Hưng phấn

Hưng phấn (tiếng Anh: euphoric, hay là phởn phơ, phê) là một trải nghiệm (hay tác động) vui sướng hoặc kích động và cảm giác hạnh phúc mãnh liệt.^[1]^[2] Trạng thái này ít có được trong các hành vi bình thường của con người, đôi khi gây ra bởi việc sử dụng các loại thuốc tác động đến thần kinh. Một số hành vi tự nhiên, chẳng hạn như các thời điểm đạt cực khoái trong hành vi quan hệ tình dục hay tâm trạng giành chiến thắng của vận động viên, có thể gây ra trạng thái hưng phấn ngắn. Trạng thái hưng phấn cũng có thể diễn ra trong quá trình thiền định nghi lễ tôn giáo.

Tham khảo

^ Bearn J, O'Brien M (2015). “Chapter Ten - "Addicted to Euphoria": The History, Clinical Presentation, and Management of Party Drug Misuse”. "Addicted to Euphoria": The History, Clinical Presentation, and Management of Party Drug Misuse. Int. Rev. Neurobiol. International Review of Neurobiology. 120. Academic Press. tr. 205–33. doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2015.02.005. ISBN 9780128029787. PMID 26070759. Eating, drinking, sexual activity and parenting invoke pleasure, an emotion that promotes repetition of these behaviors, are essential for survival. Euphoria, a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness, is an amplification of pleasure, aspired to one's essential biological needs that are satisfied. People use party drugs as a shortcut to euphoria. Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and ketamine fall under the umbrella of the term "party drugs," each with differing neuropharmacological and physiological actions.
^ Alcaro A, Panksepp J (2011). “The SEEKING mind: primal neuro-affective substrates for appetitive incentive states and their pathological dynamics in addictions and depression”. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 35 (9): 1805–1820. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.03.002. PMID 21396397. S2CID 6613696. Recent human data have demonstrated that the SEEKING brain circuitry, as predicted, is involved in the emergence of a characteristic appetitive affective state, which may be described as "enthusiastic positive excitement" or "euphoria" (Drevets et al., 2001; Volkow and Swanson, 2003) and that do not resemble any kind of sensory pleasure (Heath, 1996; Panksepp et al., 1985) ... However, in our view, cognitive processes, are only one "slice of the pie", and gamma oscillations may be more globally viewed as the overall emotional–motivational neurodynamics through which the SEEKING disposition is expressed, accompanied by a feeling of excitement/eurphoria (not 'pleasure') that is evolutionarily designed to achieve a diversity of useful outcomes

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[Euphoria_definition-1] Bearn J, O'Brien M (2015). “Chapter Ten - "Addicted to Euphoria": The History, Clinical Presentation, and Management of Party Drug Misuse”. "Addicted to Euphoria": The History, Clinical Presentation, and Management of Party Drug Misuse. Int. Rev. Neurobiol. International Review of Neurobiology. 120. Academic Press. tr. 205–33. doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2015.02.005. ISBN 9780128029787. PMID 26070759. Eating, drinking, sexual activity and parenting invoke pleasure, an emotion that promotes repetition of these behaviors, are essential for survival. Euphoria, a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness, is an amplification of pleasure, aspired to one's essential biological needs that are satisfied. People use party drugs as a shortcut to euphoria. Ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), γ-hydroxybutyric acid, and ketamine fall under the umbrella of the term "party drugs," each with differing neuropharmacological and physiological actions.

[pmid21396397-2] Alcaro A, Panksepp J (2011). “The SEEKING mind: primal neuro-affective substrates for appetitive incentive states and their pathological dynamics in addictions and depression”. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 35 (9): 1805–1820. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.03.002. PMID 21396397. S2CID 6613696. Recent human data have demonstrated that the SEEKING brain circuitry, as predicted, is involved in the emergence of a characteristic appetitive affective state, which may be described as "enthusiastic positive excitement" or "euphoria" (Drevets et al., 2001; Volkow and Swanson, 2003) and that do not resemble any kind of sensory pleasure (Heath, 1996; Panksepp et al., 1985) ... However, in our view, cognitive processes, are only one "slice of the pie", and gamma oscillations may be more globally viewed as the overall emotional–motivational neurodynamics through which the SEEKING disposition is expressed, accompanied by a feeling of excitement/eurphoria (not 'pleasure') that is evolutionarily designed to achieve a diversity of useful outcomes

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[2]

x t s Cảm xúc (danh sách)
Cảm xúc	Chấp nhận Sự tôn thờ Aesthetic emotions Tình cảm Kích động tâm lý Đau Amusement Tức giận Angst Anguish Sự khó chịu Anticipation Lo âu Thờ ơ Arousal Interpersonal attraction Awe Chán Calmness Lòng trắc ẩn Tin tưởng Coi thường Hài lòng Dũng sĩ Cruelty Tò mò Defeatism Sầu Desire Sầu Thất vọng Ghê tởm Distrust Ecstasy (emotion) Xấu hổ Vicarious embarrassment Đồng cảm Chú ý Enthusiasm Ganh tị Hưng phấn Kích thích Sợ Dòng chảy (tâm lý) Frustration Gratification Biết ơn Tham lam Grief Tội lỗi (cảm xúc) Hạnh phúc Thù ghét Hiraeth Homesickness Hy vọng Horror and terror Hostility Humiliation Hygge Hysteria Chủ nghĩa khoái lạc Infatuation Emotional security Artistic inspiration Interest (emotion) Irritability Isolation (psychology) Ghen Vui mừng Lòng tốt Cô đơn Desire Tình yêu Limerence Lust Mono no aware Neglect Hoài niệm Outrage (emotion) Panic Đam mê Pity Self-pity Niềm vui Pride Grandiosity Ngạo mạn Insult Vanity Rage (emotion) Hối tiếc Social connection Social rejection Hối hận Resentment Buồn Melancholia Saudade Vui sướng trên nỗi đau của người khác Sehnsucht Tin tưởng Sentimentality Xấu hổ (cảm xúc) Acute stress disorder Nhút nhát Sorrow (emotion) Spite (sentiment) Căng thẳng (tâm lý) Đau khổ Ngạc nhiên Sympathy Chronic stress Trust (social science) Wonder (emotion) Worry
Thế giới quan	Cynicism (contemporary) Defeatism Thuyết hư vô Lạc quan Bi quan Recluse Weltschmerz
Liên quan	Affect Affect consciousness Affect (education) Affect measures Affect (psychology) Affective Affective computing Affective forecasting Affective neuroscience Affective science Affective spectrum Affectivity Positive affectivity Negative affectivity Appeal to emotion Emotion Art and emotion Emotion and memory Music and emotion Sex differences in psychology Emotion classification Evolution of emotion Expressed emotion Functional accounts of emotion Group emotion Homeostatic emotion Emotion perception Emotion recognition Emotion recognition in conversation Cảm xúc ở động vật Emotional self-regulation Interpersonal emotion regulation Emotion work Emotional Emotional aperture Emotional bias Emotional blackmail Emotional competence Emotional conflict Emotional contagion Emotional detachment Emotional dysregulation Emotional eating Emotional exhaustion Trí tuệ xúc cảm Bullying and emotional intelligence Emotional intimacy Emotional isolation Emotional lability Emotional labor Emotional lateralization Emotional literacy Emotional prosody Emotional reasoning Emotional responsivity Emotional security Emotional selection Emotional symbiosis Emotional well-being Emotionality Bounded emotionality Emotions Emotions and culture Emotions in decision-making Emotions in the workplace Emotions in virtual communication History of emotions Moral emotions Self-conscious emotions Social emotions Social sharing of emotions Sociology of emotions Cảm giác Gender and emotional expression Group affective tone Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems Meta-emotion Pathognomy Pathos Social emotional development Stoic passions Theory Affect theory Appraisal theory Discrete emotion theory Somatic marker hypothesis Theory of constructed emotion