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The Oceans Portal
A portal dedicated to oceans, seas, oceanography and related topics

Selected panorama

– Hover over image and scroll to middle for controls to see more selected panorama images –

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   Icebergs broken off from glaciers in northern Baffin Bay, Cape York, Greenland
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   A view of the Southern Ocean from Great Ocean Road, Port Campbell, Princetown, Victoria, Australia
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   A mother sperm whale and her calf in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Mauritius
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   A panorama of Zanzibar, Tanzania, particularly the Stone Town, taken from the Indian Ocean
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   Caesio teres in the South Pacific Ocean in Fiji
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   A view of Filfla and the Mediterranean Sea. Filfla is a small, mostly barren, uninhabited islet 4.5 kilometres (2.8 miles) south of Malta.
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   A sea anemone in the Pacific Ocean, Baja California, Mexico
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   A view of Myrtos Beach and the Ionian Sea, Cephalonia, Ionian Islands, Greece
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   A view of the South China Sea, Bacuit Archipelago, municipality of El Nido, Palawan, Philippines
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   Satellite view of the Pacific Ocean and the main windward Hawaiian Islands
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   Clouds over the Southern Ocean, with continent labels
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   Orca (Orcinus orca) hunting a Weddell seal in the Southern Ocean
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   A surfer in the Pacific Ocean at the 2010 Mavericks competition, village of Princeton-by-the-Sea, northern California

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Introduction

Surface view of the Atlantic Ocean

Shortcut

• WP:OCPWP:OCP

The ocean is the body of salt water that covers approximately 70.8% of Earth. The ocean is conventionally divided into large bodies of water, which are also referred to as oceans (in descending order by area: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Antarctic/Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean), and are themselves mostly divided into seas, gulfs and subsequent bodies of water. The ocean contains 97% of Earth's water and is the primary component of Earth's hydrosphere, acting as a huge reservoir of heat for Earth's energy budget, as well as for its carbon cycle and water cycle, forming the basis for climate and weather patterns worldwide. The ocean is essential to life on Earth, harbouring most of Earth's animals and protist life, originating photosynthesis and therefore Earth's atmospheric oxygen, still supplying half of it. (Full article...)

Waves in Pacifica, California

A sea is a large body of salt water. There are particular seas and the sea. The sea commonly refers to the ocean, the interconnected body of seawaters that spans most of Earth. Particular seas are either marginal seas, second-order sections of the oceanic sea (e.g. the Mediterranean Sea), or certain large, nearly landlocked bodies of water. (Full article...)

Oceanography (from Ancient Greek ὠκεανός (ōkeanós) 'ocean' and γραφή (graphḗ) 'writing'), also known as oceanology, sea science, ocean science, and marine science, is the scientific study of the ocean, including its physics, chemistry, biology, and geology. (Full article...)

Read more about oceans...
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Selected article - show another

Ernst Haeckel's 96th plate, showing some marine invertebrates. Marine invertebrates have a large variety of body plans, which are currently categorised into over 30 phyla.

Marine invertebrates are invertebrate animals that live in marine habitats, and make up most of the macroscopic life in the oceans. It is a polyphyletic blanket term that contains all marine animals except the marine vertebrates, including the non-vertebrate members of the phylum Chordata such as lancelets, sea squirts and salps. As the name suggests, marine invertebrates lack any mineralized axial endoskeleton, i.e. the vertebral column, and some have evolved a rigid shell, test or exoskeleton for protection and/or locomotion, while others rely on internal fluid pressure to support their bodies. Marine invertebrates have a large variety of body plans, and have been categorized into over 30 phyla. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Sea Resolution Guyot 2002 Pacific typhoon season Gulf Stream Sea surface temperature List of Category 5 Pacific hurricanes William Speirs Bruce Ocean acidification Norwegian Sea Barents Sea Seawater Ocean deoxygenation Effects of climate change on oceans South China Sea Tide Sea level rise Wind wave Coast Tsunami Sea level Marine habitats Mid-ocean ridge Intertidal ecology Marine life Ancient maritime history Estuary Marine microorganisms Piracy Marine viruses Marine prokaryotes Seafood Adriatic Sea Sea of Japan naming dispute Marine fungi Abyssal plain Weather ship History of navigation Estuaries of Texas Ocean liner Gulf of Finland Philippine Sea Cruise ship Marine biology Labrador Sea Marine debris Coral reef Rogue wave Marine pollution Environmental issues with coral reefs Cobb Seamount Mediterranean Sea Marine protected area Blue carbon Deep-water coral Somali Current Principality of Sealand Cold seep Aegean Sea List of largest cruise ships Iceberg Sea ice Tidal power Marine mammal Marine art Challenger Deep Panthalassa Ring of Fire Seamount Great Pacific garbage patch Northwest Passage Titanic Sea anemone Larsen Ice Shelf Whaling in Japan Ecosystem of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Swell (ocean) Marine food web Deep-sea exploration Offshore drilling Antarctic Circumpolar Current Bermuda Triangle Agulhas Current Caribbean Sea Ship Deep sea fish Deep sea Thermohaline circulation Whale Age of Discovery Clipper route Marine snow Hydrothermal vent Allison Guyot Paleo-Tethys Ocean Central American Seaway Sargasso Sea Ekman transport Argo (oceanography) Ocean acoustic tomography Moby-Dick Baltic Sea Bay of Bengal Yellow Sea Ross Sea Hudson Bay Strait of Hormuz Red Sea Persian Gulf Vikings Ming treasure voyages Portuguese discoveries Cetacean surfacing behaviour Gulf of Aden Gulf of Mexico Oceanic carbon cycle Law of the sea Hanseatic League

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Interesting facts - show different entries

• In 1989, the colonial coral Astroides calycularis expanded its range to the Adriatic Sea after previously being restricted to an area west of Sicily.

• San Diego physician Fred Baker was a co-founder of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the San Diego Zoo.

• The sea hedgehog is a cannibal.

More facts

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Selected list articles and Marine habitat topics

• List of oceans
• List of ancient oceans
• List of seas
• List of circumnavigations
• List of cruise lines
• List of largest lakes and seas in the Solar System
• List of marine biologists
• List of marine ecoregions
• List of maritime explorers
• List of naval battles
• List of ocean liners
• List of oceanographic institutions and programs
• List of oldest surviving ships
• List of rogue waves
• List of seafood dishes
• List of submarine topographical features

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Tasks

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Here are some tasks awaiting attention: Article requests : List of oceanographers, create a comprehensive article on Concentrations of marine debris out of all the gyre and "garbage patch" articles Copyedit : Draft:Terrance (octopus) Expand : Coral Sea, Endeavour Strait, Greenland Sea, Solomon Sea Photo : find images for Category:Wikipedia requested photographs in the oceans Stubs : Oceanography stub articles, Marine geography stub articles, Aleutian Trench, Bellingshausen Sea, Caernarfon Bay, Gerlache Strait, Gulf of Oman, Iceland Sea, Draft:Terrance (octopus) Update : Botany Bay, Wilkins Sound, Mariana Trench, Challenger Deep Verify : Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Bering Sea, Gulf of Aden, Iceberg B-15, Ionian Sea, Japan Trench, Moreton Bay, Sound (geography), Timor Sea Other : add ISBNs and remove excessive or inappropriate external links from Aral Sea; check La Belle (ship) for GA status; improve citations or footnotes and remove excessive or inappropriate external links from MS Estonia

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General images - show new batch

The following are images from various ocean-related articles on Wikipedia.

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  Image 1Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) are a keystone species of the food web. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 2Agulhas Bank (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 3Marine debris on a Hawaiian coast in 2008 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 4Sunset over the Pacific Ocean as seen from the International Space Station. Tops of thunderclouds are also visible. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 5The three major cultural areas of the Pacific Ocean islands: Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 6Malé's population has increased from 20,000 people in 1987 to more than 220,000 people in 2020. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 7A Ring of Fire; the Pacific is ringed by many volcanoes and oceanic trenches. This map does not show the Cascadia subduction zone along part of the west coast of North America, whose trench is completely buried in sediments. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 8A map of Australia's official interpretation of the names and limits of oceans and seas around Australia (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 9Coral reefs of the Maldives (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 10"Terres Australes" [sic] label without any charted landmass (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 11Density structure of the upper 1,200 m (3,900 ft) in the Arctic Ocean. Profiles of temperature and salinity for the Amundsen Basin, the Canadian Basin and the Greenland Sea are sketched. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 12According to the Coastal hypothesis, modern humans spread from Africa along the northern rim of the Indian Ocean. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 13Air pollution in South Asia spread over the Bay of Bengal and beyond. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 14Tarawa Atoll in Kiribati (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 15Typhoon Tip at global peak intensity on 12 October 1979 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 16Banks of the northeast Atlantic (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 17USS Vincennes at Disappointment Bay, Antarctica in early 1840 (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 18The Arctic Ocean, with borders as delineated by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), including Hudson Bay (some of which is south of 57°N latitude, off the map) and all other marginal seas. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 19Capture of Atlantic northwest cod in million tons (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 20"Southern Ocean" as alternative to the Aethiopian Ocean, 18th century (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 21A copepod (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 22Continents and islands of the Southern Ocean (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 23Walruses on Arctic ice floe (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 24An exclusive economic zone (EEZ) map of the Pacific (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 25Severe cracks in an ice pier in use for four seasons at McMurdo Station slowed cargo operations in 1983 and proved a safety hazard. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 26Portrait of Edmund Halley by Godfrey Kneller (before 1721) (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 27False color map of ocean depth in the Atlantic basin (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 28An iceberg being pushed out of a shipping lane by (L to R) USS Burton Island, USS Atka, and USS Glacier near McMurdo Station, Antarctica, 1965 (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 29A wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) on South Georgia (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 30Admiral von Bellingshausen (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 31Path of the thermohaline circulation. Purple paths represent deep-water currents, while blue paths represent surface currents.
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  Image 321911 South Polar Regions exploration map (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 33Waves in the trade winds in the Atlantic Ocean – areas of converging winds that move along the same track as the prevailing wind – create instabilities in the atmosphere that may lead to the formation of hurricanes.
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  Image 34Greco-Roman trade with ancient India according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea 1st century CE (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 35Frank Hurley: As time wore on it became more and more evident that the ship was doomed (Endurance trapped in pack ice), National Library of Australia. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 36Maris Pacifici by Ortelius (1589). One of the first printed maps to show the Pacific Ocean (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 37In the subpolar gyre of the North Atlantic warm subtropical waters are transformed into colder subpolar and polar waters. In the Labrador Sea this water flows back to the subtropical gyre. (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 38Bahama Banks (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 39Impact of El Niño and La Niña on North America (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 40The 1564 Typus Orbis Terrarum, a map by Abraham Ortelius, showed the imagined link between the proposed continent of Antarctica and South America. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 41Mombasa Port on Kenya's Indian Ocean coast (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 42Map of the Pacific Ocean during European Exploration, circa 1754. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 43Universalis Cosmographia, also known as the Waldseemüller map, dated 1507, was the first map to show the Americas separating two distinct oceans. South America was generally considered the New World and shows the name "America" for the first time, after Amerigo Vespucci (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 44Distribution of the major water mass in the Arctic Ocean. The section sketches the different water masses along a vertical section from Bering Strait over the geographic North Pole to Fram Strait. As the stratification is stable, deeper water masses are denser than the layers above. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 45A female warty squid (Moroteuthis ingens) (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 46Embarked and disembarked slaves in the Atlantic slave trade 1525–1863 (first and last slave voyages) (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 47The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the strongest current system in the world oceans, linking the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific basins. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 48A stratovolcano in Ulawun on the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 49On the sea ice of the Arctic Ocean temporary logistic stations may be installed. Here, a Twin Otter is refueled on the pack ice at 86°N, 76°43‘W. on April 16, 1990 during a flight to the North Pole (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 50Minke whale (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 51Madagascar's elephant bird, Mauritius's dodo bird and ostrich (from left to right) (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 52In 2020, Japanese Prime Minister Suga declined to drink the bottle of Fukushima's treated radioactive water that he was holding, which would otherwise be discharged to the Pacific. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 53Map of the Pacific Ocean during European Exploration, circa 1702–1707 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 541928 delineation (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 55Pacific Ocean currents have created three islands of debris. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 56Banks of the northwest Atlantic (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 57The island geography of the Pacific Ocean Basin (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 58The bathyscaphe Trieste before her record dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, 23 January 1960 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 59Location of the Southern Ocean gyres (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 60Manganese nodule (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 61Made in 1529, the Diogo Ribeiro map was the first to show the Pacific at about its proper size (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 62Area inside the black line indicates the area constituting the Pacific Ocean prior to 2002; darker blue areas are its informal current borders following the recreation of the Southern Ocean and the reinclusion of marginal seas. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 63Cod fishery in Norway (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 64The economically important Silk Road was blocked from Europe by the Ottoman Empire in c. 1453 with the fall of the Byzantine Empire. This spurred exploration, and a new sea route around Africa was found, triggering the Age of Discovery. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 65The Arctic region; of note, the region's southerly border on this map is depicted by a red isotherm, with all territory to the north having an average temperature of less than 10 °C (50 °F) in July. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 66The Atlantic Gyres influenced the Portuguese discoveries and trading port routes, here shown in the India Run ("Carreira da Índia"), which would be developed in subsequent years. (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 67The Kennedy Channel. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 68Map showing the migration of the Austronesian peoples (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 691937 delineation (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 70Model of a Fijian drua, an example of an Austronesian vessel with a double-canoe (catamaran) hull and a crab claw sail (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 71Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, Washington, U.S. in 2020 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 72The Andaman Negritos are thought to be the first inhabitants of the Andaman Islands, having emigrated from the mainland tens of thousands of years ago. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 73

  Upwelling in the Southern Ocean

  (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 74Sunset in Monterey County, California, U.S. (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 75Sea cover in the Arctic Ocean, showing the median, 2005 and 2007 coverage (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 76Emanuel Bowen's 1780s map of the Arctic features a "Northern Ocean". (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 77Abel Aubert du Petit-Thouars taking over Tahiti on 9 September 1842 (from Pacific Ocean)
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  Image 78Thule archaeological site (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 79Excavation of the Ertebølle middens in 1880 (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 80Marine debris strewn over the beaches of the South Atlantic Inaccessible Island (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 81Aldabra giant tortoise from the islands of the Aldabra Atoll in the Seychelles (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 82A general delineation of the Antarctic Convergence, sometimes used by scientists as the demarcation of the Southern Ocean (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 83A bathymetric/topographic map of the Arctic Ocean and the surrounding lands. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 84Fish of the Notothenioidei suborder, such as this young icefish, are mostly restricted to the Antarctic and Subantarctic. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 85The British invasion of Isle de France on 29 November 1810 during the Napoleonic Wars (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 86The Austronesian maritime trade network was the first trade routes in the Indian Ocean. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 87Iceberg A22A in the South Atlantic Ocean (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 88Three polar bears approach USS Honolulu near the North Pole. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 89An adult and sub-adult Minke whale are dragged aboard the Japanese whaling vessel Nisshin Maru. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 90James Weddell's second expedition in 1823, depicting the brig Jane and the cutter Beaufroy (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 91Famous official portrait of Captain James Cook who proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. "He holds his own chart of the Southern Ocean on the table and his right hand points to the east coast of Australia on it." (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 92Major ocean trade routes in the world include the northern Indian Ocean. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 93The Aethiopian Ocean depicted in a 1710 French map of Africa (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 94The International Hydrographic Organization's delineation of the "Southern Ocean" has moved steadily southward since the original 1928 edition of its Limits of Oceans and Seas. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 95Orca (Orcinus orca) hunting a Weddell seal in the Southern Ocean (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 96For most of the 16th century, the Portuguese dominated the Indian Ocean trade. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 97The Arctic region showing the Northeast Passage, the Northern Sea Route within it, and the Northwest Passage via Canadian Inland Waters. (from Arctic Ocean)
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  Image 98MS Explorer in Antarctica in January 1999. She sank on 23 November 2007 after hitting an iceberg. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 99Based on the medieval Íslendingasögur sagas, including the Grœnlendinga saga, this interpretative map of the "Norse World" shows that Norse knowledge of the Americas and the Atlantic remained limited. (from Atlantic Ocean)
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  Image 100As the Gulf Stream meanders across the North Atlantic from the North American east coast to Western Europe its temperature drops by 20 °C (36 °F).
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  Image 101Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are the most southerly of Antarctic mammals. (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 102The Antarctic Ocean, as delineated by the draft 4th edition of the International Hydrographic Organization's Limits of Oceans and Seas (2002) (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 103Seas that are parts of the Southern Ocean (from Southern Ocean)
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  Image 104A Chagossian on Diego Garcia in 1971, before the British expelled the islanders. He spoke a French-based creole language and his ancestors were likely brought as slaves in the 19th century. (from Indian Ocean)
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  Image 105During summer, warm continental masses draw moist air from the Indian Ocean, producing heavy rainfall. The process is reversed during winter, resulting in dry conditions. (from Indian Ocean)

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Related portals

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In the news

16 May 2026 –

The carcass of a humpback whale that washed ashore on the Danish island of Anholt is confirmed to be that of Timmy, a whale that was stranded off the coast of Germany for several weeks before later being released into the North Sea. The Ocean Museum Germany concludes that Timmy likely died shortly after being released from the barge due to exhaustion. (Welt)

13 May 2026 –

The Ocean Dream Diamond sells for US$17 million at a Christie's auction, setting a record price for a blue-green diamond sold at auction. (AFP via France 24)

10 May 2026 – Morocco–United States relations, Exercise African Lion

The remains of an American soldier who went missing during a military exercise in Morocco are found on the country's Atlantic coastline by the Moroccan military. (AP)

9 May 2026 – MV Hondius hantavirus outbreak

British Army medics are parachuted from an RAF A400M onto the remote Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha to deliver vital supplies to a British national with suspected hantavirus. (BBC News)

6 May 2026 – Middle Eastern crisis

France deploys the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle and its strike group to the Red Sea ahead of a proposed British–French mission aimed at securing maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz. (AP)

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WikiProjects

WikiProjects

• WikiProject Oceans
• WikiProject Limnology and Oceanography
• WikiProject Marine life
• WikiProject Cetaceans
• WikiProject Fishes
• WikiProject Sharks

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Related WikiProjects

• WikiProject Arthropods
• WikiProject Fisheries and Fishing
• WikiProject Lakes
• WikiProject Rivers

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Topics

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More topics

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Categories

Category puzzle

Select [►] to view subcategories Oceans

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Associated Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject:

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  Commons
  Free media repository
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  Wikidata
  Free knowledge base
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  Wikiquote
  Collection of quotations
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  Wikisource
  Free-content library
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  Wikiversity
  Free learning tools
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  Wiktionary
  Dictionary and thesaurus

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Admiralty law

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Need assistance?

Need assistance?

Do you have a question about oceans, seas or oceanography that you can't find the answer to? Consider asking it at the Wikipedia reference desk.

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External media

External media

• World Ocean Database and World Ocean Atlas Series – from the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Information, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Includes the World Ocean Atlas.
• European Atlas of the Seas – the European Atlas of the Seas, from the European Commission
• NOAA Research – NOAA research news, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR)
• Ocean Research – from The World Ocean Observatory
• Ocean Biodiversity Information System – "a global open-access data and information clearing-house on marine biodiversity for science, conservation and sustainable development"

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