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Claris

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For the Japanese band, see ClariS.

Claris International Inc.
Company type
Subsidiary
IndustrySoftware
Founded1987; 39 years ago (1987)
HeadquartersCupertino, California
Key people
Ryan McCann (CEO)
ProductsFileMaker
Claris Connect
ParentApple Inc.
Websiteclaris.com

Claris International Inc., formerly FileMaker Inc., is an American software company owned by Apple Inc. Apple formed the company in 1987 to manage and market application software separately from Apple's hardware and operating-system businesses. During its first period under the Claris name, the company published Macintosh and Apple II software including MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, AppleWorks, ClarisWorks, Claris Emailer, Claris Home Page, and FileMaker. Apple reorganized Claris as FileMaker Inc. in 1998, when the subsidiary narrowed its focus to the FileMaker database product line. FileMaker Inc. restored the Claris name in 2019 after acquiring the integration startup Stamplay, whose product became Claris Connect.

History

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Apple software subsidiary

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Low-rise office building formerly used as Claris headquarters in Santa Clara, California
Former Claris headquarters in Santa Clara, California

Apple announced plans in April 1987 to spin off its application software business into a separate subsidiary.[1] The company began with five major Apple software products and about $50 million in annual revenue, and Apple expected it to become independent within 18 months.[2] Apple retained ownership of the new company, which was based in the Silicon Valley area and initially led by Apple executive Bill Campbell.[2]

Claris was formed partly to reduce tension between Apple and third-party Macintosh developers. Apple had shipped early Macintosh computers with MacWrite and MacPaint, giving buyers useful bundled software but also competing with independent developers selling similar programs.[1] Apple transferred products such as MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, and AppleWorks to the new subsidiary.[3]

In 1988, Claris acquired the database application FileMaker from Nashoba Systems and released it as FileMaker II.[4] FileMaker became one of Claris's most durable products. The company released FileMaker Pro in 1990 and a cross-platform version for Macintosh and Windows in 1992.[5]

Products in the 1990s

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ClarisWorks, an integrated office suite created by former Claris employees Bob Hearn and Scott Holdaway, was released for Macintosh in 1991.[6] The product was separate from the earlier Apple II AppleWorks line, though it later inherited the AppleWorks name after being moved back to Apple.[6]

Claris also developed and published a broader line of Macintosh software. Its "Pro" applications included MacWrite Pro, MacDraw Pro, and FileMaker Pro. Claris bought rights to the Macintosh version of the Wingz spreadsheet and released it as Claris Resolve.[7] Other products included Claris Emailer, Claris CAD, ClarisDraw, Claris Organizer, Claris Impact, and Claris Home Page.[8][9]

Claris Home Page included tools for building database-driven websites with FileMaker Pro 4.1 and Claris Dynamic Markup Language (CDML).[10] CDML later survived mainly as a historical term associated with FileMaker's older web-publishing tools.[11]

FileMaker Inc.

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Apple kept Claris as a wholly owned subsidiary rather than completing the independent spin-off originally contemplated in 1987.[3] In January 1998, Apple announced that Claris would be reorganized around FileMaker Pro, lay off about 300 employees, and change its name to FileMaker Inc.[12] Apple took over distribution of ClarisWorks and Mac OS products, while FileMaker Inc. continued to develop and market FileMaker Pro.[12]

FileMaker Inc. remained an Apple subsidiary after the reorganization. It later released Bento, a personal database application for Mac OS X, in 2008. Bento was discontinued in 2013.[13]

Return to the Claris name

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FileMaker Inc. announced in August 2019 that it was restoring the Claris name and becoming Claris International Inc.[3] The rebrand followed its acquisition of Stamplay, an Italian startup whose integration product was renamed Claris Connect.[14] TechCrunch reported that the FileMaker product line would continue under the Claris FileMaker name.[3]

Claris named Ryan McCann chief executive officer in 2026.[15] As of 2026, the company's principal products were Claris FileMaker, a low-code custom app and database platform, and Claris Connect, a workflow automation and app-integration service.[16][17]

Products

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Main article: FileMaker

Claris's historical products included the Apple-originated MacWrite, MacPaint, MacDraw, MacProject, and AppleWorks applications; FileMaker and FileMaker Pro; the ClarisWorks integrated suite; and later products such as Claris Emailer, Claris Resolve, Claris Impact, Claris Organizer, Claris CAD, and Claris Home Page. Most non-FileMaker products were either moved back to Apple, discontinued, or left unsupported after the 1998 restructuring.[12][3]

The current Claris product line centers on FileMaker and Claris Connect. FileMaker integrates a database engine, graphical development tools, scripting, security features, and client/server deployment options for building business applications.[18] Claris Connect is marketed as a workflow automation service for connecting business applications and web services.[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Pollack, Andrew (April 29, 1987). "Apple to Spin Off Software Business". The New York Times. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  2. ^ a b Ryan, Alan J.; Pitta, Julie (November 2, 1987). "Challengers: Computer Associates, Claris Corp". Computerworld. Vol. 21, no. 44. p. SR19. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  3. ^ a b c d e Lardinois, Frederic (August 6, 2019). "Apple subsidiary FileMaker Inc. changes its name (back) to Claris". TechCrunch. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  4. ^ "Apple Unit Buys Software Concern". The New York Times. July 19, 1988. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  5. ^ Flynn, Laurie (September 7, 1992). "Claris ships FileMaker Pro for Windows". InfoWorld. Vol. 14, no. 36. p. 20. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  6. ^ a b Hearn, Bob (2003). "A Brief History of ClarisWorks". Massachusetts Institute of Technology Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  7. ^ Benjamin, Louis E. Jr.; Zilber, Jon (June 1992). "New Dimensions in Spreadsheets". MacUser. Vol. 8, no. 6. p. 32. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  8. ^ Flynn, Laurie (January 9, 1989). "Claris Finally Releases Forms Packages for Mac". InfoWorld. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  9. ^ "To Home Page and Back Again". TidBITS. March 30, 1998. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  10. ^ "CDML tags". University of Utah. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  11. ^ "Converting FileMaker databases from previous versions". Claris International. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  12. ^ a b c Wired News Report (January 27, 1998). "Claris to Lay Off 300, Change Name to FileMaker Inc". Wired. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  13. ^ "FileMaker, Inc. announces Bento retirement". Claris International. July 31, 2013. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  14. ^ Finley, Klint (August 6, 2019). "Attention Apple Retro-Heads: Claris is Back!". Wired. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  15. ^ "Claris is proud to announce Ryan McCann named Claris CEO". Claris International. May 13, 2026. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  16. ^ "Claris FileMaker". Claris International. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  17. ^ "Claris Connect". Claris International. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  18. ^ "Claris FileMaker". Claris International. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
  19. ^ "Workflow Automation for Integrating Apps — Claris Connect". Claris International. Retrieved May 24, 2026.
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