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Heullari/Hullari[1] ( 흘라리 ) is the name of a traditional folk song[2][3] from South Hamgyong[4], North Korea[5] and was the nickname of a local flautist who lived near a spring who was from/lived in a village called Moraedok, Pukchong county, South Hamgyong province in Korea.[6] The song is lively and usually played at mass dances.[7][8] These mass dances usually take places during events such as national holidays, balls and the Leader’s birthday.[9] Since 1985 the North Korean government has promoted these mass dances at schools, workplaces and institutions.[10]

Heullari and the Samjinnal festival

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On Samjinnal (the 3rd day of the 3rd month of each lunar calendar) the people of Moraedok would come together to dance and hit gourds inside water basins and bang upside buckets to keep the beat[11] On this festival the local flautist/trumpeter[12] Heullari/Hullari would come to perform and would liven up the mood.[13] Eventually his name became associated with the song. Heullari probably existed in the 14th-15th Centuries CE, at the start of the Joseon era, however no one knows for sure when Heullari existed and the details of his life other than being a flautist are unknown. The song had undergone various versions and adaptations and the original lyrics are unknown.

Song and Versions

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Pochonbo Electric Ensemble Logo

In North Korea the song is popular nationwide and has been made into various versions[14], the most famous being the version by the Ponchonbo Electronic Ensemble which can be found in the Ponchonbo Electronic Ensemble’s Album Volume 5.[15][16] The P.E.E version is a total of five minutes long.[17][18][19] The modern versions contain synthesisers, female singers and flute-like instruments (or Flute settings on a keyboard), typical of North Korean songs from the 1980s to present day. The modern versions date from after 1945, as the song refers to workmen (a socialist theme used in North Korean media and propaganda), and uses the verb ending “ 자요” which comes from the Pyongyang province, the song also refers to mass dances which became popular after the the 1940s. According to one site the song was arranged by Ku Sang Hae (not to be confused with the Korean Poet Ku Sang).[20] The word “Heullari” is used often in the song[21], the word doesn’t have a meaning[22] but is used as a Vocable (Like “La-La-La” in English), and the song is represented as a lively poem.[23] The Wanjaesan band also made their own version of Heullari which is an instrumental version of the song.[24] The song is also mentioned alongside other traditional Pukchong songs such as “Dondollari”, “Namu Taryeong”, “Eorang Taryeong” and “Hamgyeong-do Nongbuga.” [11][25]

There are also South Korean versions of the song[26] The song Heullari also spread to China with Korean migrations and it is said that the Daur people also have a version of the song influenced by the Korean Version.[27]

References

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  1. ^ "Stanford University search works". searchworks.stanford.edu. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  2. ^ "北, 전통 춤곡 '흘라리' 유래 소개 | DailyNK" (in Korean). 2005-10-12. Retrieved 2025-11-10.
  3. ^ "Wayback Machine". www.naenara.com.kp. Archived from the original on 2025-10-06. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  4. ^ 朝鮮文學研究 (in Korean). 天地出版. 1999. ISBN 978-89-88836-08-8.
  5. ^ Harris, Rachel; Pease, Rowan (2015-05-01). Pieces of the Musical World: Sounds and Cultures. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-93502-5.
  6. ^ "North Korean Folksong: Heulrali (흘라리)". For now we see through a mirror, darkly... 2012-09-03. Retrieved 2025-11-10.
  7. ^ "Largest event of the Jangbaek (Changbai) Korean community". korean.people.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  8. ^ "YNA Korea". 23rd June 2014. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ "Min plus news".
  10. ^ "북의 군중무용은 "이민위천"의 전형이다". 현장언론 민플러스 (in Korean). 2021-03-19. Archived from the original on 2025-03-29. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  11. ^ a b "NK Chosun: Origins of Hullari and Dondollari". 29/10/2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ "Newstream". KCNA Watch. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  13. ^ "北, 전통 춤곡 '흘라리' 유래 소개 | DailyNK" (in Korean). 2005-10-12. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  14. ^ "[신민요] "훌라리" - 조금화 노래". 잠용의 타임머신... 영원한 시간 속에서 (in Korean). 2021-09-07. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  15. ^ "보천보 전자 악단. 제 5집 = Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble. vol. 5 | WorldCat.org". search.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  16. ^ "Release "The Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble" by The Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble - MusicBrainz". musicbrainz.org. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
  17. ^ Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble - Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble, 2015, retrieved 2025-11-10
  18. ^ "Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble - Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble". Album of The Year. Retrieved 2025-11-10.
  19. ^ Heullari | Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble Lyrics, Meaning & Videos, retrieved 2025-11-11
  20. ^ Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble - Hullari(흘라리), retrieved 2025-11-11
  21. ^ North Korea Uncovered (2019-09-04). Heullari (흘라리) - English Translation - North Korean Songs in English. Retrieved 2025-11-10 – via YouTube.
  22. ^ 새 세대 (in Korean). 조선 사회주의 로동 청년 동맹 출판사. 1966.
  23. ^ 東洋音樂 (in Korean). Asian Music Research Institute. 2006.
  24. ^ "[Light Music] Hullari". Explore DPRK. Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  25. ^ 천리마 (in Korean). 천리마사. 2001.
  26. ^ "흘라리 / 김민주 연주 / 최혜란 지도". m.cafe.daum.net (in Korean). Retrieved 2025-11-13.
  27. ^ 정인순 (June 2013). "조선족민요가 타민족예술문화에 끼친 영향 : 민요〈흘라리〉를 중심으로 :민요〈흘라리〉를 중심으로". 국악교육 (in Korean). 35: 129–149. ISSN 1225-0651.

External Sources

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