2nd ed.), 211–226. New York: Guilford Press.
^Pfiffner LJ, Haack LM. Behavior management for school-aged children with ADHD. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. October 2014, 23 (4): 731–46. PMID 25220083. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2014.05.014.
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Furlong M, McGilloway S, Bywater T, Hutchings J, Smith SM, Donnelly M. Cochrane review: behavioural and cognitive-behavioural group-based parenting programmes for early-onset conduct problems in children aged 3 to 12 years (Review). Evid Based Child Health. March 2013, 8 (2): 318–692. PMID 23877886. doi:10.1002/ebch.1905.
^ 9.09.19.29.39.49.5
Forgatch MS, Patterson GR. Parent management training — Oregon model: An intervention for antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (2nd ed.), 2. New York: Guilford Press. 2010: 159–78.
^ 10.010.1Barkley RA (2013). Defiant children: A clinician's manual for assessment and parent training. New York: Guilford Press.