Isaac ben Abba Mari

Isaac ben Abba Mari
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	1122 ^(Gregorian)
ƙasa	Faransa
Mutuwa	Marseille, 1193 ^(Gregorian)
Sana'a
Sana'a	rabbi ^(en)
Imani
Addini	Yahudanci

Isaac ben Abba Mari (c. 1122 – c. 1193) wani rabbi ne na Provencal wanda ya fito daga Marseilles. Sau da yawa ana kiransa da "Ba'al ha-Ittur," bayan Magnum opus, Ittur Soferim.

Tarihin Rayuwa

Mahaifin Ishaku, babban ikon malamai, wanda ya rubuta sharhi akan Talmud ^[1] da amsawa, ^[2] malaminsa ne. A cikin "Ittur" Ishaku sau da yawa yana ambaton wani malaminsa kawunsa, wanda, bisa ga bayanin rubutu ^[3] almajiri ne na Isaac Alfasi . Ishaku ya yi wasiku na sada zumunci tare da Rabbeinu Tam, wanda ya saba tuntubar juna kan tambayoyin shakku, ko da yake ba kamar yadda dalibi ke tuntubar malami ba. Abraham ben Nathan na Lunel da Ibrahim ben Isaac na Narbonne suna da alaƙa da shi, yayin da surukin na ƙarshe, Raavad, akai-akai yana tuntubar shi akan tambayoyin kimiyya.

Sefer haIttur

Ishaku ya fara aikin adabinsa yana ɗan shekara goma sha bakwai, sa’ad da bisa shawarar mahaifinsa, ya rubuta “Shechitah uTerefot,” ƙa’idodin yanka dabbobi da cin namansu. A kusan lokaci guda ya rubuta karamin aiki a kan ka'idoji game da tzitzit, bisa ga bukatar Sheshet Benveniste "ha-Nasi" na Barcelona. Dukansu biyun sun kasance wani ɓangare na codex na doka "Ittur," ko "Ittur Soferim," wanda ya mamaye Ishaku kimanin shekaru ashirin da uku (daga 1170 zuwa 1193). Har zuwa zamani kawai an san sashin farko na wannan aikin (Venice, 1608); Schönblum (Lemberg, 1860) ne ya buga dukan codex da farko, kuma ya haɗa da "Aseret ha-Dibrot" na Isaac, wanda ainihin suna ne kawai na wani ɓangare na Ittur .

Ittur ya ƙunshi, a cikin sassa uku, kusan cikakkiyar kundin dokoki, kuma an raba shi kamar haka:

• Sashe na 1: Hakuri, gami da dokokin aure da saki;
• Sashe na 2: dokokin shechitah da nama halal, kaciya, tzzit, tefillin, bukukuwan aure;
• Sashe na 3: "Aseret ha-Dibrot," wanda ya shafi dokokin batutuwa goma masu zuwa: (1) Sukkot (2) lulav ; (3 ) ; (4 ) ; (5) Yom Kippur ; (6) magillah; (7) Hanukkah ; (8) haramcin chametz akan Idin Ƙetarewa ; (9) matsi da maro ; (10) dokokin gama gari na hutu.

Littafin nasa ne na al'adar wallafe-wallafen rabbin a Faransa. Ishaku ya nuna a cikin wannan aikin ilimin Talmud guda biyu kamar kusan babu wani mutum na zamaninsa. Tare da ayyuka a kan Geonim, daga cikinsu da yawa responsa da rubuce-rubucen da ba a sani ba a yau, ya nuna daidai da saba da samar da arewacin Faransa Talmudists. A lokaci guda kuma ya ci gaba da kansa a cikin sukar sa, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ko kima na tsoffin hukumomi ba, kuma bai yi watsi da Geonim da Isaac Alfasi ba, ko da yake yana sha'awar su sosai.

Tasiri

Duk da yake Mutanen Espanya da Jamusanci Talmudists, har zuwa lokacin Tur, " sau da yawa ya ambaci Ittur, da hukumomi kamar Rashba, Rosh, Mordechai, da kuma wasu da dama suna komawa ga wannan aikin, bayan bayyanar da kuma yadawa na "Tur" nan da nan. sun raba makoma da yawa wasu codes (kamar, alal misali, Avraham ben Isaac 's "Eshkol"), kuma ya faɗi cikin rashin amfani. Joseph Caro shine farkon wanda, bayan dogon tazara, yayi amfani da Ittur, ^[4] amma ko da shi bai bayyana yana da dukan aikin a gabansa ba. ^[5]

A ƙarshen ƙarni na sha bakwai Yakubu b. Isra'ila Sason ya rubuta sharhi zuwa wani ɓangare na Ittur, a ƙarƙashin taken "Bnei Ya'akov" (Constantinople, 1704). A cikin karni na sha takwas mawallafa masu zuwa sun rubuta sharhi kan aikin: Eliezer b. Yakubu ("Nachum"; ba a buga ba); Abraham Giron ("Tikkun Soferim uMikra Soferim" (Constantinople, 1756, tare da rubutu); Yakubu b. Abraham de Boton ya ba da gutsutsutsu na sharhinsa ga Ittur a cikin tarin raddinsa, "Edut beYa'akov" (Salonica, 1720); yayin da aka rasa irin wannan aikin na Solomon al-Gazi a lokacin rayuwarsa. Samuel Schönblum ya buga bugu na Ittur da kansa ya bayyana. Ma'ir Yunusa b. Sama'ila ya rubuta cikakken bayani kuma mai koyo. ^[6]

Sauran ayyuka

Ishaku kuma ya rubuta bayanan gefe zuwa ga "Halakhot" na Alfasi, tare da taken "Me'ah She'arim," wanda ya bayyana a karon farko a cikin bugun Wilna na Alfasi (1881-97). Babu wata alama da aka adana na sharhin da ya yi wa Ketubot, wanda ya kawo. ^[7]

Manazarta

1. Ittur, i. 17, ed. Warsaw, section "Kinyan"
2. l.c. p. 49, section "Shemat Ba'alim"
3. see Neubauer. "Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS." No. 2356
4. for his "Beit Yosef"; see the introduction
5. Compare "Beit Yosef," Orach Hayyim, 671
6. with text; parts ii. and iii., Wilna, 1874; part i., in two sections, Warsaw, 1883 and 1885
7. Ittur 1:15, section "Zeman"

Hanyoyin haɗi na waje

• Shlomo Pereira, "Hadrat Melek" Bayanan Halitta .