Half of a Yellow Sun

Half of a Yellow Sun
Asali
Mawallafi	Chimamanda Ngozi Adiche
Shekarar ƙirƙira	2006
Lokacin bugawa	2006
Asalin suna	Half of a Yellow Sun
Ƙasar asali	Najeriya
Characteristics
Genre ^(en)	historical fiction ^(en)
Harshe	Turanci
Kintato
Narrative location ^(en)	Najeriya
Tarihi
Kyautukar da aka karba Women's Prize for Fiction ^(en)
Chronology ^(en)
←Purple Hibiscus ^(en) Half of a Yellow Sun

Half of a Yellow Sun labari ne na marubucin Najeriya Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie . An buga shi a cikin 2006 ta Estate na 4 a Landan, littafin ya ba da labarin Yaƙin Biafra ta hanyar mahallin Olanna, Ugwu, da Richard.^[1]

Ya sami yabo mai mahimmanci kuma ya ci lambar yabo ta mata don almara a cikin 2007. A cikin 2013, an daidaita shi cikin fim ɗin suna iri ɗaya.

Makirci

Tutar Biafra, a tsakiya ana iya ganin rabin rawaya rana wanda take ke nufi.

Littafin ya faru ne a Najeriya kafin da lokacin yakin basasar Najeriya (1967-70). Ana nuna tasirin yakin ta hanyar alakar rayuwar mutane biyar da suka hada da tagwayen 'ya'ya mata na wani hamshakin dan kasuwa, farfesa, dan kasar Birtaniya, da kuma wani dan gida Najeriya. Bayan ayyana ballewar kasar Biafra, rayuwar manyan jaruman sun canja sosai, kuma suna cikin wargajewa saboda zaluncin yakin basasa da yanke shawara a rayuwarsu.

Littafin ya yi tsalle a tsakanin abubuwan da suka faru a farkon shekarun 1960, lokacin da yakin ya faru, kuma ya kara har zuwa karshen yakin. A farkon shekarun 1960, an gabatar da manyan jarumai: Ugwu, ɗan ƙauye mai shekaru 13 wanda ya koma tare da Odenigbo, don yin aiki a matsayin ɗan gidansa. Odenigbo na yawan nishadantar da ’yan boko domin tattaunawa kan rudanin siyasar Najeriya. Rayuwa ta canza ga Ugwu lokacin da budurwar Odenigbo, Olanna, ta shiga tare da su. Ugwu ya kulla alaka mai karfi da su biyun, kuma yaron gida ne mai aminci. Olanna tana da ’yar’uwa tagwaye, Kainene, mace mai busasshiyar barkwanci, ta gaji da kamfanin da take yi wa mahaifinta. Masoyinta Richard marubuci ne dan kasar Ingila wanda ya je Najeriya domin duba fasahar Igbo-Ukwu.

Tsalle shekaru hudu a gaba, rikici ya kunno kai tsakanin Hausawa da kabilar Ibo inda daruruwan mutane suka mutu a kisan kiyashi, ciki har da kawu da kawun Olanna. Sabuwar jamhuriya mai suna Biafra, Igbo ne suka kirkiro. Sakamakon rikicin, Olanna, Odenigbo, karamar ’yarsu, wacce suke kiranta da “Baby” kawai, da Ugwu sun tilastawa tserewa daga Nsukka, wanda shine garin jami’a kuma babbar cibiyar ilimi ta sabuwar al’umma. Daga karshe dai sun kare a garin Umuahia dake ‘yan gudun hijira, inda suke shan wahala da kokawa saboda karancin abinci, da hare-haren jiragen sama da ake kai wa a kodayaushe, da kuma yanayi na rudani. Har ila yau, akwai alamun rikici tsakanin Olanna da Kainene, Richard da Kainene da kuma tsakanin Olanna da Odenigbo.

Lokacin da novel ɗin ya koma farkon shekarun 1960, mun sami labarin cewa Odenigbo ya kwanta da wata ƴar ƙauye, Amala, wadda ta haifi ɗa. Olanna ya fusata da cin amanarsa, kuma ya kwanta tare da Richard a lokacin samun 'yanci. Ta koma Odenigbo kuma da suka samu labarin cewa Amala ta ki ci gaba da rike ‘yarta sabuwar haihuwa, sai Olanna ta yanke shawarar cewa za su rike ta.

A lokacin yakin, Olanna, Odenigbo, Baby, da Ugwu suna zaune tare da Kainene da Richard, inda Kainene ke gudanar da sansanin 'yan gudun hijira. Halin da suke ciki ba shi da bege, domin ba su da abinci ko magani. Kainene ya yanke shawarar yin kasuwanci a tsakanin layin abokan gaba, amma bai dawo ba, ko da bayan karshen yakin bayan 'yan makonni. Littafin ya ƙare babu shakka, tare da mai karatu bai sani ba ko Kainene yana rayuwa.

Halaye

Ugwu – Littafin ya fara da ƙarewa da Ugwu. Wani yaro ne dan Opi wanda daga baya ya zama bawa a gidan Odenigbo. Karkashin jagorancin Odenigbo da Olanna, Ugwu na iya ci gaba da karatunsa da kuma ci gaban fasahar adabinsa a tsawon littafin. Yana ƙoƙari ya ci gaba da hulɗa da mahaifiyarsa da 'yar uwarsa, Anulika, a ƙauyensa, kuma yana kula da lafiyar mahaifiyarsa da jin dadi. Yawancin lokacinsa yana mamaye abubuwan soyayya, waɗanda suka haɗa da Nnesinachi, Eberechi, da Chinyere. An katse rayuwarsa da karfi lokacin da aka tilasta masa shiga cikin Sojojin Biafra. A can, yana shaida kuma yana shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe masu ban tsoro da fyade da aka matsa masa ya yi.

Odenigbo – Odenigbo ya fara novel ne a matsayin Farfesa a fannin Lissafi a Jami’ar Nsukka. Ra'ayinsa mai karfi ya haifar da wasu haruffa suna lakafta shi a matsayin "mai juyin juya hali". Ya fifita tsarin gurguzu da kabilanci zuwa jari hujja da Pan-Africanism ko kishin kasa. Bayan yakin ya tilasta masa barin mukaminsa a Jami'ar Nsukka, Odenigbo ya zama mai fafutuka a fagen yaki a karkashin Manpower Directorate. Rayuwarsa ta sirri ta mamaye dangantakarsa kuma daga baya auren Olanna. Shi ne mahaifin Baby, ko da yake Amala, ba Olanna ba, ita ce mahaifiyar Baby. Odenigbo kuma yana da dangantaka mai ƙarfi, duk da tashin hankali, da mahaifiyarsa. "Mama" tana shafar dangantakarsa da Olanna, kuma mutuwar Mama ta fara Odenigbo a kan hanyar shaye-shaye da damuwa.

Olanna - Olanna yana ɗaya daga cikin haruffa uku waɗanda ta hanyar da aka ba da labari. Diyar Cif Ozobia ce kuma tagwayen Kainene. Olanna ya girma a Najeriya, sannan ya halarci jami'a a kasar Ingila. An kwatanta ta da “ba ta da kyau,” kuma kamanninta sau da yawa yana nuna yadda wasu ke bi da ita. Alal misali, iyayenta suna ƙoƙarin ba da jima’i da ita a matsayin cin hanci don su taimaka wajen kulla kasuwanci. Saboda haka, dangantakarta da iyayenta ba ta da ƙarfi, kuma tana ɗokin zuwa wajen Antinta Ifeka da Uncle Mbaezi a Kano. Mohammed tsohon saurayinta ne, Odenigbo kuma mijinta ne, kuma ita ce mahaifiyar jariri. A gwaninta, Farfesa ce a fannin ilimin zamantakewa a Jami'ar Nsukka kafin a fara yakin. Daga baya ta yi aiki a matsayin malamin makaranta a Umuahia kuma a karshe ta taimaka wa ’yar’uwarta kula da ‘yan gudun hijira a Orlu.

Kainene – Kainene, tagwayen Olanna, da alama da farko sun sha bamban da Olanna. Ita ce irin mace mai ƙarfi, mai zaman kanta, mai sanyi, mai ƙididdigewa. Kainene tana zaune a Fatakwal, inda take gudanar da kasuwancin mahaifinta. Mahaifinta, yana alfahari da ita, ya gaya wa ɗaya daga cikin abokansa cewa ita "ba kawai ɗa ba ce, kamar biyu ne". A farkon yakin, ita ce mai cin ribar yaki. Duk da haka, bayan da ta ga zaluncin yakin, ta canza gaba daya a matsayin mai hali kuma maimakon gudanar da kasuwancin mahaifinta, tana gudanar da sansanin 'yan gudun hijira. Ta kasance ba ta da tsoro kuma a ƙarshe ta yanke shawarar yin kasuwanci tare da abokan gaba, ta jefa rayuwarta cikin haɗari.

Richard Churchill – Richard marubuci ne dan kasar Ingila wanda ya zo Najeriya don duba fasahar Igbo-Ukwu. Da farko yana hulɗa da wasu ƴan ƙasar waje, musamman Susan wadda ta zama budurwarsa. Duk da haka, da zarar ya sadu da Kainene a ɗaya daga cikin liyafar da Susan ta ja shi, ya zama abin sha'awar ta. Richard ya koma Nsukka inda yake koyarwa a jami'ar Nsukka kuma yayi yunkurin rubuta littafi akan fasahar Igbo-Ukwu. Olanna ya gayyace shi ya kasance cikin rukunin hazikan Odenigbo. Richard ya yi farin ciki da shaida haihuwar Biafra, yana tunanin hakan zai sa ya zama Biafra. Ya fara rubuta littafi game da yaƙi, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya gane cewa ba labarinsa ba ne. Adichie ya ce a wata hira da aka yi da shi cewa ra'ayin Richard ya fito ne daga Frederick Forsyth, mai rajin goyon bayan Biafra: "Richard ko kadan ba ya kama da shi, amma kawai tunanin dan Ingila wanda ya zama Biafra fiye da 'yan Biafra. hakika ra'ayi ne da ya fito daga gare shi, Forsyth." ^[2]

Aunty Ugwu – Mai tsabtace Jami’ar Nsukka, ta gabatar da Ugwu ga Master Odenigbo.

Anulika – Anulika ‘yar’uwar Ugwu ce. Tana shirin yin aure kafin yaƙi, amma wani bala'i na lokacin yaƙi ya canza shirinta.

Nnesinachi – Ugwu ya fara murkushewa daga kauyensa na Opi. Ugwu da Nnesinachi sun sake haduwa bayan yakin.

Mahaifiyar Ugwu – Mahaifiyar Ugwu na fama da rashin lafiya a kauyen Ugwu na Opi. Ta nemi magani a Nsukka tare da taimakon Odenigbo. Ugwu yana yawan damuwa da ita a lokacin yakin.

Miss Adebayo – Farfesan Yarbawa a Jami’ar Nsukka. Rikicin jima'i tsakanin Miss Adebayo da Odenigbo ya haifar da mummunan dangantaka tsakanin Miss Adebayo da Olanna. Yayin da yakin ya fara barkewa, kabilar Miss Adebayo ta haifar da gibi tsakaninta da sauran farfesoshi.

Dokta Patel – Farfesan Indiya a Jami’ar Nsukka. Dr. Patel abokin Odenigbo ne da Olanna.

Farfesa Lehman – Farfesa Ba’amurke a Jami’ar Nsukka. Odenigbo na yawan sukar ra'ayin Farfesa Lehman.

Farfesa Ezeka – Farfesa a Jami’ar Nsukka wanda daga baya ya zama Daraktan Tattaunawa a Sojojin Biafra.

Okeoma – Abokin Olanna da Odenigbo a Nsukka. Okeoma sanannen mawaƙi ne, kamar yadda wani batu ake kira, “muryar zamaninmu.” Ya buga Olanna a matsayin wahayinsa. Daga baya Okeoma ya zama jami’in sojan Biafra kuma ya daina rubuta wakoki.

Edna – Makwabciyar Olanna a Nsukka. Edna mace Ba-Amurke ce mai ra'ayi mai ƙarfi akan rashin adalci na launin fata da jinsi.

Jomo - Jomo yana aiki a matsayin mai kula da lambu a gidan Richard da gidan Odenigbo a Nsukka. Yana daya daga cikin abokan Ugwu na farko a Nsukka kuma yana yawan fada da abokin hamayyarsa Harrison.

Harrison - ɗan gidan Richard. Halin zancen Harrison da farko ya bata wa Richard rai, kuma daga baya ya sa shi cikin matsala.

Chinyere – Yana aiki a wani gida kusa da Master's a Nsukka. Yana kula da ziyarar dare tare da Ugwu har sai yakin ya fara.

Mama (mahaifiyar Odenigbo) – Matar kauye daga Abba. Ta yi adawa da dangantakar Odenigbo da Olanna saboda ba a yi aure a hukumance ba (har yanzu ba a biya kudin amarya ba) haka kuma Olanna mace ce da ba ta dace ba.

Amala – ‘yar kauye mai aiki da Mama, mahaifiyar Odenigbo. Don raba Olanna da Odenigbo Mama ta sa Amala ta kwana da Odenigbo. Amala ta samu ciki amma bayan ta haihu ta ki daukar yaron ta mayar da ita wurin Mama.

Cif Okonji – Abokin Olanna da iyayen Kainene. Cif Okonji ya yi ikirarin cewa yana son Olanna, amma Olanna ya musanta shi.

Cif Ozobia – Shahararren dan kasuwa a Legas kuma mahaifin Olanna da Kainene. Cif Ozobia yana amfani da 'ya'yansa mata don neman kudi. Ya kuma rike uwar gida, kuma daga karshe ya bar Najeriya a lokacin yakin.

Mahaifiyar Olanna da Kainene – Matar Cif Ozobia kuma mahaifiyar Olanna da Kainene. Bata da dangantaka mai karfi da ’ya’yanta mata, kuma aurenta da Cif Ozobi za a iya kwatanta shi a matsayin shirme.

Uncle Mbaezi – Kawun Olanna, shi kanin mahaifiyar Olanna ne. Yana zaune da iyalansa a Kano inda ya kafa makarantar Grammar Union ta Igbo Union.

Aunty Ifeka – Matar Uncle Mbaezi. Aunty Ifeka ta ba Olanna jagora, wacce ba ta kusa da mahaifiyarta sosai.

Arize – dan uwan Olanna, ita Uncle Mbaezi ce kuma ‘yar Aunty Ifeka. Arize tana sha'awar samun miji da aure. Kamar iyayenta, tana kallon Olanna.

Mohammed – tsohon saurayin Olanna. Bahaushe kyakkyawa ne. Ko da ta bar shi zuwa Odenigbo, sun kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali kuma tana yawan ziyartar shi har lokacin da yakin ya fara. A lokacin yakin, yana rubuta wasiƙunta amma suna jin sun yi nisa sosai.

Baby – Olanna da ‘yar Odenigbo. Amala ita ce mahaifiyar Bebi, amma ta ki rike ta. Lokacin da Olanna ya gan ta, ta yanke shawarar ɗaukar ta. Ainihin sunan Baby Chiamaka, wanda ke nufin "Allah yana da kyau." Kainene ya dauko amma ba kasafai ake amfani da shi ba.

Susan Grenville-Pitts – Da farko budurwar Richard. Tana zaune a Najeriya amma galibi tana tarayya da sauran ƴan ƙasar waje ko kuma manyan yan Najeriya. Wariyar launin fata ga 'yan Najeriya da kuma mallakarta ga Richard ya bayyana lokaci-lokaci a cikin littafin.

Major Madu - Abokin Kainene na rayuwa. Manjo Madu ya yi aiki a farkon sojojin Najeriya sannan kuma a cikin sojojin Biafra. Dangantakarsa da Richard ta yi tsami saboda rashin tabbas na rawar da Madu ke takawa a rayuwar Kainene.

Julius na musamman - Dan kwangilar Soja. Ya kasance mai yawan ziyartar Odenigbo idan suna Umuahia.

Ekwenugo - Memba na kungiyar Kimiyya a cikin sojojin Biafra. Ekwenugo ya gana da Olanna da Odenigbo a Umuahia.

Mrs Muokelu – Co-malamar tare da Olanna a Umuahia. Olanna ya sami Misis Muokelu a matsayin namiji kuma mai ɗan yanke hukunci. Misis Muokelu daga ƙarshe ta daina koyarwa kuma ta fara ciniki ta layin abokan gaba.

Okoromadu – Tsohuwar masaniyar Olanna, Okoromadu ya taimaka mata wajen samun kayan agajin gaggawa ga jarirai a Umuahia.

Eberechi – Ƙaunar Ugwu a Umuahia. Ana amfani da Eberechi don amfanin iyayenta.

Alice – Odenigbo da makwabcin Olanna a wurin zama na biyu a Umuahia. Alice ta nemi mafaka a Umahia bayan da wani Kanar Sojoji ya yaudare shi. An san ta a matsayin ƴan wasan piano mai ƙwazo. Asiri ya rufe dangantakarta da Odenigbo.

Uba Marcel - Yana Taimakawa daidaita agajin 'yan gudun hijira tare da Kainene a Orlu. Daga baya ana zargin Baba Marcel da rashin da'a daga wasu 'yan gudun hijirar.

High-Tech – matashin soja kuma shugaban sashin binciken Ugwu. Sunan babban fasaha yana nufin kwamandojinsa suna iƙirarin cewa ya fi amfani fiye da "na'urar leƙen asirin fasaha mai girma".

Jigogi

Yaki

Yakin basasar Najeriya (ko "Yakin Najeriya da Biafra") ya fara ne a ranar 6 ga Yulin 1967 kuma ya kare a ranar 13 ga Janairun 1970. Yakin dai ya samo asali ne sakamakon gwagwarmayar siyasa da kabilanci, wanda wani bangare na yunkurin ballewa daga yankin kudu maso gabashin Najeriya da kafa jamhuriyar Biafra. Rikicin siyasa tsakanin kabilar Ibo, Yarbawa, Hausawa da Fulani ya barke zuwa wani juyin mulkin soji har guda biyu. ‘Yan kabilar Igbo sun yi kokarin ballewa daga Najeriya don zama jamhuriyar Biafra, amma ba su samu goyon baya ba. Tun daga shekarar 1968 yakin ya fada cikin wani yanayi na tangal-tangal, inda sojojin Najeriya suka kasa yin wani gagarumin ci gaba a sauran yankunan kasar Biafra. Gwamnatin Najeriya ta katse tallafin da take baiwa kasar Biafra, lamarin da ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar dubban daruruwan fararen hula da yunwa da cututtuka. An yi asarar rayuka da dukiyoyi da dama a lokacin yakin, ciki har da kakannin Adichie; kuma har yau ana ci gaba da samun takun saka tsakanin kabilu da addinai daban-daban na Najeriya. ^{[3] [4][5]}

Labarin a Rabin Rana Rawaya ya ta'allaka ne akan yakin. Adichie ta taso ne bayan yakin: "Bukatar yin rubutu game da shi ya samo asali ne daga girma a cikin inuwarsa. Wannan abin da ban gane ba shi ne gadona. Ya shawagi a kan komai." Ta bayyana cewa ta yi imanin cewa yawancin batutuwan da suka haifar da yakin sun kasance a yau. Ta kuma kara da cewa, ana maganar yakin ne "ta hanyoyin da ba a sani ba da kuma rashin tunani", kuma yakin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga 'yan kabilar Igbo kamar yadda yake a lokacin. Domin babu wani muhimmin al’amari na siyasa da aka sauya a littafin, Adichie ya ce littafin ya kunshi “gaskiya ta zuciya”, kuma littafin ya nuna yakin ya yi matukar tasiri ga al’ummar Najeriya. ^[6]

Siyasa da asali a Afirka bayan mulkin mallaka

Taro na sada zumunta a gidan Odenigbo na cike da muhawara kan makomar siyasar Afirka. Anan, an tattauna fa'idar fa'ida ta nau'o'i daban-daban na mulkin Afirka a tsakanin masu hankali na Najeriya. Muhawarar da ta fi daukar hankali ta hada da Odenigbo na kare kabilar a matsayin madaidaicin sashe na Afirka, kamar yadda sauran haruffa ke jaddada bukatar kishin Afirka ko kishin kasa. An ambato shi yana shelar cewa: “Sahihin asalin dan Afirka shi ne kabila...Ni dan Najeriya ne saboda wani bature ne ya halicci Najeriya kuma ya ba ni wannan shaidar. Ni bakar fata ne saboda bakar fata ya yi baƙar fata don ya bambanta kamar yadda zai yiwu. daga farar sa. Amma ni Igbo ne kafin bature ya zo."

Ko da yake akwai bayyananniyar magana game da tasirin Yammacin Turai a cikin Yaƙin Biafra, an sami ƙarin dabara a cikin halayen Richard. Richard, ko da yake yana da kyakkyawar niyya, ya yi ƙoƙari sosai don ya kasance cikin Najeriya ta farko, daga baya kuma Biafra. Sha'awarsa da al'ada da kuma burinsa na zama yankin Biafra ya sa ya yi magana da 'yan Biafra ta hanyar yin yunƙurin rubuta litattafai guda biyu, ɗaya game da fasaha, na biyu kuma game da yakin Biafra. Richard bai iya kammala ko ɗaya ba, ya ƙarasa da cewa waɗannan ba labarinsa bane. Duk da haka, yana da tasiri idan ya yi rubuce-rubuce game da yakin da ake yi wa jaridu na Yamma, wanda a gaskiya ya taimaka wajen Biafra. Adichie da kanta ta ce a wata hira da ta yi da ita, "watakila [halayen Richard] ita ce hanya ta dabara ta zamewa a siyasa ta, watakila lokaci ya yi da 'yan Afirka suka rubuta game da Afirka."

Yawancin manyan jarumai a Half of a Yellow Sun farfesoshi ne, gami da Olanna da Odenigbo. Odenigbo na yawan karbar bakuncin takwarorinsu farfesoshi daga Jami’ar Nsukka domin tattaunawa kan harkokin siyasa a karshen mako. A tsawon tarihin littafin, Rabin Rawan Rana yana da alama yana sukar waɗannan furofesoshi da ra'ayoyinsu. Yana yin haka ne ta hanyar karkata ra’ayoyin siyasa masu kishin Odenigbo da abokansa daga bangaren “Farkon Sittin” da suka saba da hakikanin siyasar sassan “Marigayi Sittin”. Littafin kuma ya yi amfani da furofesoshi iri ɗaya daga sassan "Sittin Farko" kuma ya sanya su a cikin "Late Sixties". Har ila yau, tunanin kasuwancin Kainene ya taimaka mata wajen samun nasarar gudanar da sansanin 'yan gudun hijira, yayin da Olanna da Odenigbo ke ganin ba su da tasiri. Da alama Adichie yana jaddada gaskiyar aiki akan yanayin ra'ayi.

Modus operandi na aikin jarida na yamma

Rabin Rawar Rana na matukar suka ga yadda kafafen yada labaran Yamma ke yada yakin Biafra. Dokar aikin jarida na yammacin Turai a bayyane take a lokacin da Richard ya gana da 'yan jarida na kasashen waje: "Richard ya fitar da numfashi. Kamar wani ya yayyafa masa barkono a kan rauninsa: Dubban 'yan Biafra sun mutu, kuma wannan mutumin yana so ya san ko akwai wani sabon abu game da wani mataccen farar fata. Richard zai rubuta game da wannan, mulkin aikin jarida na Yamma: Matattu ɗari baƙar fata daidai da mataccen farar fata ɗaya." Tun da yake a bayyane yake cewa 'yan jarida farar fata suna da tasiri sosai, Madu ya tambayi Richard ya rubuta game da yakin da ake yi wa 'yan jaridu na Yamma: "Za su dauki abin da kuke rubutawa da muhimmanci saboda ku farar fata ne. Idan da gaske kuna son bayar da gudummawa, wannan shine hanyar. cewa za ku iya, duniya ta san gaskiyar abin da ke faruwa, domin kawai ba za su iya yin shiru yayin da muke mutuwa ba."

Karfafa mata

Ko da yake Rabin Rana Rana ba ta da rikici tsakanin mace da kabilanci irin na littattafan mata, yana nuna hukumar mata. A wani lokaci mai muhimmanci, Olanna ta ji takaicin cin amanar Odenigbo, kuma ta tafi Kano don neman ta'aziyya daga danginta a can. Aunty Ifeka ta ce: “Kada ku taɓa kasancewa kamar rayuwar ku ta mutum ce. Rayuwarku ta ku ce kuma ku kaɗai.” Daga baya, ko da ya yafe wa Odenigbo, sai ta tunkare shi game da cin amanarsa kuma ba ta yarda da shi yana ba da hujjar abin da ya aikata ta hanyar zargi mahaifiyarsa. A gefe guda kuma, lokacin da mahaifin Olanna ya yaudari mahaifiyarta, mahaifiyar Olanna ba ta fuskantar shi game da hakan. Sai kawai ta nemi Olanna ta gaya wa mahaifinta ya yi hakan da wayo.

Aure

Aure jigo ne mai maimaitawa a Rabin Rana Rawaya . Ga mafi yawan ɓangaren novel, Olanna da Kainene duk suna zaune tare da maza ba tare da batun aure ba. Olanna ya ƙi yin aure sau da yawa da farko, yana tsoron cewa aure zai "lalata [danginsu] zuwa haɗin gwiwa." Sai a lokacin yakin, lokacin da aka gayyaci Odenigbo zuwa taron gari a Abba kuma ba Olanna ba, sai suka sake maganar aure. Olanna ya yarda, amma an yi bikin aure cikin gaggawa kuma an katse shi ta hanyar jirgin sama. Ko da yake Richard bai taɓa neman Kainene ya aure shi ba, amma ya ambaci burinsa ta zama matarsa sau da yawa. Arize wadda matalauciya ce kuma ba ta da ilimi, ta yaba wa Olanna da ta ɗage aure amma tana ɗokin jiran mijin da kanta: “Mata ne kaɗai suka san Littafi Mai Tsarki irinki ke iya faɗin haka, ‘Yar’uwa. da yawa, za mu ƙare." Da alama Adichie ta ce aure zabi ne na gaskiya kuma matan da ba sa bukatar yin aure za su iya zabar ba ko da a lokacin samarinsu sun yarda.

liyafar

Rabin Rana Rawaya ta sami Kyautar Mata ta 2007 don Fiction . ^[7] Ana ba da lambar yabo a kowace shekara don mafi kyawun sabon labari mai cikakken tsayi wanda mace ta rubuta cikin Ingilishi; Kyautar Adichie ta kai £30,000. Littafin ya sami karɓuwa sosai daga masu suka kuma an haɗa shi a cikin "Littattafai 100 Mafi Fitattun Littattafai na Shekara" ' New York Times .^{[8] [9][10]}

A cikin bita ga The Seattle Times, Mary Brennan ta kira littafin "labari mai ban sha'awa wanda ke ba da darasin tarihi mai ban tsoro da kuma labarin ɗan adam". Jaridar New York Times ta sami ƙarin bitar littafin, tare da lura cewa "a wasu lokuta rubuce-rubucen Adichie yana da sauƙi, saurin littafin ya yi rauni sosai" amma kuma "duk lokacin da ta taɓa jigogin da ta fi so - aminci da cin amana - maganganunta suna tafe da su. rayuwa." A cikin Bita na Adabi, William Brett ya rubuta: "Adichie yana barin zato na tsoro ya fara tushe, sannan ya ba shi damar nutsewa a hankali. Irin wannan wayo yana sa karanta ta ya zama abin ban mamaki, mai ban sha'awa amma mai gamsarwa a ƙarshe. " Jaridar Washington Post ta ce: “Hakika Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie ta yi rayuwa daidai da abin da ya faru a littafinta na biyu, Half a Yellow Sun. Ta burge mu da wannan labari mai cike da tarihi game da yaki, aminci, zalunci, da ƙauna a Afirka ta zamani. Yayin da take zana hoton bala'in da ya faru a Biafra a shekarun 1960, labarinta ya samo asali ne a cikin kusancin rayuwar talakawa uku da iskar kaddara ta mamaye su. Labarin nata yana da ban tsoro kuma ba zai yiwu a manta da shi ba." Bita na Rob Nixon ya yi magana game da tarihin tarihin littafin: “ Rabin Rana Rana yana ɗauke da mu cikin rayuwar yau da kullun da aka lalata ta hanyar ɓarnatar da talakawan jihohin ƙasa. Lokacin da wani masoyin Olanna ya zo a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira, ta lura cewa - ya kasance sirara kuma ya fi yadda ta tuna kuma ya yi kama da kamar zai rabu biyu idan ya zauna ba zato ba tsammani. – Ma’auni ne na yadda Adichie ya kware kan kananan abubuwa – da kuma halin da duniya ke ciki – mu ga mutumin yana zuwa, kasa bayan kasa, akai-akai.” ^[11] Rubutawa a cikin The Guardian, Maya Jaggi ta kira littafin "labari mai mahimmanci". Aïssatou Sidimé daga San Antonio Express-News ta kira rubutun Adichie "mai ban sha'awa da bayyanawa, balaga, marubuciyar Najeriya Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie da ta lashe kyaututtuka da sauri ta nuna kanta ba ta da tsoro a al'adar manyan marubutan Afirka." Marubucin Najeriya Chinua Achebe ya yi sharhi cewa: “Ba a saba danganta hikima da ‘yan fara ba, amma ga wani sabon marubuci da aka ba wa baiwar tsofaffin labaran labarai,” kuma ya ce game da Adichie: “Ba ta da tsoro, ko ba za ta dauka ba. akan muguwar ta'addancin yakin basasar Najeriya." ^{[12] [13] [14] [15] [15] [16] [17] [17]}

A cikin 2019, The Guardian ya sanya Rabin Rana Rana a matsayin mafi kyawun littafi na 10 tun daga 2000.

A ranar 5 ga Nuwamba 2019, Labaran BBC sun haɗa da Rabin Rana Rana akan jerin litattafan litattafai 100 mafi tasiri.

A cikin Nuwamba 2020, Rabin Rana Rana an zaɓi mafi kyawun littafin da ya ci Kyautar Mata ta Fiction a cikin tarihin shekaru 25.

A cikin 2022, Rabin Rawar Rana ta kasance cikin jerin littattafan " Big Jubilee Read " na 70 na marubutan Commonwealth, waɗanda aka zaɓa don bikin Jubilee Platinum na Elizabeth II .

Daidaitawa

Karɓar fim ɗin da marubucin wasan kwaikwayo Biyi Bandele ^[18] ya rubuta a bikin Fina-Finan Duniya na Toronto a ƙarshen 2013, kuma an sake shi a duk duniya a cikin 2014. Fim din ya hada da Chiwetel Ejiofor da Thandiwe Newton .^{[19] [20][20]}

Nassoshi

1. Nixon, Rob (1 October 2006). "A Biafran Story". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 July 2008.
2. "Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie".
3. Atofarati, Abubakar (1992). "The Nigerian Civil War: Causes, Strategies and Lessons Learnt". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 4 August 2008.
4. Maslin, Janet (21 September 2006). "The Complex Business of Living While War Rages in Nigeria". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
5. Enright, Michael (30 December 2018) [2006]. The Sunday Edition - December 30, 2018 (Radio interview) (in Turanci). CBC. Event occurs at 52:30.
6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named QA
7. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named telegraph
8. Atofarati, Abubakar (1992). "The Nigerian Civil War: Causes, Strategies and Lessons Learnt". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 4 August 2008.
9. Maslin, Janet (21 September 2006). "The Complex Business of Living While War Rages in Nigeria". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
10. Enright, Michael (30 December 2018) [2006]. The Sunday Edition - December 30, 2018 (Radio interview) (in Turanci). CBC. Event occurs at 52:30.
11. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named barnesandnoble.com
12. Brennan, Mary (22 September 2006). "Half of a Yellow Sun: The sweeping story of a nation erased". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 27 July 2008.
13. Nixon, Rob (1 October 2006). "A Biafran Story". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 July 2008.
14. "William Brett - Eating Misery". Literary Review (in Turanci). 2023-10-05. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
15. "Half of a Yellow Sun". Barnes & Noble.
16. Jaggi, Maya (19 August 2006). "The Master and his houseboy". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
17. "Half of a Yellow Sun by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie". Random House. Retrieved 27 July 2008.
18. "Lennon childhood film gets grant", BBC News, 18 July 2008. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
19. "Lennon childhood film gets grant", BBC News, 18 July 2008. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
20. Jenny Soffel, "'Half of a Yellow Sun': Thandie Newton, typhoid and a tale of civil war", Inside Africa, CNN, 21 October 2013.