George Jay Gould

George Jay Gould I (6 febbraio 1864 – 16 maggio 1923) è stato un imprenditore statunitense.

Biografia

Era il figlio maggiore di Jason Gould (1836-1892), e di sua moglie Helen Day Miller (1838-1889). Suo padre era un leader nello sviluppo della ferrovia americana e speculatore che è stato indicato come uno degli spietati imprenditori della Gilded Age, il cui successo negli affari lo resero uno degli uomini più ricchi della sua epoca^[1].

Dopo la morte di suo padre, George ereditò la fortuna dei Gould e le sue ferrovie, tra cui la DRGW e la Missouri Pacific Railroad. Mentre era responsabile della DRGW alla fine del XX secolo, inviò geometri e ingegneri attraverso il canyon del Feather River per realizzare un percorso per la ferrovia per raggiungere San Francisco.

Attraverso le controversie legali guidate da E.H. Harriman, Gould fu costretto a istituire compagnie per gestire l'indagine e la costruzione per nascondere il suo ruolo. L'itinerario che gli ingegneri di Gould hanno costruito è diventato la linea principale di WP. Negli anni successivi, il DRGW e il WP lavorerebbero insieme sui treni che passavano da Salt Lake City, tra cui il prestigioso treno passegger, la California Zephyr.

Matrimoni

Primo matrimonio

Nel 1884 sposò l'attrice Edith Kingdon (1864-1921), figlia di Charles Dennis Kingdon. Ebbero sette figli^[2]:

Kingdon Gould, Sr (1887-1945), sposò Annunziata Camilla Maria Lucci^[3];
Jay Gould II (1888-1935), sposò Anne Douglass Graham^[4]^[5];
Marjorie Gould (1891-1955), sposò Anthony Joseph Drexel II^[6];
Helen Vivien Gould (1893-1931), sposò John Beresford, V barone Decies^[7];
George Jay Gould II (1896-?), sposò Laura Carter^[8];
Edith Catherine Gould (1901-1937), sposò in prime nozze Carroll Livingston Wainwright I e in seconde nozze Sir Hector Murray MacNeal^[9];
Gloria Gould (1906-1943), sposò in prime nozze Henry A. Bishop II e in seconde nozze Walter McFarlane Barker^[10].

Secondo matrimonio

George Gould aveva anche un'amante, Guinevere Jeanne Sinclair (1885-1978). Ebbero tre figli^[11]:

George Sinclair Gould (1915-2003)
Jane Sinclair Gould (1916-1948)
Guinevere Gould (1922-1968)

Dopo la morte della sua prima moglie, nel novembre 1921, George Gould sposò Guinevere Jeanne Sinclair il 1º maggio 1922. Poi, con i tre figli, si trasferirono in Inghilterra^[12].

Morte

Morì il 16 maggio 1923 per una polmonite sulla Costa Azzurra, dopo aver contratto una febbre in Egitto durante una visita alla tomba di Tutankhamon. Fu sepolto nel cimitero di Woodlawn a New York. La sua proprietà era stata valutata $ 15.054.627, ma dopo che i debiti furono pagati, il suo valore era $ 5.175.590 nel 1933^[13]^[14].

La tenuta di Gould a Lakewood Township, nel New Jersey, è ora il sito della Georgian Court University.

Note

^ Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of Jay Gould, 1997, p. 393, ISBN 978-0-8018-5771-3.
^ The Goulds Are Going, Time, 23 marzo 1925. URL consultato il 21 agosto 2007 (archiviato dall'url originale il 21 luglio 2013).
«Of the seven older children by his first marriage — Kingdon, Jay, George Jay Jr., Marjorie, Vivien, Edith, Gloria — three eloped, one married an English nobleman, and one the daughter of a Hawaiian princess.»
^ Kingdon Gould, 58, Long A Financier. Grandson Of Founder Of Family Fortune Dies. Once On Rail Boards. Officer In 1918., New York Times, 8 novembre 1945. URL consultato il 19 giugno 2008.
«Kingdon Gould, financier eldest son of the late George J. and Edith Kingdon Gould, and grandson of Jay Gould, financier and railroad ...»
^ Jay Gould Is Dead. Court Tennis Star. Grandson of the Financier Had Held Championship for Quarter of Century., New York Times, 28 gennaio 1935. URL consultato il 21 luglio 2007.
«Sportsman Succumbs in Up-State Hospital at 46. His Body Brought Here for Funeral.»
^ The Colfax chronicle. (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, July 22, 1911, Image 7 « Chronicling America « Library of Congress, su chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2013.
^ Marjorie Gould to Wed A.J. Drexel, Jr. Engagement of George Jay Gould's Eldest Daughters is Announced at a Dance, in New York Times, 19 gennaio 1910. URL consultato il 10 agosto 2012.
«The engagement of the season, one most interesting abroad as well as in New York and Philadelphia, is that announced last night by George Jay Gould of his eldest daughter, Miss Marjorie Gould, to Anthony J. Drexel, Jr. of Philadelphia. ...»
^ Lady Decies Dies at 38 in London. Former Helen Vivien Gould Was Principal in Brilliant International Wedding of 1911. Was Noted As Hostess. Her Entertaining Was a Feature of British Capital. Husband Is Distinguished Irish Peer., New York Times, 3 febbraio 1931. URL consultato il 26 novembre 2007.
«Lady Decies, the former Helen Vivien Gould, daughter of the late George Jay Gould of New York, died in London this morning. She had been critically ill here for several days.»
^ He Is George Jay Gould, Jr., New York Times, 15 maggio 1896. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2008.
«The third son and fifth child of Mr. and Mrs. George J. Gould was christened at noon to-day in All Saints' Memorial Church, ...»
^ Lady MacNeal Dies. Was Edith Gould. Granddaughter of Financier, 36, Succumbs at Estate in East Hampton. Wife of British Knight. Wrote Autobiography Telling of Family Life ..., in New York Times, 12 settembre 1937. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2008.
«Lady MacNeal, the former Edith Gould, granddaughter of the late Jay Gould, died at Gulf Crest, her estate here, late last night. Lady MacNeal, who was 36 years old, had been in poor health for two years. Death was caused by a liver ailment. Born on Father's Yacht. Edith Catherine Gould, next to the youngest of seven children, was the daughter of the late George J. Gould and Edith Kingdon Gould. ...»
^ Gloria Gould Barker Is Drowned In Swim Pool at Arizona Home. Mrs. W.M. Barker Drowns In A Pool. Victim Of Accident., Associated Press in New York Times, 16 agosto 1943. URL consultato il 7 giugno 2008.
«Mrs. Gloria Gould Barker, 37, a member of the prominent Gould family of New York, was drowned today in the swimming pool of her desert home ten miles east of here.»
^ Gould Acknowledges Three Illegitimate Children In His Will, in Associated Press, 5 giugno 1923. URL consultato il 10 agosto 2012.
«Sinclair Gould, Jane Sinclair Gould and Guinivere Gould, born out of wedlock before his marriage to his second wife, Mrs. Guinivere Sinclair Gould. Mr. Gould ...»
^ Gould Gone for Good to live in England; Bride wed in tears.^{[collegamento interrotto]}, New York Times, 15 luglio 1922. URL consultato il 3 aprile 2012.
^ G.J. Gould Estate is Only $5,175,590. Reduced From $15,054,627 in Settling Suits Over His Father's Fortune., New York Times, 7 gennaio 1933.
«An appraisal filed yesterday of the New York estate of George J. Gould, who died May 16, 1923, a resident of New Jersey, showed that the property taxable here was worth only $60,592, consisting of his place at Furlough Lake, in the Catskills, with its contents, and personal effects in New York City.»
^ George J. Gould Dies in Villa in France. Leaves $30,000,000. With His Second Wife and Her Children Near, He Yearned for His Sons. Last Malady a Secret. Death Holds Up Litigation With Family Over His Father's Estate. First Became Ill in March. Had Apparently Regained Health When He Suffered a Relapse., New York Times, 17 maggio 1923. URL consultato il 23 maggio 2008.
«George Jay Gould died this morning at 3:30 o'clock at the Villa Zoralde, Cap Martin, where he had been living for some months with his wife and her two children. His death, it was stated at the villa, came quietly and was expected, as he had never rallied from the illness from which he had been suffering all Winter.»

Bibliografia

Brehm, Frank (2005), The SF&GSL. Retrieved March 2, 2005.
Geis, Sister M. Christina, The George Jay Gould Estate. Retrieved March 2, 2005.
White, John H., Jr. (Spring 1986), America's Most Noteworthy Railroaders, Railroad History, 154', p. 9-15.

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su George Jay Gould

Collegamenti esterni

(EN) George Jay Gould, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The George Jay Gould Estate

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 55223324 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 2523 7929 · ULAN (EN) 500447898 · LCCN (EN) n86011638 · GND (DE) 129299014

Portale Biografie: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di biografie

[1] Maury Klein, The Life and Legend of Jay Gould, 1997, p. 393, ISBN 978-0-8018-5771-3.

[2] The Goulds Are Going, Time, 23 marzo 1925. URL consultato il 21 agosto 2007 (archiviato dall'url originale il 21 luglio 2013).
«Of the seven older children by his first marriage — Kingdon, Jay, George Jay Jr., Marjorie, Vivien, Edith, Gloria — three eloped, one married an English nobleman, and one the daughter of a Hawaiian princess.»

[3] Kingdon Gould, 58, Long A Financier. Grandson Of Founder Of Family Fortune Dies. Once On Rail Boards. Officer In 1918., New York Times, 8 novembre 1945. URL consultato il 19 giugno 2008.
«Kingdon Gould, financier eldest son of the late George J. and Edith Kingdon Gould, and grandson of Jay Gould, financier and railroad ...»

[4] Jay Gould Is Dead. Court Tennis Star. Grandson of the Financier Had Held Championship for Quarter of Century., New York Times, 28 gennaio 1935. URL consultato il 21 luglio 2007.
«Sportsman Succumbs in Up-State Hospital at 46. His Body Brought Here for Funeral.»

[5] The Colfax chronicle. (Colfax, Grant Parish, La.) 1877-1981, July 22, 1911, Image 7 « Chronicling America « Library of Congress, su chroniclingamerica.loc.gov. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2013.

[6] Marjorie Gould to Wed A.J. Drexel, Jr. Engagement of George Jay Gould's Eldest Daughters is Announced at a Dance, in New York Times, 19 gennaio 1910. URL consultato il 10 agosto 2012.
«The engagement of the season, one most interesting abroad as well as in New York and Philadelphia, is that announced last night by George Jay Gould of his eldest daughter, Miss Marjorie Gould, to Anthony J. Drexel, Jr. of Philadelphia. ...»

[7] Lady Decies Dies at 38 in London. Former Helen Vivien Gould Was Principal in Brilliant International Wedding of 1911. Was Noted As Hostess. Her Entertaining Was a Feature of British Capital. Husband Is Distinguished Irish Peer., New York Times, 3 febbraio 1931. URL consultato il 26 novembre 2007.
«Lady Decies, the former Helen Vivien Gould, daughter of the late George Jay Gould of New York, died in London this morning. She had been critically ill here for several days.»

[8] He Is George Jay Gould, Jr., New York Times, 15 maggio 1896. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2008.
«The third son and fifth child of Mr. and Mrs. George J. Gould was christened at noon to-day in All Saints' Memorial Church, ...»

[9] Lady MacNeal Dies. Was Edith Gould. Granddaughter of Financier, 36, Succumbs at Estate in East Hampton. Wife of British Knight. Wrote Autobiography Telling of Family Life ..., in New York Times, 12 settembre 1937. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2008.
«Lady MacNeal, the former Edith Gould, granddaughter of the late Jay Gould, died at Gulf Crest, her estate here, late last night. Lady MacNeal, who was 36 years old, had been in poor health for two years. Death was caused by a liver ailment. Born on Father's Yacht. Edith Catherine Gould, next to the youngest of seven children, was the daughter of the late George J. Gould and Edith Kingdon Gould. ...»

[10] Gloria Gould Barker Is Drowned In Swim Pool at Arizona Home. Mrs. W.M. Barker Drowns In A Pool. Victim Of Accident., Associated Press in New York Times, 16 agosto 1943. URL consultato il 7 giugno 2008.
«Mrs. Gloria Gould Barker, 37, a member of the prominent Gould family of New York, was drowned today in the swimming pool of her desert home ten miles east of here.»

[11] Gould Acknowledges Three Illegitimate Children In His Will, in Associated Press, 5 giugno 1923. URL consultato il 10 agosto 2012.
«Sinclair Gould, Jane Sinclair Gould and Guinivere Gould, born out of wedlock before his marriage to his second wife, Mrs. Guinivere Sinclair Gould. Mr. Gould ...»

[12] Gould Gone for Good to live in England; Bride wed in tears.^{[collegamento interrotto]}, New York Times, 15 luglio 1922. URL consultato il 3 aprile 2012.

[13] G.J. Gould Estate is Only $5,175,590. Reduced From $15,054,627 in Settling Suits Over His Father's Fortune., New York Times, 7 gennaio 1933.
«An appraisal filed yesterday of the New York estate of George J. Gould, who died May 16, 1923, a resident of New Jersey, showed that the property taxable here was worth only $60,592, consisting of his place at Furlough Lake, in the Catskills, with its contents, and personal effects in New York City.»

[obit-14] George J. Gould Dies in Villa in France. Leaves $30,000,000. With His Second Wife and Her Children Near, He Yearned for His Sons. Last Malady a Secret. Death Holds Up Litigation With Family Over His Father's Estate. First Became Ill in March. Had Apparently Regained Health When He Suffered a Relapse., New York Times, 17 maggio 1923. URL consultato il 23 maggio 2008.
«George Jay Gould died this morning at 3:30 o'clock at the Villa Zoralde, Cap Martin, where he had been living for some months with his wife and her two children. His death, it was stated at the villa, came quietly and was expected, as he had never rallied from the illness from which he had been suffering all Winter.»

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