Scopophobia

Petrus Janet, unus ex patribus psychologiae.

Scopophobia[1] (Graece σκοπέω 'aspicio, intueror, scrutaror' + φόβος 'timor'), sive ophthalmophobia (Graece ὀφθαλμός 'oculus' + φόβος 'timor'), est morbus anxietatis cuius proprietas est timor morbidus ne alii aegrum videant vel intueantur.[2]

Historia

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Medici antiquitatis classicae phobias sciebant; notio quidem phobiarum socialium circa 400 a.C.n. commemorata est. Hippocrates ipse descripsit aegrum scopophobiá laborantem, hominem nimis verecundum, qui "tam tenebras quam lumen amat" et "putat omnem virum eum observare."[3]

Phobie sociale ('timor socialis'), vocabulum Francicum, anno 1903 excogitatum est a Petro Janet, psychiatro Francico, qui hoc vocabulo utebatur ad aegros describendos qui timorem ne videantur exhibebant cum agitationibus quotidianis interessent, sicut scribendo, legendo, loquendo, clavili ludendo.[4] The Alienist and Neurologist, periodicum psychiatricum, anno 1906 scopophobiam sic descripsit:[5]

Homini est timor ne videatur et verecundia quae in asylis videtur . . . quem appellabamus scopophobiam—timorem morbidum ne videatur. Gradu minore, verecundia morbida est, et aeger faciem manibus tegit; gradu maiore, aeger hospitem evadet et ex eius conspectu effuget ubi fieri potest. Scopophobia plus inter mulieres quam inter viros saepius patefit.[6]

Idem commentarius scopophobiam definit: "timor ne homines videant nec videantur, praecipue de faciebus inusitatis."[7][8]

Nexus interni

Notae

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  1. ↑ Etiam scoptophobia.
  2. ↑ "Scopophobia," The Free Medical Dictionary (2012).
  3. ↑ Cuncic, Alan. "A Brief History of Social Anxiety Disorder". About.com 
  4. ↑ Heckleman et Schneierer 1995.
  5. ↑ Hughes 1906: 165.
  6. ↑ Anglice "There is a fear of being seen and a shamefacedness, which one sees in asylums. . . . We called it scopophobia—a morbid dread of being seen. In minor degree, it is morbid shamefacedness, and the patient covers the face with his or her hands. In greater degree, the patient will shun the visitor and escape from his or her sight where this is possible. Scopophobia is more often manifest among women than among men."
  7. ↑ Anglice "a fear of seeing people or being seen, especially of strange faces."
  8. ↑ Hughes 1906: 285.

Bibliographia

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  • Hart, Moss. 1941. Lady in the Dark. Novi Eboraci.
  • Heckleman, Leora R., et Franklin S. Schneierer. 1995. Social Phobia Diagnosis, Assessment, Treatment.
  • Ho, Louis. 2013. "The non-affirmative, Jason Wee, photography, scopophobia." In Reflect/refract, ed. Charmaine Toh et Cyril Wong. Singapurae: Objectifs. ISBN 9789810757304.
  • Hughes, Charles Hamilton, ed. 1906. The Alienist and Neurologist.
  • Smajic, Srdjan. 2010. "Scopophilia and scopophobia: Poe's readerly flâneur." In Ghost-seers, detectives, and spiritualists: theories of vision in Victorian literature and science, capitulum 6. Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521191883.