↑ 2.02.1Travers, R.A., G. Eynikel and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (1986) Mastacembelidae., p. 415-427. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2.
↑Vreven, E.J. (2005) Redescription of Mastacembelus ophidium Günther, 1893 (Synbranchiformes: Mastacembelidae) and description of a new spiny eel from Lake Tanganyika., J. Nat. Hist. 39(18):1539-1560.
↑Coulter, G.W. (1991) Composition of flora and fauna., p. 200-274. In G.W. Coulter (ed.) Lake Tanganyika and its life. Natural History Museum Publications, Oxford University Press, London Oxford & New York.
↑Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl (1997) Aquarien Atlas, Band 5., Mergus Verlag, Melle, Germany. 1148 p.
↑Vreven, E.J. (2005) Mastacembelidae (Teleostei; Synbranchiformes) subfamily division and African generic division: an evaluation., J. Nat. Hist. 39(4):351-370.
↑ 7.07.1Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (ed.) (2011). "Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist". Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 Septyembre 2012.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
↑FishBase. Froese R. & Pauly D. (eds), 14 Hunyo 2011