Gombe, Kinshasa

Gombe, Kinshasa
Wuri
4°18′11″S 15°18′12″E / 4.3031°S 15.3033°E / -4.3031; 15.3033
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango
Province ^(en)	Kinshasa ^(en)
First-level administrative division ^(en)	Kinshasa
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	32,400 (2004)
• Yawan mutane	1,104.67 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	29.33 km²

'Gombe' (wanda aka fi sani da Kalina), wanda aka fi sani le La Gombe, ko Downtown Kinshasa, yana ɗaya daga cikin yankuna 24 na Kinshasa, a yammacin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC).^[1] ƙunshi babban yanki na kusan murabba'in kilomita 29.33 (kilomita murabba'i na murabba'insa mil 11.32), gida ne ga kimanin mazauna 49,024 (2014).^[2][3]

Yana aiki a matsayin yanki mai zama da kuma Gundumar kasuwanci ta tsakiya, Gombe yana da manyan cibiyoyin gwamnati da yawa na DRC, gami da Palais de la Nation, Babban Bankin Kongo, ma'aikatu daban-daban, kungiyoyin kafofin watsa labarai, da Wakilan diflomasiyya. Gombe tana aiki a matsayin cibiyar manyan cibiyoyin hada-hadar kudi na DRC, cibiyar ayyukanta na kasuwanci, da kuma hedkwatar Ofishin Jakadancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (MONUSCO).^[4][5]

Asalin gidajen ofisoshin mulkin mallaka, cités indigènes, unguwanni da aka nufa ga wadanda ba masu mulkin mallaka ba, an kafa su a kusa da yankin. Yanzu ita karamar hukuma mai Garin girma a Kinshasa.^[6] da binciken da kamfanin bincike na Amurka Mercer ya yi a shekarar 2014, Gombe shine wuri mafi tsada don zama a Afirka da kuma duniya baki daya.^[7]

Ci gaban ya karu sosai bayan 2021 tare da sababbin gine-gine da yawa da ake ginawa kusa da Avenue de Colonel Tshatshi ciki har da sabon Cibiyar Kudi ta Kinshasa da Galeries de la Fontaine Shopping Mall.

Wurin da yake

Arewa maso gabas

Da yake tafiya zuwa yamma, iyakar ta fito ne daga sansanin Lt Col Kokolo zuwa layin ƙarfin lantarki, yana saukowa zuwa Kogin Gombe da haɗuwa da Kogin Kongo. Wata hanyar^[8] ke haɗa mai ba da gudummawa zuwa iyakar iyakar Jamhuriyar Kongo mafi kusa.^[8][9]

Kudancin

kudu, yana bin hanyar jirgin ƙasa zuwa Kogin Bitshiaku-Tshiaku, yana nuna muhimmiyar canji tare da kudancin kudancin. Yankin ya bi Kogin Bitshiaku-Tshiaku zuwa Gabora Avenue. Ya ci gaba zuwa Avenue du Télégraphe, ya haɗu da Avenue Bokasa, sannan Avenue Rwakadingi, Village, Lualaba, Wangata, da Mont des Arts Avenues. ^[9] haɗu da Avenue Victimes de la Rébellion, Avenue Du 24 Nuwamba, yana ƙare a Camp Lt Col Kokolo . [1]

Yamma

Gombe tana da matsayi mai kyau a yankin arewa maso gabashin, tana raba iyakarta da Jamhuriyar Kongo . Yankin ya fara ne daga wurin da ya fi kusa da haɗuwar Kogin Kongo da Kogin Gombe, yana kaiwa zuwa wurin da Kogin Kongo ya haɗu da Kogin Funa. ^[8] can, iyakar ta bi hanyar Kogin Funa har sai da ta haɗu da Matadi-Kinshasa Railway.

Tarihi

masu mulkin mallaka na Turai su isa, ƙauyen kamun kifi na Kinshasa" Nshasa (yanzu Kinshasa) an kafa shi kuma mutanen Teke da Humbu ne ke zaune a gefen Kogin Kongo. Henry Morton Stanley ya kafa wani wurin kasuwanci kusa da ƙauyen kuma ya ba shi suna Kinshasa" Léopoldville (Kinshasa ta zamani) bayan ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniya tare da shugaban Teke Ntsuvila a 1887. kammala Matadi-Kinshasa Railway, wanda ya haɗa gidan zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa ta Matadi kusa da Tekun Atlantika a cikin 1898, da kuma gina bututun mai a cikin 1914, Léopoldville ya girma ya zama birni. Birnin ^[10] faɗaɗa zuwa gabas, yana rufe dukan gefen dama na Boulevard Du 30 Yuni, yana shimfiɗa daga Babban Tashar Kinshasa zuwa Jami'ar Koyarwa ta Kasa. ^[10] kafa wani yanki na musamman na Turai, wanda fararen mutane ke iya isa kawai, kuma an sanya masa suna "Gundumar Kalina," don girmama Lieutenant E. Kallina, sojan Austro-Hungary wanda ya yi aiki a cikin Force Publique.

A shekara ta 1957, Léopoldville ta sami rarrabuwa ta gudanarwa zuwa yankuna, kuma tsohon Gundumar Kalina ta zama ɗaya daga cikin yankuna 13 na farko na Léopoldvila.^[11][12] An tsara canjin ne ta hanyar dokar ranar 26 ga watan Maris, 1957, inda aka nada Van Heck Robert na Belgium a matsayin magajin garin Kalina. ^[9] baya, Mista Ikama ya zama shugabanci a ranar 30 ga Yuni, 1960, biyo bayan canje-canje bayan samun 'yancin kai, rawar da ya cika har zuwa 1968.

Bayan da al'ummar kasar suka samu 'yancin kai daga kasar Beljiyam da kuma mayar da birnin suna zuwa Kinshasa a lokacin da Mobutu Sese Seko ya yi ingantacciyar manufofinsa, sai aka maye gurbin sunan Kalina da Gombe A watan Oktoba 1971.^[13][14] Gombe ta samo sunan ta ne daga kogin Gombe, wanda ke kewaye da larduna bakwai a tsakiyar birnin, kalmar aro ce daga sarkin gargajiya "Humbu", wanda ya taba mulkin yankin Selembao na wannan zamani da ke kudu maso yammacin Kinshasa. ^[9]

Gwamnati da ababen more rayuwa

CHESD, Gombe, Nuwamba 2022

Gombe na karbar wasu daga cikin manyan hukumomin gwamnatin DRC da suka hada da Palais de la Nation da Babban Bankin Kongo a kan Boulevard Colonel Tshatshi.^{[15] [16]} Ma'aikatu daban-daban da kungiyoyin diflomasiyya da na yada labarai suma suna nan a Gombe. Zauren birnin Kinshasa da majalisar lardi duk suna cikin garin Gombe. Iyaye, DGM na ma'aikatar harkokin cikin gida da tsaro tana Gombe, da kuma hedkwatar BPEA, hukumar ma'aikatar sufuri da tashoshin sadarwa .

Gombe da daddare

MONUSCO, rundunar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, tana cikin dabarun yaƙi a Gombe. Kwalejin Boboto fitacciyar cibiyar ilimi ce da ke Gombe

REGIDESO, kamfanin samar da ruwan sha na DRC, yana kan Boulevard Du 30 Juin a Gombe.

Société Nationale d'Électricité shine kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na ƙasa na jamhuriyar demokradiyyar Kongo mai hedikwatarsa a Gombe.

Gare de l'Est babban tashar jirgin kasa ce dake cikin garin Gombe.

Babban asibitin Kinshasa, daya daga cikin manya kuma sanannun asibitoci a Jamhuriyar Dimokaradiyyar Kwango, yana da hedikwata a Gombe.

Société Commerciale des Transports et des Ports (SCPT) kamfani ne na sufuri da sarrafa tashar jiragen ruwa mallakar gwamnati dake Gombe.

Collège des Hautes Études de Stratégie et de Défense (CHESD) ita ce babbar cibiyar horar da dabaru da tsaron ƙasa, wacce ke cikin dabara a Gombe.

Gombe, Fabrairu 2013

Hôtel du Gouvernement ginin gwamnati ne da ke kusa da Boulevard du 30 Juin a cikin Gombe wanda ke zama hedkwatar ma'aikatun gwamnatin tsakiya da yawa kuma yana ɗaukar ayyukan jama'a daban-daban.

Ba zato ba tsammani, Gombe yana da gidaje Lycée Bosangani (Bosangani High School), Institut National de Sécurité Sociale (INSS), Center Médical de Kinshasa (CMK), da Palais de la Justice.

Abubuwan jan hankali

Académie des Beaux-Arts (ABA)

Académie des Beaux-Arts, Yuni 2013

Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts), dake Gombe, cibiyar ilimi ce da ke mai da hankali kan koyar da zane-zane na gani da aikace-aikace . Makarantar ta ƙunshi yankunan Avenue de la Libération, Avenue de La Science, da Avenue de la River kuma tana kewaye da wurin shakatawa inda baƙi za su iya kallon sassaka-tsalle na asali, zane-zanen mai, da sauran abubuwan da ɗalibai suka yi akan nuni. Bugu da ƙari, masu yawon bude ido za su iya shaida masu fasaha a wurin aiki kuma su shiga tattaunawa da su.

Wani dan mishan dan kasar Belgium Marc Stanislas Wallenda ne ya kafa makarantar a shekarar 1943 a Gombe-Matadi a lardin Kongo ta tsakiya . Asalin sunan shi "École Saint-Luc," ya fara ne a matsayin bita na sassaka saboda yawan itace a yankin. ^[17] A cikin 1949, an ƙaura da makarantar Saint Luc zuwa Léopoldville ( Kinshasa ) kuma an sake masa suna "Académie des Beaux-Arts" a cikin 1957. Bayan lokaci, an ƙara sababbin zaɓuɓɓuka, ciki har da zanen (1950), yumbura (1953), Metal Metal (1971), tallace-tallace (1970), kayan ado na ciki (1970), da kuma kiyayewa da maido da ayyukan fasaha (2013). ^[17]

A yau makarantar ta samar da muhallin horaswa da kuma dandali na gwaji da nune-nune a Gombe, wanda zai baiwa dalibai damar bunkasa halayensu na fasaha.

Tsakiyar Marche

Babban Kasuwar Kinshasa, wacce ake kira Zando a Lingala, kasuwa ce mai cike da cunkoso da kuzari a Gombe. Yana daya daga cikin kasuwannin da suka fi rayuwa a cikin Kinshasa tare da ayyukan kasuwa ya mamaye titunan da ke makwabtaka da kwaminisancin Kinshasa da Barumbu . Kasuwa sananne ne don nau'ikan samfuran ta, gami da sabbin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, kayan yaji, nama da kifi da aka samu a gida, tufafi, yadudduka, takalma, kayan haɗi, da kayan gida . Kasuwar kuma tana ba da kayan aikin hannu na musamman na Kongo da abubuwan tunawa ga masu yawon bude ido da baƙi.

Jardin Botanique

Jardin botanique de Kinshasa, Agusta 2022

Jardin Botanique lambu ne na kayan lambu a Gombe, daura da Jardin Zoologique . Yana rufe yanki mai fadin hectare bakwai, yana dauke da tarin nau'ikan tsirrai 286 da suka hada da baobabs, mangwaro, ayaba, gwanda, da kofi . Cibiyar Kula da Yanayin Kwango ce ke kula da lambun (Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature ; ICCN). Da farko an kafa shi a cikin 1933 da sunan Fernand De Boeck Park a babban birnin kasar Kongo Belgian, an yi watsi da shi shekaru da yawa har zuwa farkon shekarun 2000 lokacin da aka dawo da ita tare da taimakon kungiyoyi daban-daban irin su Tarayyar Turai, Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don kiyayewa. Yanayi, Lambun Botanical na Ƙasa na Belgium, da Abokan Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na yanayi da Lambuna . ^[18] Yanzu, yana aiki azaman dandamali don ayyukan ilimin muhalli kuma yana alfahari da nau'ikan bishiyoyi sama da 100. ^[18]

Ciniki

Cinekin ita ce sarkar silima ta duniya ta farko a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo (DRC), musamman a Kinshasa. Daya daga cikin gidajen wasan kwaikwayo na fim din yana lamba 7, avenue Père Boka a cikin Gombe, a cikin harabar Collège Boboto, wanda a da ake kira Collège Albert 1er. Wannan silima tana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kuma mafi girma a Kinshasa. Ana nuna fina-finan a babban ɗakin wasan kwaikwayo kuma ana iya kallon su a gidan yanar gizon su. Galibin fina-finan da aka gabatar fina-finan Amurka ne da aka yi wa lakabi da Faransanci, yayin da wasu kadan ke cikin Turanci da fassarar Faransanci .

Beach Ngobila

Tekun Ngobila (waɗanda mazauna wurin ke magana da kawai Tekun ) yana aiki a matsayin tashar jiragen ruwa na fasinjoji da ke tafiya a cikin kogin Kongo tsakanin Kinshasa da Brazzaville . Tana kusa da tsibirin Ile aux Pierres da tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Gabas Kinshasa. Kamfanin Société Commerciale des Transports et des Ports (SCPT) ne ke kula da tashar tare da haɗin gwiwar tsohuwar Agence Transcongolaise des Transports don tabbatar da aiki mai sauƙi.

Memorial du Soldat Congolais

Memorial du Soldat Kongolais wani abin tunawa ne da ke FORESCOM Roundabout a Gombe. An gina shi ne domin tunawa da sojojin Kongo da suka taka rawa wajen tsara tarihin kasar. Yana wakiltar tunawa, girmamawa, da kishin ƙasa, kuma yana ba baƙi sarari don yin tunani da kuma ba da girmamawa ga sojojin da suka mutu. A kowace shekara a ranar 17 ga Mayu, ana yin bikin ne da matukar girmamawa.

Hotels da gidajen cin abinci

Pullman Kinshasa Grand Hotel - kallon waje da wurin shakatawa, Mayu 2018

Gombe tana da ɗimbin manyan otal-otal da gidajen cin abinci masu tauraro biyar a warwatse a kan tituna da hanyoyinta. Fleuve Kongo Hotel, wanda ke da nisan mil daga Palais de la Nation, yana tsaye a matsayin otal ɗin tilo a Kinshasa wanda aka gina akan bankunan " Majestic Fleuve Kongo ." Yana ba da menu na abinci da yawa tare da kyan gani na kogin Kongo mai ban sha'awa tsakanin Kinshasa da Brazzaville. Sauran otal-otal masu alfarma sun haɗa da Pullman Kinshasa Grand Hotel, Kin Plaza Arjaan By Rotana, Hotel Beatrice, Hotel Le Voyageur, Erige Lodge, Hotel Selton, Hilton Kinshasa, Hotel Memling, Hotel Belle Vie, Otal ɗin Venus, Hotel Platinum, Elais Kinshasa, Hotel Royal, Léon Hotel, O Castelo Hotel, Sultani Hotel. Daga cikin shahararrun gidajen cin abinci akwai Chez Gaby, A Casa Mia, Maison Kayser, Patisserie Nouvelle, da Limoncello.

Tattalin Arziki

Gombe cibiyar tattalin arziki ce mai cike da rudani wacce ke karbar kamfanoni da kungiyoyi masu tasiri da dama . Daga cikinsu, CMCT TCG ita ce rukunin hukumar kasuwanci da sadarwa ta farko a ƙasar, tana ba da ayyuka na musamman. Gombe gida ce ga Cibiyar Kasuwancin Kongo, wani babban gini mai tsayi kuma daya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin kasuwanci a Jamhuriyar Demokradiyyar Kongo. Iyaye, Kongo Tech Network ASBL, ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ta sadaukar da kanta don haɓakawa da tallafawa haɓaka yanayin yanayin fasahar Kongo, tana haɓaka ƙima da fasaha a yankin.

The Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie Franco-Congolaise à Kinshasa (CCIFC), wata kungiya mai zaman kanta da aka kafa a 1987 ta Faransanci da 'yan kasuwa na Kongo, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa dangantakar tattalin arziki da kasuwanci tsakanin kamfanonin Faransa da Kongo a Gombe. Babban bankin raya kasa na kasa, Société Financière de Développement (SOFIDE) shi ma yana da hedikwatarsa a Gombe.

Ƙungiyar ita ce cibiya don mahimman ayyuka da masana'antu . Hedikwatar Kamfanin Watsa Labarai da Sadarwa na Kwango, mai taka rawa wajen samar da ababen more rayuwa a kasar, yana Gombe. Kamfanin Feronia Inc., kamfani ne na kasa-da-kasa da ya kware a harkar dabino da kayayyakin noma, shi ma yana da tushe a Gombe. Ginin RTNC Kongo, wanda ke da hedkwatar Radio-Télévision Nationale Congolaise (RTNC), shi ma yana cikin dabara a Gombe.

Sufuri da dabaru sun bunƙasa a Gombe, tare da hedkwatar Société Commerciale des Transports et des Ports (SCTP), babban mai taka rawa a ayyukan jirgin ƙasa, kogi, da tashar jiragen ruwa . Bugu da kari, Gombe tana dauke da hedkwatar kamfanin jirgin saman Congo Airways - jirgin saman DRC da kuma Stellar Airways mallakar gwamnati. ^[19] A fannin hada-hadar kudi, gida ne ga babban bankin kasar Kongo, babban bankin kasar da ke da alhakin tsarawa da aiwatar da manufofin kudi.

Gombe kuma hedikwatar yanki ce ga kamfanoni da kungiyoyi da dama na duniya da na Afirka, ciki har da Huawei, Vodacom Congo, Airtel Congo, da Orange RDC . Saboda haka, sadarwar ta zama cibiyar sadarwa, haɓaka haɗin kai da sadarwa a duk faɗin yankin. Equity Banque Commerciale du Congo (EquityBCDC), wani reshe na Kenya Equity Group Holdings, yana da hedkwatarsa a Gombe. Ita ma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya MONUSCO tana da hedikwatar ta a Gombe.

Ilimi

Dukan makarantun Faransanci na duniya, Lycée Français René Descartes Kinshasa, suna Gombe: Site Gombe da Site Kalemie; na karshen yana daga gidan Jakadan Faransa. ^[20]

Lycée Prince de Liège, makarantar kasa da kasa ta Belgium, tana Gombe.

Alkaluma

Manazarta

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2. Enwezor, Okwui, ed. (2002). Under Siege, Four African Cities, Freetown, Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Lagos: Documenta 11, Platform 4 (in English). Berlin, Germany: Hatje Cantz. p. 254. ISBN 9783775790901.
3. "Kinshasa : la population de la commune de la Gombe estimée à 49.024 habitants" [Kinshasa: the population of the commune of Gombe estimated at 49,024 inhabitants]. www.mediacongo.net (in French). Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Retrieved 2023-08-14.
4. Tilouine, Joan (2019-07-18). "En RDC, la Gombe, une insolente enclave de riches au cœur de la misère de Kinshasa". Le Monde.fr (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2023-09-20.
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6. De Boeck, Philip (September 2014). Kinshasa: Tales of the Invisible City. Leuven University Press. ISBN 978-9058679673.
7. "Housing: Kinshasa is for the rich". The Africa Report.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-08-14.
8. Mushizi, Gulain Amani (2013). "Memoire Online - Amélioration de la mobilité à l'hyper centre de Kinshasa et stratégies de réduction de la forte centralité" (in French). Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Institut Supérieur d'Architecture et d'Urbanisme. Retrieved 2023-08-14.
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11. Kinyamba, S. Shomba; Nsenda, F. Mukoka; Nonga, D. Olela; Kaminar, T.M.; Mbalanda, W. . (2015). "Monographie de la ville de Kinshasa" (PDF) (in French). Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Institut Congolais de Recherche en Développement et Etudes Stratégiques (ICREDES). pp. 13–28. Retrieved 2023-08-15.
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16. "Contacts Archived 4 ga Maris, 2013 at the Wayback Machine." Direction Générale de Migration. Retrieved on 4 March 2013. "65, Boulevard du 30 juin, Commune de la Gombe Ville de Kinshasa, R.D.Congo"
17. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :1
18. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :2
19. "Contact Us." Stellar Airways.
20. "Accueil." Lycée Français René Descartes Kinshasa.