↑ 2,02,1López-Fernández, H. & D. C. Taphorn. 2004. Geophagus abalios, G. dicrozoster and G. winemilleri (Perciformes: Cichlidae), three new species from Venezuela. Zootaxa Núm. 439: 1-27.
↑Kullander, S. O. 1991:
Geophagus argyrostictus, a new species of cichlid fish from the Rio Xingu, Brazil. Cybium v. 15 (núm. 2): 129-138.
↑Schindler, I. & Staeck, W. (2006): Geophagus gottwaldi sp. n. - a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the drainage of the upper río Orinoco in Venezuela. Zoologische Abhandlungen, 56: 91-97.
↑Staeck, W. i I. Schindler 2006: Geophagus parnaibae sp. n. -- a new species of cichlid fish (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the rio Parnaíba basin, Brazil. Zoologische Abhandlungen, Staatliche Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde. v. 55: 69-75.
↑Eigenmann, C. H. 1922. The fishes of western South America, Part I. The fresh-water fishes of northwestern South America, including Colombia, Panama, and the Pacific slopes of Ecuador and Peru, together with an appendix upon the fishes of the Rio Meta in Colombia. Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum v. 9 (núm. 1): 1-346, Pls. 1-38.
↑Bloch, M. E. 1791. Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische. Berlín. Naturgeschichte der Ausländischen Fische. v. 5: i-viii + 1-152, Pls. 253-288.