通用第二因素(英語:Universal 2nd Factor,縮寫U2F)是一个开放认证标准[1],使用专门的USB或NFC设备来加强[2]并简化[3]双因素认证,基于在智能卡[4]中使用的类似安全技术[5]。它最初由Google和YubiKey开发,含有NXP的贡献,该标准[6]目前由FIDO联盟运作管理。[3][7]
U2F安全钥匙可作为一种额外的在线服务两步验证方式,Google[8]、Dropbox[9]、GitHub[10]、Gitlab[11]、Bitbucket[12]、Nextcloud[13]、Facebook[14]等服务[15]已提供支持。
Google Chrome 38版和Opera 40版起支援U2F。微软计划在Windows 10[16]和Edge浏览器[17]中支持FIDO 2.0。Mozilla正在向Firefox增添支持,目前可以安裝附加元件方式支援,在Firefox 57以上版本則可設定瀏覽器原生支援。[18][19][20]
- ^ Turner, Adam. Google security keys may offer extra layer of online protection. The Sydney Morning Herald. Fairfax Media. 2014-11-05 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2015-01-15).
- ^ 使用安全密钥进行两步验证. Google Inc. [2015-12-07]. (原始内容存档于2016-06-03).
- ^ 3.0 3.1 Bradley, Tony. How a USB key drive could remove the hassles from two-factor authentication. PCWorld. IDG Consumer & SMB. 2014-10-21 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-12).
- ^ FIDO Universal 2nd Factor. Yubico AB. [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-19).
- ^ Diallo, Amadou. Google Wants To Make Your Passwords Obsolete. Forbes. Forbes.com LLC. 2013-11-30 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2015-12-17).
- ^ FIDO Alliance – download specifications. FIDO Alliance. [2015-10-13]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-24).
- ^ Krebs, Brian. Google Accounts Now Support Security Keys. Krebs on Security. 2014-10-14 [2014-11-28]. (原始内容存档于2021-01-21).
- ^ What browsers support U2F?. Yubico. [August 17, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017年8月18日).
- ^ Heim, Patrick; Patel, Jay. Introducing U2F support for secure authentication. Dropbox Blog. August 12, 2015 [August 12, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2018-11-15).
- ^ Olsen, Risk. GitHub supports Universal 2nd Factor authentication. github.com/blog. GitHub. October 1, 2015 [October 1, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-17).
- ^ Nwaigwe, Amara. Support for Universal 2nd Factor Authentication. GitLab Blog. June 22, 2016 [July 9, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-31).
- ^ Kells, TJ. Universal 2nd Factor (U2F) now supported in Bitbucket Cloud. Bitbucket Blog. June 22, 2016 [June 22, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2018-08-08).
- ^ Nextcloud 11 sets new standard for security and scalability. Nextcloud. [23 December 2016]. (原始内容存档于2019-05-21).
- ^ Security Key for safer logins with a touch. Facebook. [27 January 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-16).
- ^ USB-Dongle Authentication. Josh Davis. [22 February 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-23).
- ^ Ingalls, Dustin. Microsoft Announces FIDO Support Coming to Windows 10. Windows Blog. 2015-02-13 [2015-10-03]. (原始内容存档于2015-10-04).
- ^ Developer Resources - Platform Status. Microsoft Edge Dev. [2015-10-03]. (原始内容存档于2015年10月4日).
- ^ Bug 1065729 - Implement the FIDO Alliance u2f javascript API. Mozilla Bugtracker. [November 2, 2015]. (原始内容存档于2021-05-10).
- ^ U2F Support Addon. [May 8, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-24).
- ^ Firefox Nightly enables support for FIDO U2F Security Keys. Yubico blog. [September 27, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2017-09-27).