Hammudiidide dünastia

Ziriididest iseseisvunud Põhja-Aafrika dünastia kohta vaata artiklit Hammadiidide dünastia.

Hammudiidide dünastia (araabia keeles بنو حمود, Banū Ḥammūd) oli berberistunud araabia moslemite suguvõsa, mis oli lühikest aega võimul Córdoba Kalifaadis, Málaga ja Algecirase Taifades ning Ceutas.^[1]^[2]

Dünastia

Dünastia sai nime oma esivanema Hammudi järgi, kes oli Idrisiidide dünastia rajaja Idris ibn Abdallahi järeltulija Hasani lapselapselaps, kes oli omakorda Fatimah' ja Ali laps ning islami prohveti Muḩammadi lapselaps.^[3] Kui Sulayman ibn al-Hakam oma berberitest liitlastele Andaluusias maid jagas, määrati kaks Hammudiidide suguvõsa liiget Algericase, Ceuta ja Tangeri kubernerideks. Sellega said Hammudiidid Gibraltari väina ülese kaubanduse enda kontrolli alla ja kiiresti väga mõjukateks. Ceutat valitsenud Hammudiid Ali ibn Hammud al-Nasir väitis, et tegutseb kukutatud kaliifi Hisham II hüvanguks ning marssis 1016. aastal Córdobasse, kus ta kaliifiks krooniti.

Viimane Hammudiidide kaliif kukutati aastal 1056, kui Granada Ziriidid Málaga enda kontrolli alla võtsid. Ziriidid olid varem olnud Hammudiidide suurimad liitlased. Hammudiidide suguvõsa pages Ceutasse.

Viited

↑ Lane-Poole (1894), p.21
↑ Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. Kd II. Lk 477–515.
↑ Hammudids, A. Huici Miranda, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. III, ed. B. Lewis, V.L. Menage, C. Pellat and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 147;"HAMMUDIDS, dynasty which reigned over various towns in Muslim Spain from 407/1016 till 450/1058. Sulayman al-Musta'm [q.v.], on his second succession to the caliphal throne in Shawwal 4O3/ May 1013, had to distribute large fiefs among the Berbers who had raised him to power. He allotted to 'Ali b. Hammud the governorship of Ceuta and to his brother al-Kasim that of Algeciras, Tangier, and Arzila. The two were genuine Idrisids [q.v.], their great-grandfather Hammud being the great-grandson of Idris II."

Kirjandus

Scales, Peter (1994). The Fall of the Caliphate of Cordoba: Berbers and Andalusis in Conflict. Kd II. BRILL. Lk 38–109 & 142–182. ISBN 9789004098688.
Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2004). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. Lk 14–16. ISBN 9780748621378. ..or were Berberised Arabs like the Hammudids...
Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894). The Mohammadan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historicals Introductions. Constable. Lk 23–25. ISBN 9781402166662.
Collins, Roger (2012). Caliphs and Kings: Spain 796-1031. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118273999.

Eelnev Umaijaadide dünastia	Córdoba kaliifid 1016–1023 1025–1027	Järgnev Umaijaadide dünastia
Eelnev —	Málaga Taifa kuningad 1026–1057	Järgnev Granada Taifa
Eelnev —	Ceuta Taifa kuningad 1009–1055	Järgnev Barghawata
Eelnev —	Algericase Taifa kuningad 1039–1058	Järgnev Sevilla Taifa

[LP_21-1] Lane-Poole (1894), p.21

[2] Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. Kd II. Lk 477–515.

[3] Hammudids, A. Huici Miranda, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. III, ed. B. Lewis, V.L. Menage, C. Pellat and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 147;"HAMMUDIDS, dynasty which reigned over various towns in Muslim Spain from 407/1016 till 450/1058. Sulayman al-Musta'm [q.v.], on his second succession to the caliphal throne in Shawwal 4O3/ May 1013, had to distribute large fiefs among the Berbers who had raised him to power. He allotted to 'Ali b. Hammud the governorship of Ceuta and to his brother al-Kasim that of Algeciras, Tangier, and Arzila. The two were genuine Idrisids [q.v.], their great-grandfather Hammud being the great-grandson of Idris II."

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