GM2A je protein za prijenos lipida, koji stimulira enzimsku obradu gangliozida, a također i aktivaciju -ćelija putem prezentacije lipida. Ovaj protein veže molekule gangliozida GM2, ekstrahira ih iz membrana i prezentira ih beta-heksozaminidazi A radi cijepanja N-acetil-D-galaktozamina i pretvaranja u GM3.
GM2A mutacije se rijetko prijavljuju, a zabilježeni slučajevi često se javljaju kod srodnih roditelja ili u genetički izoliranim populacijama.[10]
Budući da se varijanta AB tako rijetko dijagnosticira, čak i kod dojenčadi, vjerovatno je da je većina mutacija GM2A fatalna za fetus u homozigotima i genetički vezanim slučajevima, pa se stoga nikada klinički ne promatraju.
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