Filin Jirgin Sama na Imperial | |
---|---|
| |
Bayanai | |
Iri | kamfani da kamfanin zirga-zirgar jirgin sama |
Masana'anta | sufurin jiragen sama da air transport (en) |
Ƙasa | Birtaniya |
Used by |
Handley Page Type W (en) |
Mulki | |
Hedkwata | Croydon (en) |
Tarihi | |
Ƙirƙira | 31 ga Maris, 1924 |
Founded in | Landan |
Mabiyi | Instone Air Line (en) , British Marine Air Navigation Co Ltd (en) , Daimler Airway (en) da Handley Page Transport (en) |
Ta biyo baya | British Overseas Airways Corporation (en) da British Airways Ltd. (en) |
Dissolved | 24 Nuwamba, 1939 |
Kamfanin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways shi ne kamfanin jirgin sama dake da dogon zango na Birtaniyya,wanda ke aiki daga shekarar 1924 zuwa shekarar 1939 kuma yana gudanar da hidimomin hanyoyin Masarautar Burtaniya zuwa Afirka ta Kudu,Indiya da Gabas ta Gabas, gami da Australi Malaya da Hong Kong.Fasinjoji galibi 'yan kasuwa ne ko masu gudanar da mulkin mallaka, yawancin jirage suna ɗaukar fasinjoji 20 ko ƙasa da haka.Haɗari sun kasance m:a cikin shekaru shida na farko, mutane 32 sun mutu a cikin abubuwa bakwai.Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways bai taba samun matakan kirkirar kere-kere na kere-kere ba,kuma an hade shi zuwa Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na Burtaniya na kasashen waje (BOAC) a cikin shekarar 1939.BOAC kuma ya hade da British European Airways (BEA) a shekarar 1974 don samar da British Airways.
Kafa Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya faru ne don dabbaqa ƙasashen ƙetare ta hanyar yin balaguro zuwa da dawowa daga yankuna cikin sauri, kuma wannan jirgin zai kuma hanzarta gwamnatin mulkin mallaka da kasuwancin da har zuwa lokacin ya dogara da jiragen ruwa. Kaddamar da kamfanin jirgin ya biyo bayan fashewar hanyar jirgin da aka gudanar a cikin Daular Birtaniyya bayan yakin duniya na farko, da kuma bayan wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaji (kuma galibi masu hatsari) masu nisan zango zuwa iyakokin Daular. [1]
An kirkiri filin jirgin Imperial Airways ne a bayan gasa mai tsananin gaske daga kamfanonin jiragen sama na Faransa da na Jamus waɗanda ke bunkasa da tallafin gwamnati da yawa da bin shawarwarin Kwamitin Caca na gwamnati (wanda aka fi sani da Kwamitin Tallafin CAT) ƙarƙashin Sir Herbert Hambling . [2] Kwamitin, wanda aka kafa a ranar 2 ga Janairun 1923, ya gabatar da rahoto a ranar 15 ga Fabrairu 1923 yana mai ba da shawarar cewa hudu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin jiragen sama na yanzu, da Instone Air Line Company, mallakar babban mai jigilar kaya Samuel Instone, Noel Pemberton Billing na British Marine Air Navigation (bangare na kamfanin Supermarine mai tashi da jirgin ruwa), da Daimler Airway, karkashin kulawar George Edward Woods, da Handley Page Transport Co Ltd., ya kamata a hade su. [3] An yi fatan cewa wannan zai haifar da kamfani wanda zai iya yin takara da gasar Faransa da ta Jamus kuma zai iya zama mai ƙarfi don haɓaka ayyukan jiragen sama na Burtaniya tare da rage tallafin da gwamnati ke bayarwa don ayyukan riɓi biyu. Tare da wannan duba, an bada tallafin £ 1m sama da shekaru goma don karfafa haɗakar. An kulla yarjejeniya tsakanin Shugaban Hukumar Kula da Jirgin Sama da British, Foreign and Colonial Corporation a ranar 3 ga Disambar 1923 ga kamfanin, a karkashin taken 'Imperial Air Transport Company' don mallakar ayyukan sufurin jiragen sama na yanzu a Burtaniya. Yarjejeniyar ta ayyana tallafin gwamnati ga sabon kamfanin: £ 137,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta ragu zuwa £ 32,000 a shekara ta goma gami da mafi karancin nisan tafiyar da za a cimma da kuma hukunci idan ba a sadu da su ba. [4]
An kafa Kamfanin Imperial Airways a ranar 31 ga Maris 1924 tare da kayan aiki daga kowane abin da ke ba da gudummawa: British Marine Air Navigation Company Ltd, Daimler Airway, Handley Page Transport Ltd da Instone Air Line Ltd. An nada Sir Eric Geddes shugaban hukumar tare da darekta guda daga kowane kamfanin suka hade. Gwamnati ta nada daraktoci biyu, Caca (wanda kuma shi ne Shugaban Cibiyar Bankunan ) da Manjo John Hills, tsohon Sakataren Kudi na Baitul malin.
Hada-Hadan filayen sun kasance ne a Filin jirgin saman Croydon da ke kudancin London. Nan da nan kamfanin IAL ya dakatar da aikin magabata zuwa arewacin London, kamfanin jirgin yana mai da hankali ne kan bautar ƙasa da ƙasa maimakon na cikin gida. Bayan haka jirgin IAL kawai da ke aiki 'Arewacin Watford' yawo ne na haya.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Matsalolin masana'antu tare da matukan jirgin sunyi sanadiyyar jinkirta fara ayyukan har zuwa 26 ga Afrilu 1924, lokacin da aka buɗe hanyar London zuwa Paris kowace rana tare da de Havilland DH.34 . [5] Bayan haka aikin faɗaɗa hanyoyi tsakanin Ingila da Nahiyar ya fara, tare da Southampton – Guernsey a ranar 1 ga Mayu 1924, London-Brussels – Cologne a ranar 3 ga Mayu, London – Amsterdam a 2 Yuni 1924, da hidimar bazara daga London – Paris – Basel –Zürich a ranar 17 ga Yuni 1924. Sabon jirgin sama na farko da Imperial Airways ya umarta, shine Handley Page W8f City na Washington, wanda aka gabatar a ranar 3 Nuwamba 1924. A cikin shekarar farko ta aiki kamfanin ya dauki fasinjoji 11,395 da haruffa 212,380. A watan Afrilu 1925, fim din Thearshen Duniya ya zama fim na farko da aka fara duba fasinjoji a kan jirgin jirgin sama da aka shirya lokacin da aka nuna shi a kan hanyar London zuwa Paris.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Tsakanin 16 Nuwamba 1925 da 13 Maris 1926, Alan Cobham ya yi jirgin binciken jirgin Imperial Airways daga Burtaniya zuwa Cape Town ya dawo cikin Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar –powered de Havilland DH.50J floatplane G-EBFO . Hanyar waje ita ce London - Paris - Marseille - Pisa - Taranto - Athens - Sollum - Alkahira - Luxor - Aswan - Wadi Halfa - Atbara - Khartoum - Malakal - Mongalla - Jinja - Kisumu - Tabora - Abercorn - Ndola - Broken Hill - Livingstone - Bulawayo - Pretoria - Johannesburg - Kimberley - Blomfontein - Cape Town . Bayan dawowars Cobham ya sami lambar yabo ta Air Force Cross saboda ayyukansa na jirgin sama.[ana buƙatar hujja]
A ranar 30 ga Yuni 1926, Cobham ya tashi daga Kogin Medway a Rochester a G-EBFO don yin binciken hanyar jirgin sama na Imperial Airways don sabis zuwa Melbourne, yana zuwa 15 ga Agusta 1926. Ya bar Melbourne a ranar 29 ga Agusta 1926, kuma, bayan ya kammala 28,000 nautical miles (32,000 mi; 52,000 km) a cikin awanni 320 na yawo sama da kwanaki 78, ya sauka a Thames a Westminster a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1926. Sakataren Harkokin Jirgin Sama, Sir Samuel Hoare ya sadu da Cobham, kuma daga baya HM King George V ya yi masa kyakkyawa.[ana buƙatar hujja]
A ranar 27 ga Disamba 1926, Imperial Airways de Havilland DH.66 Hercules G-EBMX City na Delhi sun bar Croydon don binciken jirgin zuwa Indiya. Jirgin ya isa Karachi a ranar 6 ga Janairun 1927 da Delhi a kan 8 Janairu 1927. Lady Irwin, matar Viceroy ne ya sanyawa jirgin suna a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1927. Jirgin dawowa ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu 1927 kuma ya isa Heliopolis, Alkahira a ranar 7 ga Fabrairu 1927. Lokacin tashi daga Croydon zuwa Delhi ya kasance awanni 62 na mintina 27 da Delhi zuwa Heliopolis awanni 32 da mintuna 50. [6].
Sabis na yau da kullun akan hanyar Alkahira zuwa Basra ya fara ne a ranar 12 ga Janairun 1927 ta amfani da jirgin DH.66, ya maye gurbin jirgin saman RAF na baya. [6] Bayan tattaunawa na tsawon shekaru 2 tare da hukumomin Farisa game da haƙƙin sararin samaniya, sabis ɗin London zuwa Karachi ya fara a ranar 30 ga Maris 1929, yana ɗaukar kwanaki 7 kuma ya ƙunshi jirgi daga Landan zuwa Basle, jirgin ƙasa zuwa Genoa da Short S.8 Calcutta jirgin ruwan da ke tashi zuwa Alexandria, jirgin kasa zuwa Alkahira sannan a ƙarshe jirgin DH.66 zuwa Karachi. An faɗaɗa hanyar zuwa Delhi a ranar 29 Disamba 1929. Hanya tsakanin Turai da Bahar Rum ya canza sau da yawa a cikin fewan shekaru masu zuwa amma kusan koyaushe yana da titin jirgin ƙasa.
A watan Afrilu 1931 an yi gwajin jirgi mai tashi a iska daga Landan- Australia; an canza wasikar a Dutch East Indies, kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 26 gaba ɗaya don isa Sydney . Don jirgin fasinja da ya tashi daga Landan a ranar 1 ga Oktoba 1932, hanyar ta Gabas ta sauya daga Farisa zuwa bangaren Larabawa na Tekun Fasha, kuma an gabatar da jiragen saman Handley Page HP 42 a kan Alkahira zuwa bangaren Karachi. Yunkurin ya ga an kafa tashar jirgin sama da hutawa, Mahatta Fort, a cikin cialasar Trucial ta Sharjah yanzu wani ɓangare na Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.[ana buƙatar hujja]
A ranar 29 ga watan Mayu 1933 bincike da akayi tsakanin Ingila zuwa Australiya ya tashi, wanda ke karkashin Imperial Airways Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta G-ABTL Astraea . Manjo HG Brackley, Imperial Airways 'Air Superintendent, shi ke kula da jirgin. Astraea ta tashi zuwa Croydon - Paris - Lyon - Rome - Brindisi - Athens - Alexandria - Alkahira inda ta bi hanyar da ta dace zuwa Karachi sannan ta zarce zuwa Jodhpur - Delhi - Calcutta - Akyab - Rangoon - Bangkok - Prachuab - Alor Setar - Singapore - Palembang - Batavia - Sourabaya - Bima - Koepang - Bathurst Island - Darwin - Ruwan Newcastle - Camooweal - Cloncurry - Longreach - Roma - Toowoomba ya isa Eagle Farm, Brisbane a ranar 23 ga Yuni. An ziyarci Sydney a ranar 26 Yuni, Canberra a ranar 28 Yuni da Melbourne a 29 Yuni.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Sannan an fadada gabacin filin jirgin. Birnin Landan farko zuwa sabis na Calcutta ya tashi a ranar 1 ga Yuli 1933, London na farko zuwa Rangoon a ranar 23 ga Satumba 1933, London da Singapore na farko zuwa sabis a ranar 9 ga Disamba 1933, da kuma London da Brisbane na farko a ranar 8 Disamba 1934, tare da Qantas ke da alhakin bangaren Singapore zuwa Brisbane. (Farawa ta 1934 don ta wasiƙa ne; jiragen fasinjoji zuwa Brisbane sun fara watan Afrilu mai zuwa. ) Fasinjojin Landan na farko zuwa Hong Kong sun tashi daga Landan ranar 14 ga Maris 1936 biyo bayan kafa reshe daga Penang zuwa Hong Kong.[ana buƙatar hujja]
A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu 1931 aka fara hidimar mako-mako tsakanin London da Mwanza a tafkin Victoria a Tanganyika a matsayin wani ɓangare na hanyar da aka tsara zuwa Cape Town . A ranar 9 ga Disamba 1931 aka shimfida sabis na Imperial Airways na Afirka ta Tsakiya ta gwaji zuwa Cape Town don ɗaukar wasikun Kirsimeti. Jirgin da aka yi amfani da shi a sashin da ya gabata, DH66 G-AARY City of Karachi ya isa Cape Town a ranar 21 Disamba 1931. A ranar 20 ga Janairun 1932 aka buɗe hanyar hanyar aika wasiƙa zuwa London zuwa Cape Town. A ranar 27 ga Afrilu an buɗe wannan hanya ga fasinjoji kuma ya ɗauki kwanaki 10. A farkon 1933 Atalantas ya maye gurbin DH.66s akan hanyar Kisumu zuwa Cape Town na hanyar London zuwa Cape Town. [7] A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu 1936 kamfanin sufurin jiragen sama na Imperial Airways ya buɗe hanyar zuwa Afirka tsakanin Khartoum da Kano a Najeriya. An faɗaɗa wannan hanyar zuwa Lagos a ranar 15 ga Oktoba 1936.
A cikiin shekarata 1937 tare da gabatar da Jirgin Ruwa na Short Empire wanda aka gina a Short Brothers, Imperial Airways zai iya ba da sabis ta hanyar aiki daga Southampton zuwa Daular. Tafiya zuwa Cape din ya bi ta Marseille,Rome, Brindisi,Athens, Alexandria, Khartoum, Port Bell, Kisumu kuma daga nan ta hanyar sana'ar ƙasa zuwa Nairobi,Mbeya kuma daga ƙarshe Cape Town . Hakanan an yi jigilar jiragen sama a tsallaken Tekun Atlantika zuwa New Zealand . A tsakiyar 1937 Imperial ya kammala hidimarsa ta dubu ga Daular. Farawa a cikin 1938 jiragen ruwa masu tasowa kuma sun tashi tsakanin Birtaniyya da Ostiraliya ta Indiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya.
A watan Maris, shekara ta 1939 Shorts uku a mako guda sun bar Southampton zuwa Australia, suna isa Sydney bayan kwana goma na tashi da jirage tara na dare. Sauran uku sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, suna ɗaukar kwanaki shida na tashi zuwa Durban.
Jirgin na Imperial karami ne, mafi yawancin wuraren zama ba su wuce wajen fasinjoji ashirin ba; kimanin fasinjoji dubu 50 suka yi amfani da Imperial Airways a cikin shekarun 1930. Yawancin fasinjoji a kan hanyoyin ƙasashe ko kan sabis tsakanin da masarautun Biritaniya maza ne ke gudanar da mulkin mallaka, kasuwanci ko bincike. Da farko dai attajirai ne kawai zasu iya biyan kudin jirgi, amma jerin fasinjoji ya yawaita a hankali. Kwarewar tafiye-tafiye masu alaƙa da tashi da ƙasa da ƙasa, kuma an ba da rahotonsu da farin ciki a cikin jaridu, mujallu da littattafai. [8] Akwai dama don yawon buɗe ido daga sama da tasha. [9]
Kamfanin jirgin sama na Imperial Airways ya girka ma'aikatan jirgin saman jirgin maza da mata, da ma'aikatan jirgi da ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da tsawon hanyoyin sa. Injiniyoyin injiniyoyi da sifetoci - da ma'aikatan ƙasa kan juyawa ko tafiya - sun yi tafiya a kan jirgin ba tare da samar da kuɗin shiga ba. Da yawa daga cikin ma'aikatan jirgin sama sun rasa rayukansu a cikin hadari. A ƙarshen 1930s lambobin ƙungiya sun kusan 3,000. Ana sa ran dukkan ma’aikatan za su kasance jakadun Burtaniya da daular Biritaniya. [8]
A cikin shekara ta 1934 Gwamnati ta fara tattaunawa da Imperial Airways don kafa sabis ( Tsarin Jirgin Sama na Jirgin Sama ) don ɗaukar wasiƙa ta iska a kan hanyoyin da kamfanin jirgin ke amfani da su. Kai tsaye wadannan tattaunawar sun kai ga sallamar a cikin 1936 na Sir Christopher Bullock, Babban Sakatare na Dindindin a Ma’aikatar Jiragen Sama, wanda Kwamitin Bincike ya gano ya yi amfani da matsayinsa wajen neman mukami a kwamitin kamfanin yayin tattaunawar. suna cikin jirgin. Gwamnati, ciki har da Firayim Minista, ta yi nadamar shawarar sallamar sa, daga baya ta gano cewa, a zahiri, ba a zargin rashawa kuma ta nemi a dawo da Bullock wanda ya ki.
Shirin Wasikar Jirgin Sama ya fara ne a watan Yulin 1937, ana aikawa ko'ina don 1 d./oz. A tsakiyar 1938 an aika tan ɗari na wasiƙa zuwa Indiya da irin wannan adadin zuwa Afirka. A cikin wannan shekarar, an fara ginin a kan Terminal Empire a Victoria, London, wanda A. Lakeman ya tsara kuma tare da mutum-mutumi na Eric Broadbent, Speed Wings Over the World yana ɗaukar tashar da ke saman babbar ƙofar. Daga tashar jirgin akwai haɗin jirgin ƙasa zuwa jiragen ruwan Imperial a Southampton da masu horarwa zuwa tashar jirgin saman ta a filin jirgin saman Croydon . Tashar tayi aiki kwanan nan kamar 1980.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Don taimakawa da inganta amfani da sabis ɗin Jirgin Sama, a cikin Yuni da Yuli 1939, Imperial Airways sun halarci tare da Pan American Airways wajen samar da sabis na musamman "a duk duniya"; Imperial ya ɗauki wasiƙar tun daga Foynes, Ireland, zuwa Hongkong, daga gabashin gabas zuwa New York zuwa hanyar New York. Pan American ya ba da sabis daga New York zuwa Foynes (tashi 24 ga Yuni, ta jirgin farko na FAM 18 na Arewa) da Hongkong zuwa San Francisco (ta hanyar FAM 14), kuma Kamfanin Jirgin Sama na United ya ɗauka a ƙafa na ƙarshe daga San Francisco zuwa New York, zuwa ranar 28 Yuli.[ana buƙatar hujja]
Kyaftin HWC Alger ne matukin jirgin for karon iska mail jirgin dauke mail daga Ingila zuwa Australia a karon farko a kan Short Empire flyingboat Castor ga na mallaka Airways 'dauloli Air hanyoyi, a 1937.
A watan Nuwamba she kara ta 2016, shekaru 80 daga baya, jirgin Crete2Cape Vintage Air Rally ya tashi wannan tsohuwar hanyar tare da jiragen saman girbi goma sha biyar - bikin ƙwarewar ƙwarewar waɗannan ƙwararrun jiragen.
Kafin barkewar yaki a ranar 1 ga Satumbar 1939, gwamnatin Birtaniyya ta riga ta aiwatar da Dokar Kewaya Na iska ((kuntatawa a Lokacin Yaƙin) Dokar 1939. Hakan ya ba da umarnin karbe ikon sojoji filayen jiragen saman fararen hula da yawa a Burtaniya, dakatar da duk wasu jirage masu zaman kansu ba tare da izinin kowane jirgin ba, da sauran matakan gaggawa. Wani sashen doka ne na ma'aikatar iska mai taken National Communications Communications (NAC). Zuwa 1 ga Satumba 1939, an tura jiragen da gwamnatocin Imperial Airways da British Airways Ltd zuwa filin jirgin saman Bristol (Whitchurch), don yin aiki tare da NAC. A ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1940, Imperial Airways Ltd da British Airways Ltd an hade su a hukumance zuwa wani sabon kamfani, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC), wanda tuni an kirkireshi a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba Nuwamba 1939 tare da shirye-shiryen hada-hadar kuɗi. [10]
Jirgin sama na Imperial Airways yana aiki nau'ikan jirgin sama da yawa daga samuwar sa a ranar 1 ga Afrilu 1924 har zuwa 1 ga Afrilu 1940 lokacin da duk jiragen da ke aiki ke canzawa zuwa BOAC .
Aircraft | Type | Number | Period | Names | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.I | landplane City class |
3 | 1926–34 | Birmingham (crashed 1931), City of Wellington (later City of Arundel) (1934), Glasgow (retired 1934) | |
Armstrong Whitworth Argosy Mk.II | 4 | 1929–35 | City of Edinburgh (wrecked 1926), City of Liverpool (wrecked 1933), City of Manchester (sold 1935) and City of Coventry (scrapped 1935) | [14] | |
Armstrong Whitworth Atalanta | landplane Atalanta class |
8 | 1932–41 | Atalanta (sold), Andromeda (withdrawn 1939), Arethusa (renamed Atalanta), Artemis, Astraea, Athena (burnt 1936), Aurora (sold) and Amalthea (wrecked 1938). | For Nairobi-Cape Town leg on South Africa route & Karachi-Singapore leg on Australia route. |
Armstrong Whitworth Ensign | landplane Ensign class |
12 | 1938–46 | Empire type (27 passengers) Ensign, Egeria, Elsinore, Euterpe, Explorer, Euryalus, Echo, Endymion and Western Type (40 passengers) Eddystone, Ettrick, Empyrean and Elysian | Everest & Enterprise delivered to BOAC. Intended to deliver 1st-class mail to the Empire by air.[17] |
Avro 618 Ten | landplane | 2 | 1930–38 | Achilles (crashed 1938) Apollo (collided with radio mast 1933) | licence-built Fokker F.VII 3/m[15] |
Avro 652 | 2 | 1936–38 | Avalon and Avatar (later Ava) to RAF in 1938. | Prototypes for Anson bomber/trainer[15] | |
Boulton & Paul P.71A | landplane Bodiciea class |
2 | 1934–36 | Bodiciea (lost 1935) and Britomart (lost 1936) | Experimental mailplanes[18] |
Bristol Type 75 Ten-seater | landplane | 2 | 1924–26 | G-EAWY, G-EBEV (retired 1925) | ex-Instone Air Line used as freighters |
de Havilland DH.34 | 7 | 1924–26 | ex-Instone Air Line G-EBBR (wrecked 1924), G-EBBT (scrapped 1930), G-EBBV (scrapped 1926), G-EBBW (scrapped 1926) and ex-Daimler Airway G-EBBX (wrecked 1924), G-EBBY (scrapped 1926), G-EBCX (wrecked 1924) | [5] | |
de Havilland DH.50 | 3 | 1924–33 | G-EBFO (damaged 1924 and sold), G-EBFP (scrapped 1933), G-EBKZ (crashed 1928) | G-EBFO used for surveys, later fitted with twin floats and sold in Australia | |
de Havilland DH.54 Highclere | 1 | 1924–27 | G-EBKI | freighter, destroyed in hangar collapse | |
de Havilland Giant Moth | 1 | 1930-30 | G-AAEV (wrecked 1930) | crashed in Northern Rhodesia 2 weeks after hand over. | |
de Havilland Hercules | 9 | 1926–35 | City of Cairo (wrecked 1931), City of Delhi (to SAAF 1934), City of Baghdad (withdrawn 1933), City of Jerusalem, City of Tehran, City of Basra (to SAAF 1934), City of Karachi (withdrawn 1935), City of Jodhpur (sold) and City of Cape Town (sold) | ||
de Havilland DH.86 | landplane Diana class |
12 | 1934–41 | Daedalus (burned 1938), Danae, Dardanus, Delia (wrecked 1941), Delphinus, Demeter, Denebola, Dido, Dione, Dorado, Draco (wrecked 1935), and Dryad (sold 1938) | All surviving aircraft impressed in 1941 |
de Havilland Albatross | landplane Frobisher class |
7 | 1938–43 | Faraday (impressed 1940), Franklin (impressed 1940), Frobisher (destroyed 1940), Falcon (scrapped 1943), Fortuna (crashed 1943), Fingal (crashed 1940) and Fiona (scrapped 1943). | 1 used as long range mail carrier[19] |
Desoutter IB | landplane | 1 | 1933–35 | G-ABMW | Air-taxi No 6 |
Handley Page O/10 | 1 | 1924-24 | G-EATH | ex-Handley Page Transport but never used | |
Handley Page W8b | 3 | 1924–32 | Princess Mary (wrecked 1928), Prince George (retired 1929) and Prince Henry (retired 1932)[12] | ex-Handley Page Transport[12] | |
Handley Page W8f Hamilton | 1 | 1924–30 | City of Washington (wrecked 1930)[12] | Converted to twin engines and redesignated as W8g in 1929 | |
Handley Page W9a Hampstead | 1 | 1926–29 | City of New York (sold 1929)[12] | ||
Handley Page W10 | 4 | 1926–33 | City of Melbourne (sold 1933), City of Pretoria (sold 1933), City of London (crashed 1926) and City of Ottawa (crashed 1929).[12] | ||
Handley Page H.P.42E | landplane Hannibal class |
4 | 1931–40 | Hannibal (wrecked 1940), Horsa (impressed 1940), Hanno (wrecked 1940), Hadrian (impressed 1940) | (24 passengers) used on long "Empire" routes[16] |
Handley Page H.P.42W/H.P.45 | landplane Heracles class |
4 | 1931–40 | Heracles (wrecked 1940), Horatius (wrecked 1939), Hengist (wrecked 1937) and Helena (impressed 1940) | (38 passengers) on short "Western" routes, Hengist and Helena converted to H.P.42E.[16] |
Short S.8 Calcutta | flying boat | 5 | 1928–35 | City of Alexandria (wrecked 1936), City of Athens (later City of Stonehaven) (scrapped), City of Rome (wrecked 1929), City of Khartoum (wrecked 1935) and City of Salonica (later City of Swanage) (scrapped)[13] | |
Short S.17 Kent | flying boat Scipio class |
3 | 1931–38 | Scipio (wrecked 1936), Sylvanus (burned 1935) and Satyrus (scrapped 1938)[13] | |
Short L.17 Scylla | landplane | 2 | 1934–40 | Scylla (wrecked 1940) and Syrinx (scrapped 1940) | Landplane version of Kent, replacement for lost H.P.42s.[20] |
Short Mayo Composite | flying boat | 2 | 1938–40 | Mercury (scrapped 1941) and Maia (destroyed in German raid, 1942). | Long range piggyback Composite aircraft derived from Short Empire. |
Short S.23 Empire | flying boat C class |
31 | 1936–47 | Canopus, Caledonia, Centaurus, Cavalier, Cambria, Castor, Cassiopea, Capella, Cygnus, Capricornus, Corsair, Courtier, Challenger, Centurion, Coriolanus, Calpurnia, Ceres, Clio, Circe, Calypso, Camilla, Corinna, Cordelia, Cameronian, Corinthian, Coogee, Corio, and Coorong. Carpentaria, Coolangatta, Cooee delivered but not used, and transferred to Qantas | provided mail and passenger service to Bermuda, South Africa and Australia.[21][22] |
Short S.26 | flying boat G class |
3 | 1939–40 | Golden Hind, Golden Fleece and Golden Horn | Built for trans-atlantic service, impressed by RAF before entering revenue service. 2 returned to BOAC service and used until 1947. |
Short S.30 Empire | flying boat C class |
9 | 1938–47 | Champion, Cabot, Caribou, Connemara, Clyde, Clare, Cathay, Ao-tea-roa (to TEAL as Aotearoa), Captain Cook (to TEAL as Awarua). | long range variant of S.23[21][22] |
Supermarine Sea Eagle | flying boat | 2 | 1924–29 | Sarnia/G-EBGR (retired 1929) and G-EBGS (wrecked 1927) | ex-British Marine Air Navigation |
Supermarine Southampton | 1 | 1929–30 | G-AASH | RAF S1235 on loan for 3 months to replace crashed Calcutta on Genoa-Alexandria airmail run.[23] | |
Supermarine Swan | 1 | 1925–27 | G-EBJY (scrapped 1927) | RAF prototype loaned for cross-Channel service | |
Vickers Vanguard | landplane | 1 | 1926–29 | G-EBCP (wrecked 1929) | on loan from Air Ministry for evaluation |
Vickers Vellox | 1 | 1934–36 | G-ABKY (wrecked 1936) | cargo/experimental flights. Crashed at Croyden in August killing pilots and two wireless operators.[24] | |
Vickers Vimy Commercial | 1 | 1924–25 | City of London (wrecked 1925) | ex-Instone Air Line[25] | |
Vickers Vulcan | 3 | 1924–28 | G-EBLB/City of Brussels (wrecked 1928), G-EBFC (withdrawn 1924 unused), G-EBEK (loaned from Air Ministry for 1925 Empire Exhibition Display.) | [11] | |
Westland IV and Wessex | 3 | 1931–37 | G-AAGW, G-ABEG (wrecked 1936), G-ACHI | 2 leased to other operators. IV (G-AAGW) upgraded to Wessex.[26] |
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tag; name "Avro" defined multiple times with different content