És un peix marí, bentopelàgic[11] i batipelàgic que viu entre 300 i 1.180 m de fondària als talussos continentals i insulars i entre les latituds 55°N-49°S i 113°E-34°E. Hom creu que no realitza migracions verticals.[12][6][13]
↑Johnson J. Y., 1863. Description of five new species of fishes obtained at Madeira. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1863 (pt 1). 36-46.
↑Johnson, J. Y., 1863. Description of five new species of fishes obtained at Madeira. Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London 1863 (pt 1): 36-46, Pl. 7.
↑Hulley, P.A., 1990. Neoscopelidae. P. 468-469. A: J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (eds.). Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI, París; i UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
↑Hulley, P.A., 1986. Neoscopelidae. P. 321-322. A: M.M. Smith i P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín.
↑Rohr, B.A. i Gutherz, E.J., 1977. Biology of offshore hake, Merluccius albidus, in the gulf of Mexico. Fish. Bull. 75(1):147-158.
↑Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
↑Hulley, P.A., 1984. Neoscopelidae. P. 426-428. A: P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
↑Shcherbachev, Y.N., 1987. Preliminary list of thalassobathyal fishes of the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean. J. Ichthyol. 27(2): 37-46.
↑Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer i H.J. Boyer, 1993. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Roma, Itàlia. 250 p.
↑Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura i E. Fujii (eds.), 1983. Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tòquio (Japó). 519 p.
↑Bernardes, R.Á., J.L. de Figueiredo, A.R. Rodrigues, L.G. Fischer, C.M. Vooren, M. Haimovici i C.L.D.B. Rossi-Wongtschowski, 2005. Peixes de Zona Econômica Exclusiva da Região Sudeste-Sul do Brasil: Levantamento com armadilhas, pargueiras e rede de arrasto de fundo. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo. 295 p.
↑McAllister, D.E., 1990. A list of the fishes of Canada. Syllogeus Núm. 64. Nat. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ottawa, Canadà. 310 p.
↑Tinker, S.W., 1978. Fishes of Hawaii, a handbook of the marine fishes of Hawaii and the Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu. 568 p.
↑Yang, J., Z. Huang, S. Chen i Q. Li, 1996. The Deep-Water Pelagic Fishes in the Area form Nansha Islands to the Northeast part of South China Sea. Science Publication Company, Beijing. 190 pp.
↑Randall, J.E. i K.K.P. Lim (eds.), 2000. A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667.
↑Caldwell, K.D., 1966. Marine and freshwater fishes of Jamaica. Bull. Inst. Jamaica (17):7-109.
↑Claro, R., 1994. Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. A R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba i Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo.
↑Claro, R. i L.R. Parenti, 2001. The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. A: Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman i L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC i Londres. 253 p.
↑De la Paz, R.M. i R. Interior, 1979. Deep-sea fishes off Lubang Island, Philippines. Nat. Applied Sci. Bull. 31(3-4):175 p.
↑Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 2009. Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p.
↑Gomon, M.F., C.J.M. Glover i R.H. Kuiter (eds.), 1994. The fishes of Australia's south coast. State Print, Adelaida, Austràlia. 992 p.
↑Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton i G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. i A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.
↑Kapoor, D., R. Dayal i A.G. Ponniah, 2002. Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, Índia. 775 p.
↑Masuda, H.; Amaoka, K.; Araga, C.; Uyeno, T.; Yoshino, T. 日本産魚類大図鑑 (Enciclopèdia japonesa del peix) (en japonès). 1. 東海大学出版会 (Tokai University Press), 1984. ISBN 9784486050544.
↑Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood i M.V. Vinter, 1989. Laboratory guide to early life history stages of Northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80:1-652.
↑Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn i T. Songsirikul, 1997. Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Tailàndia. 353 p.
↑Nielsen, J.G., 1979. Neoscopelidae. P. 170. A: J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.). Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
↑Okiyama, M., 1988. An atlas of the early stage fishes in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tòquio (Japó). 1157 p.
↑Parin, N.V., A.N. Mironov i K.N. Nesis, 1997. Biology of the Nazca and Sala-y-Gómez submarine ridges, an outpost of the Indo-West Pacific fauna in the Eastern Pacific ocean: composition and distribution of the fauna, its community and history. Adv. Mar. Biol. 32:145-242.
↑Parin, N.V., Y.N. Shcherbachev i N.P. Pakhorukov, 1995. Bottom and near-bottom fishes of the Rio Grande Rise (Southwest Atlantic Ocean). J. Ichthyol. 35(9):205-219.
↑Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts i P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series Núm. 19. xiv+279 p.
↑Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen i J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p.
↑Ramjohn, D.D. 1999. Checklist of coastal and marine fishes of Trinidad and Tobago. Marine Fishery Analysis Unit, Fisheries Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Land and Marine Resources, Trinitat i Tobago. Fisheries Information Series 8, 151 p.
↑Roberts, C.D., 1991. Fishes of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand: a trawl survey and summary of the ichthyofauna. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 25(1):1-19.
↑Shcherbachev Yu, N., E.I. Kukuev i V.I. Shlibanov, 1985. Composition of the benthic and demersal ichthyocenoses of the submarine mountains in the southern part of the North Atlantic Range. J. Ichthyol. 25:110-125.
Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
Divisió de Peixos de la Smithsonian Institution. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del Museu Nacional d'Història Natural (en anglès). Smithsonian Institution, 2001.