白血病抑制因子

Leukemia inhibitory factor
白血病抑制因子
Leukemia inhibitory factor; 白血病抑制因子
	PDB rendering based on 1LKI.
有效结构
PDB	直系同源检索：PDBe, RCSB
PDB查询代码列表
	1EMR, 1PVH, 2Q7N
标识
代号	LIF; CDF; DIA; HILDA; MLPLI
扩展标识	遗传学：159540 鼠基因：96787 同源基因：1734 GeneCards: LIF Gene
基因本体论描述
分子功能	· RNA polymerase II transcription factor recruiting transcription factor activity; · receptor binding; · cytokine activity; · leukemia inhibitory factor receptor binding; · growth factor activity;
细胞成分	· extracellular space; · cytoplasm;
生物过程	· blood vessel remodeling; · immune response; · multicellular organismal development; · embryo implantation; · positive regulation of cell proliferation; · negative regulation of cell proliferation; · stem cell maintenance; · positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; · positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein; · tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; · positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein; · positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein; · positive regulation of MAPK cascade; · positive regulation of macrophage differentiation; · negative regulation of meiosis; · positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; · decidualization; · negative regulation of hormone secretion; · lung alveolus development; · muscle organ morphogenesis; · neuron development; · positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation; · leukemia inhibitory factor signaling pathway; · positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; · lung vasculature development; · lung lobe morphogenesis; · trophoblast giant cell differentiation; · spongiotrophoblast differentiation; · negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; · positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis; · regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation; · positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus; · positive regulation of histone H3-K27 acetylation;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表达模式
	更多表达数据
直系同源体
物种	人类
Entrez	3976
Ensembl	ENSG00000128342
UniProt	P15018
mRNA序列	NM_001257135
蛋白序列	NP_001244064
基因位置	Chr 22:; 30.64 – 30.64 Mb
PubMed查询	[1]
	查; 论; 编;

白血病抑制因子（Leukemia inhibitory factor，缩写 LIF）是一種屬於白介素-6大類的細胞因子。它能通過抑制分化影響細胞生长。LIF水平下降會使細胞開始分化。

功能

白血病抑制因子能夠誘導骨髓性白血病細胞的末端分化，進而阻止其生長，因而得名。白血病抑制因子還有以下功能：能促進多種細胞的生長與分化，影響骨代謝、惡病質體、神經發育（英语：Neural development），胚胎發育以及炎症作用。受p53調控的白血病抑制因子能促進小鼠和人的胚胎着床^[1]。一篇文章提出重組人白血病抑制因子可能可以提高意外懷孕的婦女（體內胚胎）的着床成功率^[2]。

表達

LIF在正常情況下會由囊胚中的滋養層（TE）表達，而其受體LIFR則會由內細胞群（ICM）的細胞表達。胚胎幹細胞取自內細胞群的細胞，在體外培養時就需要額外補充LIF。目前，重組LIF已可以通過基因工程的手段由植物（水稻）產生^[3]。

幹細胞培養

幹細胞培養基中大都含有LIF，可用於替代餵養層（feeder layer）細胞，因爲餵養層細胞的主要作用即產生LIF。不表達LIF基因的餵養層細胞難以支持幹細胞的培養^[4]。LIF通過招募信號誘導分子以及轉錄激活因子3（STAT3）促進細胞的自我更新。活化的LIFR能徵募Stat3。隨後，JAK激酶能將其磷酸化。不過LIF和Stat3是不足以阻止細胞分化的，一旦移去培養基中的血清，幹細胞就會分化。在原生多能性幹細胞分化的可逆階段，加入LIF可以使細胞重回原生多能性階段^[5]^[6]^[7]。

參考

^ Wenwei Hu, Zhaohui Feng, Angelika K. Teresky1, Arnold J. Levine. p53 regulates maternal reproduction through LIF. Nature. November 29, 2007, 450 (7170): 721–724 [2017-01-27]. PMID 18046411. doi:10.1038/nature05993. （原始内容存档于2017-03-15）.
^ Aghajanova, L. Leukemia inhibitory factor and human embryo implantation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2004, 1034: 176–83. PMID 15731310. doi:10.1196/annals.1335.020.
^ Bradford A. Youngblood; et al. Application of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) produced in rice (Oryza sativa L.) for maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cells. Journal of Biotechnology Volume 172. 2014-02-20: 67–72.
^ Stewart, C. L.; Kaspar, P; Brunet, L. J.; Bhatt, H; Gadi, I; Köntgen, F; Abbondanzo, S. J. Blastocyst implantation depends on maternal expression of leukaemia inhibitory factor. Nature. 1992, 359 (6390): 76–9. PMID 1522892. doi:10.1038/359076a0.
^ Martello, Graziano; Smith, Austin. The Nature of Embryonic Stem Cells. Annual Review Cell Developmental Biology. 2014, 30: 647. doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100913-013116.
^ Kawahara Y, Manabe T, Matsumoto M, Kajiume T, Matsumoto M, Yuge L. Zwaka, Thomas , 编. LIF-Free Embryonic Stem Cell Culture in Simulated Microgravity. PLoS ONE. 2009, 4 (7): e6343 [2017-01-27]. PMC 2710515 . PMID 19626124. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006343. （原始内容存档于2014-02-22）.
^ CGS : PTO Finds Stem Cell Patent Anticipated, Obvious in Light of 'Significant Guideposts'. （原始内容存档于2011-10-04）.

拓展閱讀

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