5-HT7 receptor

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5-HT7 serotoninski receptor
Identifikatori
Simboli	HTR7; 5-HT7
Vanjski ID	OMIM: 182137 MGI: 99841 HomoloGene: 20244 IUPHAR: 5-HT7 GeneCards: HTR7 Gene
Ontologija gena Molekularna funkcija • aktivnost rodopsinu-sličnog receptora • receptorska aktivnost • aktivnost melanokortinskog receptora • aktivnost serotoninskog receptora Celularna komponenta • integralno sa ćelijskom membranom • membrana • integralno sa membranom Biološki proces • prenos signala • signalni put G-protein spregnutog receptora • G-proteinska signalizacija, spregnuta sa cikličnim nukleotidnim sekundarnim glasnikom • sinaptička transmisija • cirkadijalni ritam • cirkulacija
Pregled RNK izražavanja
podaci
Ortolozi
Vrsta	Čovek	Miš
Entrez	3363	15566
Ensembl	ENSG00000148680	ENSMUSG00000024798
UniProt	P34969	Q14A50
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000872	NM_008315
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000863	NP_032341
Lokacija (UCSC)	Chr 10: 92.49 - 92.61 Mb	Chr 19: 36.03 - 36.12 Mb
PubMed pretraga	[1]	[2]

5-HT₇ receptor je član familije G-protein spregnutih receptora. On se aktivira neurotransmiterom serotoninom (5-hidroksitriptamin, 5-HT)^[1] 5-HT₇ receptor je spregnut sa G_s (stimuliše produkciju intraćelijskog signalnog molekula cAMP)^[2][3] i izražen je u mnoštvu humanih tkiva, a posebno u mozgu, gastrointestinalnom traktu, i u raznim krvnim sudovima.^[3] Ovaj receptor je bio meta razvoja lekova za lečenje nekoliko kliničkih poremećaja.^[4] 5-HT₇ receptor je kodiran HTR7 genom, koji kod ljudi ima tri splajsne varijante.^[5]

Funkcija

Kod ljudi, neurotransmiter serotonin (5-Hidroksitriptamin (5-HT)) učestvuje u raznim kognitivnim i behavioralnim funkcijama. Serotoninski receptor inicira signalnu kaskadu koja započinje oslobađanjem stimulatornog G protein G_s iz GPCR kompleksa. G_s zatim aktivora adenilat ciklazu koja povišava Intracelularne nivoe sekundarnih glasnika cAMP.

5-HT₇ receptor učestvuje u relaksaciji glatkih mišića vaskulaturnog i gastrointestinalnog trakta.^[1] Najviše gustine 5-HT₇ receptora su u talamusu i hipotalamusu. On je prisutan u znatnoj meri i u hipokampusu i korteksu. 5-HT₇ receptor učestvuje u termoregulaciji, cirkadijalnom ritmu, učenju, memoriji, i spavanju. Smatra se da ovaj receptor učestvuje i u regulaciji raspoloženja, i da je stoga možda podesna meta za lečenje depresije.^[6]

Ligandi

Brojni ligandi se vezuju za 5-HT₇ receptor sa umerenim do visokog afiniteta.

Agonisti

Agonisti oponašaju dejstvo endogenog liganda, serotonina.

• 5-Karboksamidotriptamin (5-CT)
• 5-Metoksitriptamin (5-MT, 5-MeOT)
• 8-OH-DPAT (mešoviti 5-HT_1A/5-HT₇ agonist)^[7]
• AS-19
• LP-12 (4-(2-Difenil)-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahidronaftalen-1-il)-1-piperazineheksanamid)
• LP-44 (4-[2-(Metiltio)fenil]-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahidro-1-naftalenil)-1-piperazineheksanamid)
• N_ω-Metilserotonin^[8]
• N-(1,2,3,4-Tetrahidronaftalen-1-il)-4-aril-1-piperazineheksanamidi (mogu da funkcionišu kao bilo agonist ili antagonist u zavisnosti od bočnog lanca)^[9][10]

Antagonisti

Antagonisti se vezuju za receptor ali ne proizvode fiziološki respons, nego blokiraju dejstvo agonista ili inverznih agonista. Inverzni agonisti inhibiraju konstitutivnu aktivnost receptora, čime proizvode funkcionalne efekte suprotne agonistima (kod 5-HT₇ receptora: ↓cAMP).^[11][12] Antagonisti i inverzni agonisti se tipično kolektivno nazivaju „antagonistima“ i, u slučaju 5-HT₇ receptora, diferencijacija između antagonista i inverznih agonista je problematična zbog različitih nivoa efikasnosti inverznih agonista među splajsnim varijantama receptora. Na primer, mesulergin i metergolin su antagonisti na h5-HT_7(a) i h5-HT_7(d) izoformama, dok su inverzni agonisti na h5-HT_7(b) splajsnoj varijanti.^[13]

• 34-[4-(4-hlorofenil)-piperazin-1-il]-butil3-ethil-6-fluoro-1,3-dihidro-2H-indol-2-on^[14]
• Amisulprid^[15]
• Amitriptilin
• Amoksapin
• Aripiprazol
• Klomipramin
• Klozapin
• Ciproheptadin
• N,N-Dimetiltriptamin
• EGIS-12233 (mešoviti 5-HT₆/5-HT₇ antagonist)
• Flufenazin
• Fluperlapin
• ICI 169,369
• Imipramin
• Ketanserin
• Loksapin
• LSD
• Maprotilin
• Mesulergin
• Metisergid
• Mianserin
• Olanzapin
• Ritanserin
• SB-258,719^[16][17][18]
• SB-258,741^[18]
• SB-269,970 (visoko 5-HT₇ selektivan)^[19]
• SB-656,104-A^[20]
• SB-691,673^[16]
• Sertindol
• Spiperon
• Sulpirid
• Tenilapin
• TFMPP
• Trifluoperazin
• Ziprasidon
• Zotepin

Inaktivirajući antagonisti

Inaktivirajući antagonisti su nekompetitivni antagonisti koji permanentno onesposobljavaju receptor, što je naizgled slično desenzitaciji receptora. Do inaktivacije 5-HT₇ receptor ne dolazi putem klasičnih mehanizama kao što su fosforilacija, regrutovanje beta-arestina, i internalizacija.^[21] Inaktivirajući antagonisti interaguju sa 5-HT₇ receptorom u ireverzibilnom/pseudo-ireverzibilnom maniru, kao što je slučaj sa [³H]risperidonom.^[22][23]

• Bromokriptin^[23]
• Lisurid^[23]
• Metergolin^[23]
• Metiotepin^[22]
• Paliperidon^[22]
• Risperidon^[22]

Povezano

• 5-HT receptor

Reference

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2. Ruat M, Traiffort E, Leurs R, Tardivel-Lacombe J, Diaz J, Arrang JM, Schwartz JC (September 1993). „Molecular cloning, characterization, and localization of a high-affinity serotonin receptor (5-HT7) activating cAMP formation”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (18): 8547–51. DOI:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8547. PMC 47394. PMID 8397408. 
3. Bard JA, Zgombick J, Adham N, Vaysse P, Branchek TA, Weinshank RL (November 1993). „Cloning of a novel human serotonin receptor (5-HT7) positively linked to adenylate cyclase”. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (31): 23422–6. PMID 8226867. 
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8. Powell SL, Gödecke T, Nikolic D, Chen SN, Ahn S, Dietz B, Farnsworth NR, van Breemen RB, Lankin DC, Pauli GF, Bolton JL (2008). „In vitro serotonergic activity of black cohosh and identification of N(omega)-methylserotonin as a potential active constituent”. J Agric Food Chem 56 (24): 1718–1726. DOI:10.1021/jf803298z. PMID 19049296. 
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11. Pittalà V, Salerno L, Modica M, Siracusa MA, Romeo G (2007). „5-HT7 receptor ligands: recent developments and potential therapeutic applications”. Mini Rev Med Chem 7 (9): 945–60. DOI:10.2174/138955707781662663. PMID 17897083. 
12. Leopoldo M (2004). „Serotonin(7) receptors (5-HT(7)Rs) and their ligands”. Curr. Med. Chem. 11 (5): 629–61. DOI:10.2174/0929867043455828. PMID 15032609. 
13. Krobert KA and Levy FO (2002) The human 5-HT7 serotonin receptor splice variants: constitutive activity and inverse agonist effects. Br J Pharmacol 135(6):1563-1571. (2002). „The human 5-HT7 serotonin receptor splice variants: constitutive activity and inverse agonist effects.”. British journal of pharmacology 135 (6): 1563–71. DOI:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704588. PMC 1573253. PMID 11906971. 
14. Volk B, Barkóczy J, Hegedus E, et al. (April 2008). „(Phenylpiperazinyl-butyl)oxindoles as selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonists”. J. Med. Chem. 51 (8): 2522–32. DOI:10.1021/jm070279v. PMID 18361484. 
15. Abbas AI, Hedlund PB, Huang XP, Tran TB, Meltzer HY, Roth BL (July 2009). „Amisulpride is a potent 5-HT₇ antagonist: relevance for antidepressant actions in vivo”. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) 205 (1): 119–28. DOI:10.1007/s00213-009-1521-8. PMC 2821721. PMID 19337725. 
16. Romero G, Pujol M, Pauwels PJ (2006). „Reanalysis of constitutively active rat and human 5-HT7(a) receptors in HEK-293F cells demonstrates lack of silent properties for reported neutral antagonists”. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 374 (1): 31–9. DOI:10.1007/s00210-006-0093-y. PMID 16967291. 
17. Forbes IT, Dabbs S, Duckworth DM, et al. (February 1998). „(R)-3,N-dimethyl-N-[1-methyl-3-(4-methyl-piperidin-1-yl) propyl]benzenesulfonamide: the first selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist”. J. Med. Chem. 41 (5): 655–7. DOI:10.1021/jm970519e. PMID 9513592. 
18. Mahé C, Loetscher E, Feuerbach D, Müller W, Seiler MP, Schoeffter P (2004). „Differential inverse agonist efficacies of SB-258719, SB-258741 and SB-269970 at human recombinant serotonin 5-HT7 receptors”. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 495 (2-3): 97–102. DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.05.033. PMID 15249157. 
19. Lovell PJ, Bromidge SM, Dabbs S, Duckworth DM, Forbes IT, Jennings AJ, King FD, Middlemiss DN, Rahman SK, Saunders DV, Collin LL, Hagan JJ, Riley GJ and Thomas DR (2000) A novel, potent, and selective 5-HT(7) antagonist: (R)-3-(2-(2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl) phen ol (SB-269970). J Med Chem 43(3):342-345. (2000). „A novel, potent, and selective 5-HT(7) antagonist: (R)-3-(2-(2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl) phen ol (SB-269970).”. Journal of medicinal chemistry 43 (3): 342–5. DOI:10.1021/jm991151j. PMID 10669560. 
20. Forbes IT, Douglas S, Gribble AD, et al. (November 2002). „SB-656104-A: a novel 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist with improved in vivo properties”. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 12 (22): 3341–4. DOI:10.1016/S0960-894X(02)00690-X. PMID 12392747. 
21. Zhang J, Ferguson SS, Barak LS, Aber MJ, Giros B, Lefkowitz RJ and Caron MG (1997) Molecular mechanisms of G protein-coupled receptor signaling: role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and arrestins in receptor desensitization and resensitization. Receptors Channels 5(3-4):193-199. (1997). „Molecular mechanisms of G protein-coupled receptor signaling: role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and arrestins in receptor desensitization and resensitization.”. Receptors & channels 5 (3-4): 193–9. PMID 9606723. 
22. Smith C, Rahman T, Toohey N, Mazurkiewicz J, Herrick-Davis K and Teitler M (2006) Risperidone irreversibly binds to and inactivates the h5-HT7 serotonin receptor. Mol Pharmacol 70(4):1264-1270. (2006). „Risperidone irreversibly binds to and inactivates the h5-HT7 serotonin receptor.”. Molecular pharmacology 70 (4): 1264–70. DOI:10.1124/mol.106.024612. PMID 16870886. 
23. Knight JA, Smith C, Toohey N, Klein MT and Teitler M (2009) Pharmacological analysis of the novel, rapid, and potent inactivation of the human 5-Hydroxytryptamine7 receptor by risperidone, 9-OH-Risperidone, and other inactivating antagonists. Mol Pharmacol 75(2):374-380. (2009). „Pharmacological analysis of the novel, rapid, and potent inactivation of the human 5-Hydroxytryptamine7 receptor by risperidone, 9-OH-Risperidone, and other inactivating antagonists.”. Molecular pharmacology 75 (2): 374–80. DOI:10.1124/mol.108.052084. PMC 2671286. PMID 18996971. 

Spoljašnje veze

• „5-HT₇”. IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2016-03-03.