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Capture of Amberd
Date1196
Location
Amberd Fortress, Aragatsotn, Armenia
Result Zakarid–Georgian victory
Territorial
changes
Amberd succesfully captured by Zakarid–Georgian forces
Belligerents
Zakarid–Georgian forces Shaddadids
Commanders and leaders
Zakare II Zakarian
Ivane Zakarian
Unknown

The Capture of Amberd took place in 1196, when Zakarid-led Armenia and Georgian forces recaptured the fortress of Amberd from Seljuk control during the reign of Queen Tamar of Georgia.

Background

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Amberd Fortress had been under Seljuk control since the 11th century. Under Seljuk rule, it served as an important military outpost for securing Seljuk interests in Armenia. By the late 12th century, the Seljuk empire was severely weakened due to internal conflicts and increasing threat from the Georgians and their Armenian allies. During the late 12th century, the Zakarid brothers Zakare Zakarian and Ivane Zakarian, Armenian nobles serving the Georgian crown, led campaigns to reclaim former Armenian territories.[1][2][3]

Capture

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The campaign against Amberd was part of a broader Georgian-Armenian campaign against the kurdish dynasty of the Shaddadids, supported by the Seljuk turks. The advancing forces laid siege to Amberd in 1196. The Shaddadids, facing immense pressure and a lack of supplies, were ultimately forced to surrender. The fortress was captured, and Amberd was transferred to the Zakarids under Georgian suzerainty. [4][5]

Aftermath

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Following its capture, Amberd became a key stronghold under the Zakarid dynasty, which was under Georgian suzerainty. The fortress was later given to and administered by the Vachutian family, which was loyal to the zakariads. The fortress retained a significant political and strategical advantage until the Mongol invasion of 1236, when it was destroyed and lost its significance, leading to it being abandoned.[6][7][8][9]

References

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  1. ^ "https://armeniahiddengems.aua.am/monument/amberd-fortress". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  2. ^ "Amberd Fortress". Crossing Frontiers. Retrieved 2026-01-14.
  3. ^ "Amberd Fortress". araratour.com. Retrieved 2026-01-14.
  4. ^ "https://armeniahiddengems.aua.am/monument/amberd-fortress". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  5. ^ "https://www.armenianexplorer.com/article/amberd-fortress%3A-the-history%2C-rise-and-fall-of-this-megalithic-marvel". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  6. ^ "https://armeniahiddengems.aua.am/monument/amberd-fortress". {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
  7. ^ armeniangeographic. "Amberd Fortress – Armenian Geographic". Armenian Geographic - ArmGeo.am. Retrieved 2026-01-14.
  8. ^ "Amberd Fortress". araratour.com. Retrieved 2026-01-14.
  9. ^ Global, AIST. "Amberd Fortress". armeniadiscovery.com. Retrieved 2026-01-14.

[1]

  1. ^ Hovannisian, Richard G. The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times. St. Martin’s Press, 1997.