| Ludlow | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A map of Earth as it appeared 425 million years ago during the Ludlow Epoch, Ludfordian Age | |||||||||||||
| Chronology | |||||||||||||
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| Etymology | |||||||||||||
| Name formality | Formal | ||||||||||||
| Name ratified | 1980[4] | ||||||||||||
| Usage information | |||||||||||||
| Celestial body | Earth | ||||||||||||
| Regional usage | Global (ICS) | ||||||||||||
| Time scale(s) used | ICS Time Scale | ||||||||||||
| Definition | |||||||||||||
| Chronological unit | Epoch | ||||||||||||
| Stratigraphic unit | Series | ||||||||||||
| Time span formality | Formal | ||||||||||||
| Lower boundary definition | FAD of the Graptolite Saetograptus (Colonograptus) varians | ||||||||||||
| Lower boundary GSSP | Pitch Coppice, Ludlow, U.K. 52°21′33″N 2°46′38″W / 52.3592°N 2.7772°W | ||||||||||||
| Lower GSSP ratified | 1980[4] | ||||||||||||
| Upper boundary definition | FAD of the Graptolite Monograptus parultimus. | ||||||||||||
| Upper boundary GSSP | Požáry Section, Prague-Řeporyje, Czech Republic 50°01′40″N 14°19′30″E / 50.0277°N 14.3249°E | ||||||||||||
| Upper GSSP ratified | 1984[5][6] | ||||||||||||
In the geological timescale, the Ludlow Epoch (from 426.7 ± 1.5 million years ago to 422.7 ± 1.6 million years ago) occurred during the Silurian Period, after the end of the Homerian Age. It is named for the town of Ludlow in Shropshire, England.
The Ludlow Epoch is subdivided into two stages: Gorstian and Ludfordian.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Jeppsson, Lennart; Calner, Mikael (June 2002). "The Silurian Mulde Event and a scenario for secundo—secundo events". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 93 (2): 135–154. doi:10.1017/S0263593300000377. eISSN 1755-6929. ISSN 1755-6910. LCCN 2007237265. OCLC 184982680. S2CID 129308139.
- ^ Munnecke, Axel; Samtleben, Christian; Bickert, Torsten (June 5, 2003). "The Ireviken Event in the lower Silurian of Gotland, Sweden-relation to similar Palaeozoic and Proterozoic events". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 195 (1–2): 99–124. Bibcode:2003PPP...195...99M. doi:10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00304-3. eISSN 1872-616X. ISSN 0031-0182. LCCN 65009956. OCLC 1761774. S2CID 129353726. Retrieved December 12, 2025.
- ^ "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. December 2024. Retrieved October 23, 2025.
- ^ a b Holland, C. (1982). "The State of Silurian Stratigraphy" (PDF). Episodes. 1982 (3): 21–23. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1982/v5i3/004. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
- ^ Lucas, Sepncer (6 November 2018). "The GSSP Method of Chronostratigraphy: A Critical Review". Frontiers in Earth Science. 6: 191. Bibcode:2018FrEaS...6..191L. doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00191.
- ^ Holland, C. (June 1985). "Series and Stages of the Silurian System" (PDF). Episodes. 8 (2): 101–103. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/1985/v8i2/005. Retrieved 11 December 2020.