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Fatayer

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For a person with the surname Fatayer, see Souzan Fatayer.
Fatayer
TypeMeat pie
Place of originLevant
Region or state
Associated cuisineLevantine cuisine
Main ingredientsMeat, spinach, cheese or za'atar
  •  Wikimedia Commons logo Media: Fatayer

Fatayer (Standard Arabic: فطائر, romanized: faṭāʾir; Levantine Arabic: فطاير, romanized: faṭāyir; sg. فطيرة, faṭīra) are meat pies that can alternatively be stuffed with spinach or cheese such as feta or akkawi.[1] They are part of Arab and Levantine cuisine and are eaten in Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt.[2][3][4] Fatayer are also popular in Argentina, where they are considered a variety of empanada under the name empanadas árabes (singular form empanada árabe), and in Brazil, where they are known as esfihas fechadas ("closed sfihas", singular form esfiha fechada).

Some fatayer are commonly frozen and reheated prior to eating.[5]

History and etymology

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The word fatayer is derived from the Arabic word faṭīrah (فطيرة), whose plural form is faṭayīr.[6][7] The word fatayir is attested in English as early as 1882 in an Arabic-English dictionary by Francis Joseph Steingass, where its translated as "pastry", and equated with sambusaq.[8]

The name fatayer is sometimes used interchangeably with sambusak; referring to the baked or fried Arab turnovers.[9][3] Sambusak descends from the medieval samosa, which is attested as early as the 9th-century in Persia.[3][4] According to food historian Nawal Nasrallah, sambusak can be considered a variety of fatayir.[4]

Fatayer originally referred to unleavened flatbreads, but eventually came to refer to filled pastries made with said unleavened bread.[4][6] Triangular filled pastries filled with cheese called mujabbanat (Arabic: مجبنات) can be found in a 13th-century augmented version of Ibn Sayyar al-Warraq's 10th century cookbook Kitab al-Tabikh. She also describes the medieval sambusak as a variety of fatayir.[4]

Regional variations

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Levant

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Different combinations of fillings and shapes are used for fatayer. Common fillings include:

A variety of spices may also be used for each variant.[14][5][15] The shapes also vary; some are fully enclosed triangles, while other are shaped like boats with part of the filling exposed.[10] The dough is sometimes unleavened, and can be flavored with spices like mahleb.[10][3] The different shapes may denote different fillings, for instances, triangles for spinach, and boats for cheese.[16]

Latin America

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Empanadas àrabes, or fatay, are a variation of fatayer popular in some Latin American countries, such as Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, and Venezuela.[17][18]

Fatay are triangular, with a filling typically consisting of tomato, onion, and minced meat, and topped with lemon juice. They are sometimes open-faced and sometimes closed; they closely resemble sfiha.[17][18][19]

  • Fatayer sabanekh
    Fatayer sabanekh
  • Palestinian fatayer zaatar
    Palestinian fatayer zaatar
  • Empanadas àrabes, open-faced like sfiha and served with lemons
    Empanadas àrabes, open-faced like sfiha and served with lemons

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Labensky, Steven; Ingram, Gaye G.; Labensky, Sarah R. (2001). Webster's New World Dictionary of Culinary Arts. Prentice Hall. p. 166. ISBN 9780130264305.
  2. ^ a b Anissa Helou (6 May 2019). "How to make Lebanese fatayer with spinach and labneh fillings". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 29 September 2025.
  3. ^ a b c d Marks, Gil (17 November 2010). "Sambusak". Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. HMH. ISBN 978-0-544-18631-6. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  4. ^ a b c d e Nasrallah, Nawal (2013). Delights from the Garden of Eden: A Cookbook and History of the Iraqi Cuisine. Equinox Pub. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-84553-457-8. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  5. ^ a b c d Tamimi, Sami; Wigley, Tara (26 March 2020). "Snacks, Spreads and Sauces". Falastin: A Cookbook. Ebury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4735-5775-8.
  6. ^ a b Khayr al-Din al-Asadi (1981). موسوعة حلب المقارنة [Comparative Encyclopedia of Aleppo] (in Arabic). pp. 2220–2222. Retrieved 12 Jan 2025.
  7. ^ a b "سيدات يقتصدن في تحضير "الكشك".. مؤونة غير معتادة باللاذقية" [Women are frugal in preparing "kishk," an unusual staple food in Latakia.]. Enab Baladi (in Arabic). 27 August 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2025.
  8. ^ Steingass, Francis Joseph (1882). English-Arabic Dictionary: For the Use of Both Travellers and Students (in Arabic and English). W.H. Allen. p. 277. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  9. ^ Goldstein, Joyce (12 April 2016). The New Mediterranean Jewish Table: Old World Recipes for the Modern Home. Univ of California Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-520-96061-9. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  10. ^ a b c d e Helou, Anissa (4 October 2018). Feast: Food of the Islamic World. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5266-0556-6. Retrieved 28 September 2025.
  11. ^ "Fatayer Jibneh (Cheese fatayer)". Middle East Monitor. 26 June 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2025.
  12. ^ Choufan, Matan; Bishara, Muzna (17 February 2022). "For Muzna Bishara, Za'atar Is the Scent of Winter". Asif. Retrieved 25 July 2025.
  13. ^ ""الفطاير".. وليمة العيد الموروثة في حوران" ["Fatayer" is the traditional Eid feast in Hauran.]. Enab Baladi (in Arabic). 28 June 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2025.
  14. ^ Kalla, Joudie (18 October 2018). "The Bakery". Baladi: Palestine a celebration of food from land and sea. Jacqui Small. ISBN 978-1-911127-86-4.
  15. ^ "Cook this: Spinach turnovers — fatayer sbenegh — from Forever Beirut". National Post. Retrieved 20 April 2025.
  16. ^ Senater, Len (5 March 2024). The Depanneur Cookbook. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-6680-0273-5. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  17. ^ a b "Día Mundial de la Empanada: recetas infalibles para celebrar un clásico de la cocina" [World Empanada Day: foolproof recipes to celebrate a culinary classic]. Nuevo Diario Web (in Spanish). 8 April 2025. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  18. ^ a b "Empanadas árabes: Receta de Fatay original - Paulina Cocina" [Arabic empanadas: traditional Fatay recipe]. www.paulinacocina.net (in Spanish). 26 March 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
  19. ^ "El restaurante de Buenos Aires que prepara "la fatay más famosa"" [The Buenos Aires restaurant that prepares "the most famous fatay"]. www.c5n.com (in Spanish). 1 October 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
[edit]
  • Wiktionary logo The dictionary definition of fatayer at Wiktionary
  • Wikimedia Commons logo Media related to Fatayer at Wikimedia Commons
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