Ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na Philippines

Street children in the Philippines
Obere mkpọmkpọ ebe na Manila, gburugburu tupu 2009

A hụrụ ụmụaka n'okporo ámá na Philippines n'afọ ndị 1980, ma e mere atụmatụ na ha dị 250,000. [1]

Na-akọwa Filipino ụmụaka n'okporo ámá

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Dị ka ntọala "Stairway" si kwuo, e nwere ụdị atọ dị iche iche nke ụmụaka n'okporo ámá:

  • Ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá bụ ihe dị ka pasent 75 nke ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na Philippines. Ha na-arụ ọrụ n'okporo ámá ma ha anaghị ebi ebe ahụ. Ha na-enwekarị ụlọ ha ga-alọghachi ma ha rụchaa ọrụ, ụfọdụ na-agakwa akwụkwọ n’ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe ha na-arụ ọrụ ọtụtụ awa n’okporo ámá.
  • Ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na-eme ụlọ ha n'okporo ámá. Ha bụ 25%–30% nke ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na Philippines. Ha na-ekepụtakarị ụdị ezinụlọ na ụmụaka ibe ha n'okporo ámá. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha ka nwere njikọ ezinụlọ, mana ha nwere ike ọ na-esiri ike ịhụ ha ma ọ bụ na-ele ha anya ọjọọ.
  • Ụmụaka ndị a gbahapụrụ kpam kpam enweghị njikọ ezinụlọ ma nọrọ naanị onwe ha maka nlanarị anụ ahụ na nke mmụọ. Ha bụ ihe dịka 5%–10% nke ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na Philippines. [2] [3]

Ikike mmadụ

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Philippines kwadoro Nkwekọrịta Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Ụmụaka n'August 21, 1990. Ọ kwadokwara Usoro Nhọrọ na Nkwekọrịta Maka ikike ụmụaka gbasara itinye ụmụaka aka na agha n'August 26, 2003, na Usoro Nhọrọ nke Nkwekọrịta na ikike nke nwatakịrị maka ire ụmụaka, ịgba akwụna ụmụaka., na ihe na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ ụmụaka na Mee 28, 2002. [4]

Nsogbu na-eche ụmụaka n'okporo ámá ihu

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Ịda ogbenye

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Ụmụaka na-ata ahụhụ nke ịda ogbenye nke ezinụlọ ndị Filipino ọ metụtara. [5] Ịda ogbenye, nchụpụ n'ihi ọgụ ọgụ, na ikpughe na ọnọdụ ihu igwe na gburugburu ebe obibi bụ isi ihe na-eduga n'ọganihu dị elu ma na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụaka ndị nọ n'okporo ámá. [6] [7] Na 2015, 31.4% nke ụmụaka nọ na Philippines bi n'okpuru ịda ogbenye, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ịda ogbenye maka ụmụaka nọ na mpaghara kwụụrụ onwe na Muslim Mindanao nke ukwuu na 63.1%, dịka atụmatụ gọọmentị gọọmentị siri kwuo. [8]

Ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na-enwekarị ịda ogbenye, na-anapụ ha ohere agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze ndị ọzọ, na-enwekwa ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. [8] O yikarịrị ka ha agaghị enweta ikpe ziri ezi ma ọ bụ ọkwa iwu. [6]

Ọgwụ ọjọọ

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Ụfọdụ ụmụaka na-aṅụ ọgwụ ike otu ugboro n'ụbọchị. [2] Nnyocha e mere na 1997 mere atụmatụ na ihe dị ka pasent 40 nke ụmụaka ndị nọ n'okporo ámá ejiriwo ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe n'oge gara aga. Akụkọ ndị ọzọ na-egosi na 66% ruo 85% nke ụmụaka ejirila inhalants, na 3% ejirila wii wii na methamphetamine (nke a maara na mpaghara dị ka "shabu"). [9]

Nchịkọta igbu ụmụaka n'okporo ámá

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Ọtụtụ ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke igbuchapụ n'oge ọchịchị Marcos . [10] N'afọ 2005, otu akụkọ chọpụtara na ndị otu nche gburu ụmụaka 39 nọ na Davao City kemgbe 2001, ọtụtụ mgbe a tọhapụrụ ha n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ndị uwe ojii. [11]

Ịgba akwụna ụmụaka

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Ndị na-eme njem nlegharị anya mmekọahụ na ndị na-edina ụmụ nwoke na ndị obodo na-eji ụmụaka akwụna eme ihe. A na-eji ụfọdụ eme ihe nkiri ụmụaka ndị gba ọtọ, bụ́ nke juru ebe nile na Philippines. [12] A na-araba ọtụtụ ụmụaka n'okporo ámá n'ịgba akwụna dị ka ụzọ ndụ, ebe ndị ọzọ na-eme ya iji nweta ego maka ezinụlọ ha. Ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche na-atụnye ụtụ na mmegbu mmekọahụ nke ụmụaka na Philippines. [13] [ <span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (September 2012)">kwuo nkọwa achọrọ</span> ]

Gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na ịda ogbenye, dị ka n'ebe ndị ọzọ, nsogbu nke ụmụaka ịgba akwụna na Angeles City na-akawanye njọ na 1980 site Clark Air Base, ebe ụlọ mmanya na-arụ ọrụ ụmụaka ndị mechara bụrụ ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ maka ndị agha America. [14] Ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá nọ n'ihe ize ndụ karịsịa n'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ akwụna 200 dị na Angeles na-enye ụmụaka maka inwe mmekọahụ. [15] Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ 1996 nke Philippine Resource Network, 60,000 n'ime 1.5 Ọtụtụ nde ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá na Philippines bụ ndị akwụna. [16]

Edensibia

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  1. ↑ Freeman (September 27, 2021). The Ideologies of Children's Rights (in en). BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-48218-0. Retrieved on April 17, 2022. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Teachers' Corner – Background(Detail). Stairway Foundation. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved on September 12, 2016.
  3. ↑ The Life of Street Children in the Philippines and Initiatives to Help Them. Retrieved on July 29, 2015.
  4. ↑ Celebrating 30 years of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. OHCHR. Retrieved on August 8, 2021.
  5. ↑ A situationer of street children in the Philippines. Streetchildren Development Center (March 2003). Archived from the original on January 23, 2022. Retrieved on August 8, 2021.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Street children are some of the most vulnerable children on the planet (en-US). Consortium for Street Children. Retrieved on August 8, 2021.
  7. ↑ Climate landscape analysis for children in the Philippines. UNICEF (2017). Retrieved on August 8, 2021.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Situation Analysis of Children in the Philippines. UNICEF (2016). Retrieved on August 8, 2021.
  9. ↑ Njord (May 10, 2010). "Drug Use Among Street Children and Non—Street Children in the Philippines". Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health 22 (2): 203–211. DOI:10.1177/1010539510361515. PMID 20457649. 
  10. ↑ Preda Foundation, Inc. NEWS/ARTICLES: "Nobel Prize Nominee Lauded Around the World Deserted by His Own". Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved on July 29, 2015.
  11. ↑ Capiloyan. Globalization and Violence Against Children in the Philippines, 2005 (DOC). Archived from the original on August 23, 2006. Retrieved on August 27, 2016.
  12. ↑ The Philippines' booming cybersex industry | DW | 04.02.2016. Deutsche Welle.
  13. ↑ STREET CHILDREN IN THE PHILIPPINES.pdf. Jubilee Action. Archived from the original on June 12, 2004. Retrieved on September 12, 2016.
  14. ↑ Agence France-Presse. Pedophilia: Southeast Asia's sordid secret – INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos. Inquirer.net. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved on July 29, 2015.
  15. ↑ BBC Politics 97. Retrieved on July 29, 2015.
  16. ↑ Philippines | Reading, wRiting, aRithmetic—and Child Rights. Inter Press Service. Archived from the original on February 2, 2008. Retrieved on August 11, 2016.

adịghị ọcha" ma na-anọkarị n'ihe ize ndụ nke nchụpụ iji mee ka ụzọ mka mmepe ụlọ ọhụrụ. N'afọ 2017, gọọmentị zaghachiri maka ọkụ na-egbu egbu n'ime ụlọ mmadụ juru na Beijing site n'ịkwatu ụlọ obibiadịghị ọcha" ma na-anọkarị n'ihe ize ndụ nke nchụpụ iji mee ka ụzọ maka mmepe ụlọ ọhụrụ. N'afọ 2017, gọọmentị zaghachiri maka ọkụ na-egbu egbu n'ime ụlọ mmadụ juru na Beijing site n'ịkwatu ụlọ obibi