间酪胺 | |
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IUPAC名 3-(2-Aminoethyl)phenol | |
别名 | m-Tyramine; 3-Tyramine; 3-Hydroxyphenylethylamine |
识别 | |
CAS号 | 588-05-6 |
PubChem | 11492 |
ChemSpider | 11008 |
SMILES |
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InChI |
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ChEBI | 89626 |
性质 | |
化学式 | C8H11NO |
摩尔质量 | 137.18 g·mol−1 |
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 |
间酪胺(Meta-Tyramine),或称3-酪胺,是一种神经调节中的内源性痕量胺。它是苯乙胺的结构类似物,[1][2][3]也是对酪胺(即酪胺)的位置异构体。且与对酪胺相似的是,间酪胺也对肾上腺素和多巴胺系统有影响。[4][5]
间酪胺通过芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶控制的间酪氨酸代谢产生,可通过大脑的CYP2D6酶代谢为多巴胺。[6]
The highest level of brain CYP2D activity was found in the substantia nigra ... The in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the contribution of the alternative CYP2D-mediated dopamine synthesis to the concentration of this neurotransmitter although the classic biosynthetic route to dopamine from tyrosine is active. ... Tyramine levels are especially high in the basal ganglia and limbic system, which are thought to be related to individual behavior and emotion (Yu et al., 2003c). ... Rat CYP2D isoforms (2D2/2D4/2D18) are less efficient than human CYP2D6 for the generation of dopamine from p-tyramine. The Km values of the CYP2D isoforms are as follows: CYP2D6 (87–121 μm) ≈ CYP2D2 ≈ CYP2D18 > CYP2D4 (256 μm) for m-tyramine and CYP2D4 (433 μm) > CYP2D2 ≈ CYP2D6 > CYP2D18 (688 μm) for p-tyramine