EP300

EP300
Dostupne strukture PDB Pretraga ortologa: PDBe RCSB Spisak PDB ID kodova 1L3E, 1P4Q, 2K8F, 2MH0, 2MZD, 3BIY, 3I3J, 3IO2, 3P57, 3T92, 4BHW, 4PZR, 4PZS, 4PZT, 5BT3
Identifikatori
Aliasi	EP300
Vanjski ID-jevi	OMIM: 602700 MGI: 1276116 HomoloGene: 1094 GeneCards: EP300
Lokacija gena (čovjek) Hrom. Hromosom 22 (čovjek)[1] Bend 22q13.2 Početak 41,092,592 bp[1] Kraj 41,180,077 bp[1]
Lokacija gena (miš) Hrom. Hromosom 15 (miš)[2] Bend 15|15 E1 Početak 81,469,552 bp[2] Kraj 81,536,278 bp[2]
Obrazac RNK ekspresije Više referentnih podataka o ekspresiji
Ontologija gena Molekularna funkcija • protein C-terminus binding • transcription factor binding • GO:0001104 transcription coregulator activity • vezivanje iona metala • acyltransferase activity • aktivnost sa transferazom • beta-catenin binding • pre-mRNA intronic binding • vezivanje iona cinka • chromatin binding • oštećeno vezivanje sa DNK • GO:0001948, GO:0016582 vezivanje za proteine • acetyltransferase activity • vezivanje sa DNK • GO:0001077, GO:0001212, GO:0001213, GO:0001211, GO:0001205 DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific • GO:0001105 transcription coactivator activity • p53 binding • androgen receptor binding • chromatin DNA binding • histone acetyltransferase activity • lysine N-acetyltransferase activity, acting on acetyl phosphate as donor • peptide N-acetyltransferase activity • peptide-lysine-N-acetyltransferase activity • protein propionyltransferase activity • STAT family protein binding • peptide butyryltransferase activity • histone crotonyltransferase activity • histone butyryltransferase activity • GO:0000980 RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding Ćelijska komponenta • jedro • histone acetyltransferase complex • transcription regulator complex • nukleoplazma • citoplazma • citosol • hromosom Biološki proces • somitogenesis • rhythmic process • transcription by RNA polymerase II • histone H2B acetylation • animal organ morphogenesis • ćelijski ciklus • B cell differentiation • GO:0097285 apoptoza • GO:0009373 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • lung development • N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation • platelet formation • stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway • transcription, DNA-templated • GO:0060469, GO:0009371 positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • heart development • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia • GO:0022415 viral process • protein acetylation • Notch signaling pathway • cellular response to UV • protein stabilization • positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity • GO:1901227 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • nervous system development • regulation of autophagy • regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of protein binding • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in unfolded protein response • fat cell differentiation • positive regulation by host of viral transcription • megakaryocyte development • intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator • internal protein amino acid acetylation • regulation of cell cycle • regulation of tubulin deacetylation • GO:1901313 positive regulation of gene expression • histone H4 acetylation • regulation of cellular response to heat • transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair • skeletal muscle tissue development • positive regulation of type I interferon production • response to estrogen • response to hypoxia • regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator • internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation • beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly • DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest • macrophage derived foam cell differentiation • Jednodnevni biološki ritam • protein deubiquitination • GO:0003257, GO:0010735, GO:1901228, GO:1900622, GO:1904488 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II • protein destabilization • regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation • histone acetylation • epigenetic maintenance of chromatin in transcription-competent conformation • peptidyl-lysine propionylation • peptidyl-lysine crotonylation • peptidyl-lysine butyrylation Izvori:Amigo / QuickGO
Ortolozi
Vrste	Čovjek	Miš
Entrez	2033	328572
Ensembl	ENSG00000100393	ENSMUSG00000055024
UniProt	Q09472	B2RWS6
RefSeq (mRNK)	NM_001429 NM_001362843	NM_177821
RefSeq (bjelančevina)	NP_001420 NP_001349772	NP_808489
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 22: 41.09 – 41.18 Mb	Chr 15: 81.47 – 81.54 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[3]	[4]
Wikipodaci
Pogledaj/uredi – čovjek Pogledaj/uredi – miš

Histon-acetiltransferaza p300, znana i kao p300 HAT ili E1A-vezani protein p300 (gdje je E1A = adenovirusna rana regija 1A) također poznat kao i kao EP300 ili p300, jest enzim koji je kod ljudi kodiran genom EP300 sa hromosoma 22.^[5] Funkcioniše kao histon-acetiltransferaza koja reguliše transkripciju gena putem remodeliranja hromatina, dozvoljavajući histonskim proteinima da manje čvrsto omotaju DNK. Ovaj enzim ima esencijalnu ulogu u regulaciji ćelijskog rasta i diobe, podstičući ćelije da sazrijevaju i preuzmu specijalizirane funkcije (diferencijacije), te sprječavaju rast kancerogenih tumora. Čini se da je protein p300 kritičan za normalan razvoj prije i nakon rođenja.

Gen EP300 se nalazi na dugom (q) kraku ljudskog hromosoma 22 na poziciji 13.2. Ovaj gen kodira adenovirusni E1A povezan sa ćelijskim p300 transkripcijskim koaktivatorskim proteinom.

EP300 je blisko povezan sa drugim genom, CREB vezujući protein, koji se nalazi na ljudskom hromosomu 16.

Aminokiselinska sekvenca

Dužina polipeptidnog lanca je 2.414 aminokiselina, a molekulska težina 264.161 Da.

• C: Cistein
• D: Asparaginska kiselina
• E: Glutaminska kiselina
• F: Fenilalanin
• G: Glicin
• H: Histidin
• I: Izoleucin
• K: Lizin
• L: Leucin
• M: Metionin
• N: Asparagin
• P: Prolin
• Q: Glutamin
• R: Arginin
• S: Serin
• T: Treonin
• V: Valin
• W: Triptofan
• Y: Tirozin

10		20		30		40		50
MAENVVEPGP		PSAKRPKLSS		PALSASASDG		TDFGSLFDLE		HDLPDELINS
TELGLTNGGD		INQLQTSLGM		VQDAASKHKQ		LSELLRSGSS		PNLNMGVGGP
GQVMASQAQQ		SSPGLGLINS		MVKSPMTQAG		LTSPNMGMGT		SGPNQGPTQS
TGMMNSPVNQ		PAMGMNTGMN		AGMNPGMLAA		GNGQGIMPNQ		VMNGSIGAGR
GRQNMQYPNP		GMGSAGNLLT		EPLQQGSPQM		GGQTGLRGPQ		PLKMGMMNNP
NPYGSPYTQN		PGQQIGASGL		GLQIQTKTVL		SNNLSPFAMD		KKAVPGGGMP
NMGQQPAPQV		QQPGLVTPVA		QGMGSGAHTA		DPEKRKLIQQ		QLVLLLHAHK
CQRREQANGE		VRQCNLPHCR		TMKNVLNHMT		HCQSGKSCQV		AHCASSRQII
SHWKNCTRHD		CPVCLPLKNA		GDKRNQQPIL		TGAPVGLGNP		SSLGVGQQSA
PNLSTVSQID		PSSIERAYAA		LGLPYQVNQM		PTQPQVQAKN		QQNQQPGQSP
QGMRPMSNMS		ASPMGVNGGV		GVQTPSLLSD		SMLHSAINSQ		NPMMSENASV
PSLGPMPTAA		QPSTTGIRKQ		WHEDITQDLR		NHLVHKLVQA		IFPTPDPAAL
KDRRMENLVA		YARKVEGDMY		ESANNRAEYY		HLLAEKIYKI		QKELEEKRRT
RLQKQNMLPN		AAGMVPVSMN		PGPNMGQPQP		GMTSNGPLPD		PSMIRGSVPN
QMMPRITPQS		GLNQFGQMSM		AQPPIVPRQT		PPLQHHGQLA		QPGALNPPMG
YGPRMQQPSN		QGQFLPQTQF		PSQGMNVTNI		PLAPSSGQAP		VSQAQMSSSS
CPVNSPIMPP		GSQGSHIHCP		QLPQPALHQN		SPSPVPSRTP		TPHHTPPSIG
AQQPPATTIP		APVPTPPAMP		PGPQSQALHP		PPRQTPTPPT		TQLPQQVQPS
LPAAPSADQP		QQQPRSQQST		AASVPTPTAP		LLPPQPATPL		SQPAVSIEGQ
VSNPPSTSST		EVNSQAIAEK		QPSQEVKMEA		KMEVDQPEPA		DTQPEDISES
KVEDCKMEST		ETEERSTELK		TEIKEEEDQP		STSATQSSPA		PGQSKKKIFK
PEELRQALMP		TLEALYRQDP		ESLPFRQPVD		PQLLGIPDYF		DIVKSPMDLS
TIKRKLDTGQ		YQEPWQYVDD		IWLMFNNAWL		YNRKTSRVYK		YCSKLSEVFE
QEIDPVMQSL		GYCCGRKLEF		SPQTLCCYGK		QLCTIPRDAT		YYSYQNRYHF
CEKCFNEIQG		ESVSLGDDPS		QPQTTINKEQ		FSKRKNDTLD		PELFVECTEC
GRKMHQICVL		HHEIIWPAGF		VCDGCLKKSA		RTRKENKFSA		KRLPSTRLGT
FLENRVNDFL		RRQNHPESGE		VTVRVVHASD		KTVEVKPGMK		ARFVDSGEMA
ESFPYRTKAL		FAFEEIDGVD		LCFFGMHVQE		YGSDCPPPNQ		RRVYISYLDS
VHFFRPKCLR		TAVYHEILIG		YLEYVKKLGY		TTGHIWACPP		SEGDDYIFHC
HPPDQKIPKP		KRLQEWYKKM		LDKAVSERIV		HDYKDIFKQA		TEDRLTSAKE
LPYFEGDFWP		NVLEESIKEL		EQEEEERKRE		ENTSNESTDV		TKGDSKNAKK
KNNKKTSKNK		SSLSRGNKKK		PGMPNVSNDL		SQKLYATMEK		HKEVFFVIRL
IAGPAANSLP		PIVDPDPLIP		CDLMDGRDAF		LTLARDKHLE		FSSLRRAQWS
TMCMLVELHT		QSQDRFVYTC		NECKHHVETR		WHCTVCEDYD		LCITCYNTKN
HDHKMEKLGL		GLDDESNNQQ		AAATQSPGDS		RRLSIQRCIQ		SLVHACQCRN
ANCSLPSCQK		MKRVVQHTKG		CKRKTNGGCP		ICKQLIALCC		YHAKHCQENK
CPVPFCLNIK		QKLRQQQLQH		RLQQAQMLRR		RMASMQRTGV		VGQQQGLPSP
TPATPTTPTG		QQPTTPQTPQ		PTSQPQPTPP		NSMPPYLPRT		QAAGPVSQGK
AAGQVTPPTP		PQTAQPPLPG		PPPAAVEMAM		QIQRAAETQR		QMAHVQIFQR
PIQHQMPPMT		PMAPMGMNPP		PMTRGPSGHL		EPGMGPTGMQ		QQPPWSQGGL
PQPQQLQSGM		PRPAMMSVAQ		HGQPLNMAPQ		PGLGQVGISP		LKPGTVSQQA
LQNLLRTLRS		PSSPLQQQQV		LSILHANPQL		LAAFIKQRAA		KYANSNPQPI
PGQPGMPQGQ		PGLQPPTMPG		QQGVHSNPAM		QNMNPMQAGV		QRAGLPQQQP
QQQLQPPMGG		MSPQAQQMNM		NHNTMPSQFR		DILRRQQMMQ		QQQQQGAGPG
IGPGMANHNQ		FQQPQGVGYP		PQQQQRMQHH		MQQMQQGNMG		QIGQLPQALG
AEAGASLQAY		QQRLLQQQMG		SPVQPNPMSP		QQHMLPNQAQ		SPHLQGQQIP
NSLSNQVRSP		QPVPSPRPQS		QPPHSSPSPR		MQPQPSPHHV		SPQTSSPHPG
LVAAQANPME		QGHFASPDQN		SMLSQLASNP		GMANLHGASA		TDLGLSTDNS
DLNSNLSQST		LDIH

Funkcija

p300 HAT funkcionira kao histon-acetiltransferaza^[6] koji regulira transkripciju putem remodeliranja hromatina i važan je u procesima proliferacije i diferencijacije ćelija. Posreduje u regulaciji cAMP-gena, tako što se specifično vezuje za fosforilizirani CREB protein.

p300 HAT sadrži bromodomain koji je uključen u IL6 signalizaciju.^[7]:3.1

Ovaj gen je također identificiran kao koaktivator HIF1A (faktor 1 alfa induciran hipoksijom), te stoga ima ulogu u stimulaciji gena izazvanih hipoksijom, kao što je VEGF.^[8]

Mehanizam

Protein p300 obavlja svoju funkciju aktivacije transkripcije vezivanjem za transkripcijski faktor i transkripcijski mehanizam. Na osnovu ove funkcije, p300 se naziva transkripcijski koaktivator. Interakcijom p300 sa faktorima transkripcije upravlja jedan ili više p300 domena: jedarni receptorski domen interakcije (RID), KIX domen (CREB i MYB domen interakcije), cistein/histidin regije (TAZ1/CH1 i TAZ2/CH3) i interferonski domen za vezivanje odgovora (IBiD). Posljednja četiri domena, KIX, TAZ1, TAZ2 i IBiD od p300, svaki se čvrsto vezuje za sekvencu koja obuhvata oba trasaltivacijska domena 9aaTAD faktora transkripcije p53.^[9]

Klinički značaj

Mutacije u genu EP300 odgovorne su za mali procent slučajeva Rubinstein-Taybijevog sindroma. Ove mutacije rezultiraju gubitkom jedne kopije gena u svakoj ćeliji, što smanjuje količinu p300 proteina za polovinu. Neke mutacije dovode do proizvodnje vrlo kratke, nefunkcionalne verzije proteina p300, dok druge sprječavaju da jedna kopija gena uopće napravi bilo koji protein. Iako se ne zna kako smanjenje količine p300 proteina dovodi do specifičnih karakteristika Rubinstein-Taybijevog sindroma, jasno je da gubitak jedne kopije gena EP300 remeti normalan razvoj.

Preuređenje hromosoma koji uključuje hromosom 22 rijetko je povezano s određenim tipovima raka. Ova preuređivanja, zvana translokacije, remete regiju hromosoma 22 koji sadrži gen EP300. Naprimjer, nađena je translokaciju između hromosoma 8 i 22 kod nekoliko ljudi s rakom krvnih ćelija pod nazivom akutna mijeloidna leukemija (AML). Još jedna translokacija, koja uključuje hromosome 11 i 22, pronađena je kod malog broja ljudi koji su bili podvrgnuti liječenju raka. Ova hromosomska promjena povezana je s razvojem AML-a nakon hemoterapija za druge oblike raka.

Mutacije u genu EP300 identificirane su u nekoliko drugih tipova raka. Ove mutacije su somatske, što znači da se stiču tokom života osobe i prisutne su samo u određenim ćelijama. Somatske mutacije u genu EP300 pronađene su u malom broju solidnih tumora, uključujući karcinom debelog crijeva i rektuma, želuca, dojke i [ [rak gušterače|gušterače]]. Studije sugeriraju da mutacije EP300 također mogu imati ulogu u razvoju nekih karcinoma prostate i mogu pomoći u predviđanju da li će se ovi tumori povećati dimenzije ili proširiti na druge dijelove tijela. U ćelijama raka, mutacije EP300 sprečavaju gen da proizvodi bilo koji funkcionalni protein. Bez p300, ćelije ne mogu efikasno obuzdati rast i podjelu, što može omogućiti nastanak kanceroznih tumora.

Interakcije

Pokazalo se da EP300 reaguje sa:

• BCL3,^[10]
• BRCA1,^[11][12]
• CDX2,^[13]
• CEBPB,^[14]
• CITED1,^[15]
• CITED2,^{[16][17][18][19]}
• DDX5,^[20]
• DTX1,^[21]
• EID1,^[22][23]
• ELK1,^[24]
• ESR1,^[11][25][26]
• FEN1,^[27]
• GPS2,^[28]
• HIF1A,^[29][30]
• HNF1A,^[31]
• HNRPU,^[32]
• ING4,^[33]
• ING5,^[33]
• IRF2,^[34]
• LEF1,^[35]
• MAF,^[36]
• MAML1,^[37][38]
• MEF2C,^[39]
• MEF2D,^[40][41]
• MYBL2,^[42]
• Mdm2,^[43]
• MyoD,^[39][44]
• MEF2A,^[45]
• NCOA6,^[46]
• NFATC2,^[47]
• NPAS2,^[48]
• P53,^{[43][49][50][51][52]}
• PAX6,^[13]
• PCNA,^[53]
• PROX1,^[36]
• PTMA,^[54]
• PPARA,^[55][56]
• PPARG,^[25][57]
• RORA,^[44]
• RELA,^[58][59]
• SMAD1,^[60][61]
• SMAD2,^[62][63]
• SMAD7,^[64]
• SNIP1,^[65]
• SS18,^[66]
• STAT3,^[61]
• STAT6,^[67]
• TAL1,^[68]
• TCF3,^[69]
• TFAP2A,^[17]
• TGS1,^[70]
• TRERF1,^[71]
• TSG101,^[72]
• THRA,^[45]
• TWIST1,^[73]
• YY1,^[74][75] i
• Zif268.^[76]

Reference

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2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000055024 - Ensembl, maj 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
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Vanjski linkovi

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome
• GeneCard
• EP300 protein, human na US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Šablon:NURSA
• FactorBook P300

Ovaj članak uključuje tekst iz Nacionalne medicinske biblioteke Sjedinjenih Država, koji je u javnom vlasništvu.

Šablon:Transkripcijski koregulatori