Marguerite Barankitse

Marguerite Barankitse
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Ruyigi (en) Fassara, 1957 (67/68 shekaru)
ƙasa Burundi
Karatu
Harsuna Faransanci
Sana'a
Sana'a Mai kare ƴancin ɗan'adam
Kyaututtuka
maisonshalom.org
Barankitse in Yerevan at Matenadaran, a lokacin panel Aurora Dialogues, kafin bikin Aurora Prize bikin.
Barankitse akan tambarin Armenian 2017

Marguerite (Maggie) Barankitse ( an haife shi a shekara ta 1957 a Ruyigi, lardin Ruyigi, Burundi ) ɗan gwagwarmayar jin kai ne ɗan ƙasar Burundi wanda ke aiki don inganta jin daɗin yara da ƙalubalantar wariyar ƙabilanci a Burundi . Bayan ceto yara 25 daga kisan kiyashin da aka yi mata, an tilasta mata ganin rikicin Hutu da Tutsi a kasarta a shekarar 1993. Ta kafa Maison Shalom, matsuguni da ke ba da damar kiwon lafiya, ilimi, da al'adu ga yara marayu sama da 20,000 mabukata. [1] Domin ta yi zanga-zangar adawa da wa'adi na uku na shugaba Pierre Nkurunziza, tana gudun hijira .

A cikin shekaru 26 da ta yi aiki a Burundi, Maison Shalom ya girma zuwa babbar hanyar sadarwa ta makarantu, asibitoci, da sabis na kiwon lafiya a duk faɗin ƙasar. Manufarta ita ce inganta rayuwar yaran Burundi, ta hanyar hada kai da ci gaba mai dorewa tare da babban burin samar da zaman lafiya mai dorewa a kasar. Sai dai a shekarar 2015 Barankitse ya tilastawa barin kasarta, kuma Maison Shalom ya fada cikin rikicin siyasa. [2] Nisa daga mika wuya, Barankitse ta mayar da hankalinta kuma ta yanke shawarar sadaukar da dukkan karfinta don taimakawa 'yan gudun hijirar Burundi fiye da 90,000 a Ruwanda . A cikin 2017, ta buɗe Cibiyar Al'umma ta Oasis of Peace a Kigali don taimakawa 'yan makaranta, ba da tallafi na tunani da zamantakewa ga azabtarwa da fyade, da aiwatar da ayyukan ci gaba mai dorewa a fannoni kamar kiwon lafiya, ilimi, horar da sana'o'i, al'adu, da samar da kudaden shiga. [3] Ta bayyana cewa hangen nesanta shine sanya mutunci a cikin 'yan gudun hijirar don ci gaba da burinsu: "Mugunta ba ta da kalma ta ƙarshe - Ƙauna ko da yaushe nasara."

Barabkitse ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa, ciki har da lambar yabo ta Juan Maria Bandres don 'Yancin Mafaka, da Kyautar Haƙƙin Dan Adam na Gwamnatin Faransa (duka 1998), Kyautar Yara ta Duniya (2003), [4] Kyautar 'Yanci huɗu (Yanci Daga So ), Kyautar Muryar Jajircewa na Hukumar Mata da 'Yan Gudun Hijira 40 ( [5] Kyautar (2005), Kyautar Opus (2008), [6] Kyautar UNESCO (duka 2008), Kyautar Rigakafin Rikici (2011), da Kyautar Aurora don Farkawa Bil Adama (2016).

Tarihin Rayuwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Marguerite "Maggie" Barankitse a shekara ta 1957 a Ruyigi, Gabas-Burundi, daya daga cikin yankuna mafi talauci na kasar. A cikin al'adun Tutsi, ta kasance malama a makarantar sakandare ta yankin amma an kore ta saboda zanga-zangar da ta yi na nuna wariya tsakanin Hutu da Tutsi a fagen. Sai ta tafi aiki a matsayin sakatare na bishop na Katolika a Ruyigi. [7] Duk da tashe-tashen hankula da ake ta fama da su, Barankitse ta aiwatar da burinta na samun daidaiton kabilanci ta hanyar daukar yara bakwai: Hutu hudu da Tutsi uku. Yayin da rikici ya barke tsakanin kabilun biyu bayan kisan gillar da aka yi wa zababben shugaban kasar Burundi na farko ta hanyar dimokuradiyya, wata kungiyar Tutsi da ke dauke da makamai ta kai wa Ruyigi hari a ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 1993, don kashe 'yan kabilar Hutu da ke boye a gidan Bishop din. Barankitse ya yi nasarar boye yawancin yaran amma mayakan sun kama su. Sun yi mata dukan tsiya da wulakanci, suka tilasta mata kallon kisan ’yan Hutu 72, amma ta ki gaya musu inda aka boye yaran. [8] Daga ƙarshe, an kare ta ne kawai saboda al'adun Tutsi. Bayan bala'in ne Barankitse ta tattara 'ya'yanta da ta yi reno da marayun da suka tsira ta boye su a wata makaranta da ke kusa. Yayin da yara ke neman matsuguni da ita, ta yanke shawarar kafa wata karamar kungiya mai zaman kanta : Maison Shalom, House of Peace. Gidanta yana buɗewa ga yara daga kowane ƙabila: Tutsi, Hutu, da Twa . Ta kira su "Ya'yana Hutsitwa", kuma suna kiranta Oma (ko "kaka" a Jamusanci). A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Maison Shalom a Ruyigi yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan wurare a Burundi inda Hutu da Tutsis suka zauna cikin jituwa. [9]

Tun daga abubuwan da suka faru na 1993, yara da matasa sama da 20,000 sun amfana daga Maison Shalom. Kafin rikicin na Burundi a halin yanzu, kungiyar ta dauki sama da mutane 270 aiki, da suka hada da ma'aikatan jinya, masana ilimin halayyar dan adam, da malamai wadanda suka aiwatar da ayyuka na musamman ga yaran.

A watan Afrilun 2016, Barankitse ya yi magana game da wa'adi na uku na Shugaba Pierre Nkurunziza kuma ya shiga zanga-zangar matasa na yin tir da shi. A sakamakon haka, an tilasta mata ta ɓoye tsawon wata guda a ofishin jakadanci a Bujumbura . Daga karshe dai dole ta gudu; gwamnati na da sunanta a jerin wadanda suka mutu. [10] Barankitse ta tsinci kanta ‘yar gudun hijira.

Maison Shalom in Burundi

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A cikin kaka na 1993, bayan kisan Melchior Ndadaye, zababben shugaban kasar Burundi na farko (dan Hutu), yakin basasar Burundi ya fara da kisan kiyashi a duk fadin kasar. A lardin Ruyigi, bala'i ya afku a ranar 24 ga Oktoba. Domin daukar fansa kan kisan da aka yi wa ‘yan kabilarsu, Tutsi na farautar ‘yan kabilar Hutu na garin, wadanda ke boye a gine-ginen cocin. Barankitse, ’yar Tutsi, ita ma tana can, kuma ta yi ƙoƙari ta yi shawara da ƙungiyar Tutsi don kada su yi tashin hankali. Duk da haka, ƙoƙarinta ya ci tura: Sun yanke shawarar ɗaure ta a kan kujera kuma suka tilasta mata kallon yadda aka kashe abokanta 72. [1] Sa'o'i kadan bayan kisan kiyashin, yaran wadanda aka kashe sun fara fitowa daga maboyarsu. A ranar, Barankitse ta ce, ta fahimci cewa aikinta zai kasance yaki da tashe-tashen hankula da ke addabar kasarta ta hanyar ba wa wadannan yaran, da kuma 20,000 da za su biyo baya, madadin kiyayya. [2] A cikin bala'in da ke tafe, labari ya bazu cikin sauri game da "mahaukaciyar mace ta Ruyigi" wacce ta kuskura ta dauki duk marayun da suka zo wurinta, ba ta ki kowa ba. Twa, Hutu, Tutsi: Barankitse bai bambanta ba.

Barankitse ya fara tattara yara marayu 25 na kisan kiyashin Ruyigi. Tare da taimakon kawaye na Turai da Burundi, ta shirya wata hanyar sadarwa da ke ba da kulawa ga yawan yara. A cikin Mayu 1994, bishop na Roman Katolika na Ruyigi, Bishop Joseph Nduhirubusa ya amince da canza tsohuwar makaranta zuwa matsugunin yara da ake kira 'Maison Shalom'. Yaran sun sanya wa suna, don tunawa da wata waka da aka ji a gidan rediyo a lokacin, kuma saboda kalmar "zaman lafiya" a Kirundi ta kasance cikin kayan aiki da ƙazantar da su daga maharan daga bangarorin biyu na rikicin.

Maison Shalom ya fi mayar da hankali kan yara, ciki har da yara soja, marayu, yara da aka yanke, da kuma yara kanana a kurkuku. Duk da haka, ayyukansa sun kasance ga al'umma baki daya, yana da tasiri ba kawai ga rayuwar marayu ba, har ma da duk yankin da zai iya samun damar yin amfani da shi. Ba da jimawa ba ayyukan Maison Shalom ya fadada zuwa wasu garuruwa kamar Butezi da Gizuru, inda Barankitse ya bude wasu matsugunan yara.

A cikin shekarun da suka wuce, abin da kawai mafaka ne na neman kare marayu daga bangarorin biyu bayan yakin basasa, ya girma ya zama ƙauye gaba ɗaya, [11] kuma ya haɗa da banki, gidan cin abinci, Asibitin REMA, [12] otal, kantin sayar da kayayyaki, cibiyar sarrafa kayan aiki don koyon dinki da lissafi, makarantar horar da kanikanci, wurin shakatawa, har ma da gidan sinima. [13]

Asibitin REMA wanda Maison Shalom ya gina a Burundi

Yawancin ayyukan sun kasance tsare-tsare na samar da kudaden shiga da matasan da kansu suka gudanar, kamar gidan bako, sinima, wurin bitar mota, da makamantansu. Lokacin da suka sami 'yancin kai, matasan da Maison Shalom ya tallafa musu sun sami ƙaramin gida da fili.

A shekara ta 2004 kimanin yara 20,000 ne suka amfana da taimakon Barankitse, kai tsaye ko a fakaice. [14] [15]

A shekarar 2015, an gina sama da gidaje 300 na yara da matasa masu shekaru tsakanin 4 zuwa 20. Kungiyar mai zaman kanta ta kuma taimaka wa ‘yan gudun hijira na cikin gida da kuma ‘yan gudun hijirar Burundi da suka dawo don komawa Ruyigi tare da gano ‘yan uwansu da suka bace. Barankitse ya kasance a sahun gaba wajen yaki da cutar kanjamau, inda ya kafa ayyukan ba da shawara don inganta rigakafin cutar kanjamau. Ita da ma’aikatanta sun kula da yara sama da 100 da suka kamu da cutar kanjamau da aka yi watsi da su ko kuma an yi marayu.

Barankitse ya kuma fara wani shiri na taimaka wa matasan da ke daure. An haifi wasu yaran a gidan yari, kuma ta yi aikin nemo musu rayuwa mai inganci, ta hanyar ilimi da gida a wajen gidan yari. Tawagar ta ta ci gaba da inganta harkar noma tare da kafa aikin samar da kudi don baiwa iyaye damar bunkasa kananan sana’o’i. [16]

A cikin 2015, duk da haka, duk abin da ya fadi . Gwamnatin Burundi ta fara murkushe zanga-zangar adawa da shugaba Nkurunziza. Dubban 'yan Burundi sun fara gudu zuwa Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania ko DRC. Barankitse ya yi zanga-zangar, ya kula da matasan da suka jikkata, ya kuma ciyar da wadanda ke kurkuku. Amma a watan Yunin 2015, Barankitse da kanta aka tilastawa guduwa. A Burundi, akwai farashi a kanta. [17]

Maison Shalom Rwanda da Cibiyar Al'umma Oasis of Peace

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Barankitse ta ki yin zamanta a Turai cikin kwanciyar hankali, kuma ta yanke shawarar sadaukar da karfinta don taimakawa 'yan gudun hijirar Burundi fiye da 90,000 a Ruwanda. [18] Ta fara da gwaninta: ilimi. Ta yi gwagwarmayar neman ilimi ga yara da daliban jami'a a sansanonin 'yan gudun hijira. [19] Ta sanya yara 126 a makarantun gaba da sakandare, 160 a makarantar sakandare, sannan ta sami guraben karatu 353 ga daliban 'yan gudun hijira masu matakin jami'a don shiga jami'o'in Rwanda, da tallafin karatu 10 ga mafi kyawun ɗalibai don yin karatu a jami'o'i a ƙasashen waje.

A watan Mayu 2017, Barankitse ya buɗe Cibiyar Aminci ta Community Center Oasis of Peace ga yara makaranta, bayar da tallafi na tunani da zamantakewa ga waɗanda aka azabtar da su da fyade, da aiwatar da ayyukan ci gaba mai dorewa a fannoni kamar kiwon lafiya, ilimi, horar da sana'o'i, al'adu, da samun kuɗin shiga. Cibiyar tana ba da kwasa-kwasan darussa iri-iri da suka haɗa da cikin harshen Ingilishi, fasahar dafa abinci, ɗinki, zane, da zane. Har ila yau, yana da gidan cin abinci kuma yana da kayan aiki ta yanar gizo tare da kwamfutoci masu haɗin Intanet don bincike da horar da kwamfuta na asali. Kimanin mutane 200 ne ke zuwa Cibiyar a kowace rana kuma suna amfana da ayyuka daban-daban da Maison Shalom ke bayarwa. [20]

Maison Shalom ya nemi taimakon ‘yan gudun hijira musamman ma matasa da ke gudun hijira domin su rayu cikin mutunci, don amfani da lokacin gudun hijira wajen karfafawa da kuma gafartawa wadanda suka tilasta musu barin kasarsu ta asali.

Mahama Elite Center a Mahama Refugee Camp

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Tun daga shekarar 2015, sama da 'yan Burundi 430,000 ne aka tilastawa yin hijira tare da neman mafaka a kasashe makwabta kamar Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda. [21] Daga cikin su, fiye da 90,000 suna cikin Rwanda, wanda 58,000 ke zaune a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Mahama . Ana ɗaukar wannan sansanin a matsayin abin koyi na kula da 'yan gudun hijira a yankin Gabashin Afirka.

Don tallafawa 'yan gudun hijirar da ke zaune a wurin, Maison Shalom ya buɗe Cibiyar Mahama Elite a ranar 22 ga Yuni 2018. Wannan cibiyar horarwa ta shirya bayar da horon sana'o'i da ayyukan yi ga 'yan gudun hijirar Burundi da ke sansanin. Aikin zai baiwa matasa damar inganta rayuwarsu amma kuma za su karfafa sana’o’insu.

Kyaututtuka da karramawa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Graffiti na Marguerite Barankitse a Burgos, Spain

Iyakar abin da ta yi, da kuma yadda ta kare dukkan yara ba tare da la'akari da asalinsu ba, Tutsi ko Hutu, ya kawo yabo ga Maggy daga ko'ina cikin duniya: [22]

  • 1998 : Kyautar 'yancin ɗan adam, wanda gwamnatin Faransa ta ba shi. – Liberté – Egalité – Fraternité
  • 2000 : Kyautar Arewa-Kudu daga Majalisar Turai
  • 2000 : kofin jarumta da kungiyar Africa International na wata-wata ke bayarwa. [23]
  • 2003 : Kyautar Yara ta Duniya don Haƙƙin Yara
  • 2004 : Kyautar Muryar Jajircewa ta Hukumar Mata da Yara 'Yan Gudun Hijira
  • 2004 : lambar yabo ta Nansen 'yan gudun hijira
  • 2008 : Kyautar Opus [24]
  • 2008 : Kyautar UNESCO
  • A cikin watan Yunin 2009, Grand Duchess Maria Teresa na Luxembourg, Babban Mashawarcin UNICEF ga Yara, ya ziyarci Maison Shalom a ziyarar da ya kai Burundi. A cikin Oktoba 2011, Grand Duchess ya yi maraba da Marguerite Barankitse zuwa Luxembourg don buɗe nunin hoto don tallafawa Maison Shalom. [25]
  • A ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 2011, Barankitse [26] ya sami lambar yabo ta rigakafin rikice-rikice daga hannun Kofi Annan. [27] Gidauniyar Fondation Chirac ce ke ba da kyautar rigakafin rikice-rikice a kowace shekara, wanda tsohon shugaban Faransa Jacques Chirac ya kaddamar a shekara ta 2008.
  • A cikin 2011 Barankitse ya sami kyautar ɗan jarida Golden Doves for Peace wanda Cibiyar Nazarin Italiya Archivio Disarmo ta bayar. [28]
  • A ranar 24 ga Afrilu, 2016, Marguerite ya sami kyautar $ 1.1 miliyan Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity, lambar yabo da aka ba wa masu ba da agaji don tunawa da kisan kare dangi na Armenia . [29]

Digiri na girmamawa

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Littattafai game da Maggy da Maison Shalom

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Magana

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  1. ↑ "Burundi's Great Mother: Maggie Barankitse". HuffPost (in Turanci). 2013-08-27. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  2. ↑ "Global Conflict Tracker l Council on Foreign Relations". Global Conflict Tracker (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  3. ↑ Kantengwa, Sharon (2017-09-03). "Oasis of Peace: Giving Burundian refugees new lease of life". The New Times (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  4. ↑ "Maggy Barankitse - World's Children's Prize". worldschildrensprize.org. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  5. ↑ "Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Awards".
  6. ↑ "Marguerite "Maggy" Barankitse".
  7. ↑ Nekita (2017-06-04). "Extraordinary Women: Celebrating Marguerite Barankitse 'Angel of Burundi'". Nekita ink (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  8. ↑ "The Courage of Giving Refuge: Marguerite Barankitse". Contending Modernities (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  9. ↑ "Marguerite Barankitse, l'harmonie entre les peuples". Psychologies.com, psychologie, mieux se connaître pour mieux vivre sa vie | Psychologies.com (in Faransanci). 2023-02-27. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  10. ↑ "George Clooney remet le prix Aurora à la Burundaise Marguerite Barankitse". RFI (in Faransanci). 2016-04-25. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  11. ↑ "Maggy Barankitse Built A Village And Saved Thousands of Children". www.africa.com (in Turanci). 2021-03-22. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  12. ↑ "20 ans de la Maison Shalom : « Aujourd'hui, nous célébrons la victoire de l'amour sur la haine ! »". www.iwacu-burundi.org. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  13. ↑ "ActionAid International". actionaid.org. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  14. ↑ "Maison des Anges le site de l'association en France pour la Maison Shalom au Burundi". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2006-02-09.
  15. ↑ "Burundi's Great Mother: Maggie Barankitse". HuffPost (in Turanci). 2013-08-27. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  16. ↑ MFC (2023-06-28). "Les maisons d'orphelins de Maggy". La Libre.be (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  17. ↑ "Marguerite Barankitse, la « Maman nationale » du Burundi". RFI (in Faransanci). 2014-09-12. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  18. ↑ "Situation Burundi Situation". data2.unhcr.org. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  19. ↑ "Marguerite Barankitse: "Cuando perdonas, curas el mundo"". La Vanguardia (in Sifaniyanci). 2018-02-22. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  20. ↑ Kantengwa, Sharon (2017-09-03). "Oasis of Peace: Giving Burundian refugees new lease of life". The New Times (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  21. ↑ "Situation Burundi Situation". data2.unhcr.org. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  22. ↑ Gouby, Melanie (8 August 2016). "After rescuing 20,000 Burundian orphans, Marguerite Barankitse forges on in exile". Women in the World in Association with The New York Times – WITW. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
  23. ↑ "Maggy et la Maison Shalom | Maison Shalom". archive.wikiwix.com. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  24. ↑ "Laureates – Champions for Faith-Filled Change". Opus Prize. Retrieved 12 June 2017.
  25. ↑ "wort.lu | Artikel | Im Gefängnis wegen einer Ziege". 2012-01-02. Archived from the original on 2012-01-02. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  26. ↑ "Marguerite Barankitse, Laureate of the 2011 the Fondation Chirac Prize". Fondation Chirac. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  27. ↑ "Video: Marguerite Barankitse, 2011 Laureate of the Fondation Chirac Prize". Fondation Chirac. Retrieved 14 May 2015.
  28. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-04-22. Retrieved 2019-03-29.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  29. ↑ "A Calling to Love". auroraprize.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-06-29.