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ESARDA
The European Safeguards Research and Development Association
Location
  • Ispra, Italy
Websiteesarda.eu

The European Safeguards Research and Development Association (ESARDA) is an association that was created in 1969 after a series of agreements between the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) and research organizations. The control of civil nuclear material is required within EU territory following the treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy community (Euratom Treaty).[1]. ESARDA is initially formed of organizations actively involved in the research and development of nuclear safeguards, but its network has expanded within the years and now includes national regulatory authorities, operators of nuclear facilities, and research centers and universities.

Over the decades, ESARDA has changed into a leading platform for exchanging knowledge and advancing innovation in nuclear safeguards[2] . It supports its mission through technical working groups, training courses, and its annual ESARDA symposium. The ESARDA symposium serves as a key event for the international safeguards community[3]. ESARDA also works closely with the International Atomic Energy Agency, this relationship helps reinforce ESARDA's role in shaping and enforcing global standards for nuclear non-proliferation[4].

The association is ruled by a steering committee that is formed by all parties of the agreement [5]. Each party has a single vote and associated and individual members do not have voting rights but are allowed to attend meetings. The steering committee elects a president and a vice president, and they serve 2-year terms[6]. - The association is managed by an executive board whose members are elected by the steering committee and serve 4-year terms. There are a total of 7 members of the executive board complemented by the president, Vice-President, past president and secretary. The Euratom Safeguards Office has a permanent observer in the Executive Board[7]. The Editorial Committee develops and disseminates the Bulletin and the Connector, acts as a scientific committee to review submissions to the Bulletin and identify peer reviewers, and manages communications related to the ESARDA Symposium and the Annual Meeting[8].

Mission

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The mission of ESARDA is to promote the exchange of information and ideas between nuclear facility operators, safeguards authorities, and persons engaged in research and development. They do this through a variety of internal and external activities. Some of the internal activities that are held are the working groups, collaboration between organizations and management bodies. The external activities include specialized meetings, ESARDA publications, and the organizations symposium. The symposium is a yearly meeting that is used for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation to share their research and discuss challenges and advancements effecting the nuclear industry[9].

Working Groups

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ESARDA is formed from working groups that preform much of the safeguards research and development work that takes place within the Association. There are a total of 9 working groups.

The Containment and Surveillance (C/S) working group provides the safeguards community with advice and information about C/S. They work closely with both the IAEA and the European Commission to advise them on how to improve C/S processes.

The Techniques and Standards for Destructive Analysis (DA) working group provides the safeguards community with advice and expertise on destructive analysis for Nuclear Material Accounting and Safeguards[10]. They also maintain a list of international target values (ITV) of uncertainties to support the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) goal of promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy is to implement safeguards measures to detect and deter the misuse of nuclear material and technology[11]

The Export Control (EXP) working group is a research, discussion, and exchange forum for export issues faced by members. The group shares best practices and takes advantage of ESARDA’s board and members to research and identify export control techniques.

The Final Disposal (FD) working group provides the safeguarding community with implementation and research about ways to the disposal of radioactive waste and spent fuel[12]. They also review international disposal efforts and check for any issues that are related to safeguarding nuclear materials.

The Implementation of Safeguards (IS) working group's goal is to provide the safeguarding community with proposal and advice on the implementation of safeguarding concepts. The working group maintains a list of safeguarding approaches and implementations for the exchange of information to maintain the transparency of safeguarding efforts.

The Techniques and Standards for Non-Destructive Analysis (NDA) working group is similar to the DA working group but focuses on non-destructive analysis. It is used for the exchange of information and best practices related to NDA. It is used to connect national, regional, and international control authorities, plant operators, and R&D laboratories on NDA practices.

The Material Balance Evaluation (MBE) is used for the exchange of information on the best practices for MBE in bulk handling facilities. It also contributes international guidelines through ESARDA publication. It is also one of the new working groups being formed in 2020.

The Training and Knowledge Management (TKM) working group promotes nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation through education and training[13]. They organize ESARDA courses on nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation. The ESARDA courses are a yearly even held since 2005 open to master’s degree students, in particular nuclear engineering students, but also to young professionals and International Relations / law students.

The Verification Technologies and Methodologies (VTM) working group discusses general verification topics such as the role of openness and transparency in verification regimes, inspection models, processes for information-gathering from open sources, satellite imagery, environmental monitoring, infrasound monitoring unattended remote monitoring systems, and geophysical monitoring techniques.

Members

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ESARDA is formed of both ESARDA parties and Associated parties. The ESARDA parties are full members that are based within the EU. As of October 14th 2025, there are 37 ESARDA parties and they are:

As of October 14th 2025, there are also 16 associated members that are based around the world, and they are:

ESARDA also hold collaborations agreements with other nuclear safeguard organizations. As of October 14th 2025, ESARDA holds collaboration agreements with the following organizations:

Publications

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ESARDA publishes two different publications. They publish the Bulletin which is the longest standing publication that the association releases. It was first published in 1982 and was first used to inform people about the latest news and activities of ESARDA[14]. It later evolved into show casing technical and academic papers. It has now fully become an academic journal. Since 2020 the Bulletin has been included in the Scopus citation database[15]. The Bulletin is the only fully dedicated to the area of nuclear safeguards included in the database. The European Commission’s Publication Office publishes the ESARDA Bulletin.

The other publication that ESARDA releases is the ESARDA Connector. The Connector is a biannual e-newsletter. It includes articles from management, the secretary, news and events. It also includes featured articles, working groups reports and non-peer-reviewed technical articles.

References

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  1. ^ European Atomic Energy Community. (2012). Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom Treaty). Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A12012A%2FTXT
  2. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). About ESARDA. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about
  3. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). ESARDA Symposium. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about/esarda-bulletin-and-web-site_en
  4. ^ International Atomic Energy Agency. (n.d.). IAEA Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.iaea.org/about/partnerships
  5. ^ Euratom. (n.d.). Governance Structure. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about_en
  6. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). About ESARDA. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about
  7. ^ European Commission. (n.d.). Euratom Safeguards Office. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/energy/topics/nuclear-safety-and-security/euratom-safeguards-office_en
  8. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). Editorial Committee. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about_en
  9. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). ESARDA Symposium. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/about/esarda-bulletin-and-web-site_en
  10. ^ International Atomic Energy Agency. (n.d.). Destructive Analysis Techniques. Retrieved from https://www.iaea.org/topics/other-non-destructive-testing
  11. ^ International Atomic Energy Agency. (n.d.). Nuclear Material Accounting and Safeguards. Retrieved from https://www.iaea.org/publications/7828/nuclear-material-accounting-handbook
  12. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). Final Disposal Working Group. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/working-groups/final-disposal-fd_en
  13. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). Training and Knowledge Management Working Group. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/working-groups/training-and-knowledge-management-tkm_en
  14. ^ European Safeguards Research and Development Association. (n.d.). Bulletin Publication History. Retrieved from https://esarda.jrc.ec.europa.eu/publications-0/esarda-bulletin_en
  15. ^ Scopus. (n.d.). Scopus Content Coverage Guide. Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/scopus/how-scopus-works/content